Adult bronchiolitis causes: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 15:27, 27 February 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]

Overview

Common causes of bronchiolitis include inhalational injury, viral, and drug induced, such as, mineral dusts, diacetyl, RSV and busulfan. Less common causes include heart/lung/kidney transplant, rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis.

Causes

Life-threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Life-threatening causes of adult bronchiolitis include irritant gases such as chlorine and mustard gas.

Common Causes

Adult bronchiolitis may be caused by:

Inhalational injury
- Toxic fumes
- Mineral dusts
- Irritant gases
  - Chlorine, ammonia, mustard gas, welding vapors, paraquat and diacetyl
Post-infectious
- Virus
  - RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)
  - Adenovirus
  - Rhinovirus
  - Measles
  - Mumps
  - Varicella zoster
  - CMV (cytomegalovirus)
  - HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)
- Other pathogens
Drug - induced

Less Common Causes

Less common causes of bronchiolitis include:

Organ transplant
- Heart
- Lung
- Kidney
Associated conditions
Rare associated conditions
- ARDS (adult respiratory distress syndrome)
- Ataxia telangiectasia
- Lysinuric protein intolerance
- Malignant histiocytosis
- Paraneoplastic pemphigus
- Primary biliary cholangitis
- Ulcerative colitis
- Vasculitis
  - Wegener's granulomatosis (granulomatosis with polyangiitis)
  - Churg-strauss syndrome (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis)
Idiopathic
- Cryptogenic bronchiolitis obliterans

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Heart transplant
Chemical/Poisoning	Toxic fumes, mineral dusts, irritant gases; chlorine, ammonia, mustard gas, welding vapors, paraquat, diacetyl
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Sjögren's syndrome, dermatomyositis, paraneoplastic pemphigus
Drug Side Effect	Busulfan, cocaine, gold, nimesulide, penicillamine, papaverine, rituximab, sulfasalazine, sulfamethoxypyridazine
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Primary biliary cholangitis, ulcerative colitis
Genetic	Ataxia telangiectasia
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	RSV (respiratory syncytial virus), adenovirus, rhinovirus, measles, mumps, varicella zoster, CMV (cytomegalovirus), HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), bordetella pertussis, mycoplasma pneumonia, nocardia
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	Lysinuric protein intolerance
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Paraneoplastic pemphigus, malignant histiocytosis
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	Toxic fumes, mineral dusts, irritant gases; chlorine, ammonia, mustard gas, welding vapors, paraquat, diacetyl, busulfan, cocaine, gold, nimesulide, penicillamine, papaverine, rituximab, sulfasalazine, sulfamethoxypyridazine
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	ARDS (adult respiratory distress syndrome), lung transplant
Renal/Electrolyte	Kidney transplant
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Wegener's granulomatosis (granulomatosis with polyangiitis), churg-strauss syndrome (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis), rheumatoid arthritis, sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyositis, dermatomyositis
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Cryptogenic bronchiolitis obliterans

Causes in Alphabetical Order

List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.

3

References

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 ==Overview==
-Common causes of bronchiolitis include inhalational injury, viral, and drug induced, such as, mineral dusts, diacetyl, RSV and busulfan. Less common causes include heart/lung/kidney transplant, rheumatic disease and ulcerative colitis.
+Common causes of bronchiolitis include inhalational injury, viral, and drug induced, such as, mineral dusts, [[diacetyl]], [[Human respiratory syncytial virus|RSV]] and [[busulfan]]. Less common causes include heart/lung/kidney [[Organ transplant|transplant]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]] and [[ulcerative colitis]].
@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 ===Life-threatening Causes===
 *Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
-*Life-threatening causes of adult bronchiolitis include irritant gases such as chlorine and mustard gas.
+*Life-threatening causes of adult bronchiolitis include irritant gases such as [[chlorine]] and [[mustard gas]].
 ===Common Causes===
@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 **Mineral dusts
 **Irritant gases
-***Chlorine, ammonia, mustard gas, welding vapors, paraquat and diacetyl
+***[[Chlorine gas|Chlorine]], [[ammonia]], [[mustard gas]], welding vapors, [[paraquat]] and [[diacetyl]]
 *Post-infectious
 **Virus
-***RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)
+***[[Human respiratory syncytial virus|RSV]] (respiratory syncytial virus)
-***Adenovirus
+***[[Adenoviridae|Adenovirus]]
-***Rhinovirus
+***[[Rhinovirus]]
-***Measles
+***[[Measles]]
-***Mumps
+***[[Mumps]]
-***Varicella zoster
+***[[Varicella zoster]]
-***CMV (cytomegalovirus)
+***[[Cytomegalovirus infection|CMV]] (cytomegalovirus)
-***HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)
+***[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|HIV]] (human immunodeficiency virus)
 **Other pathogens
-***Bordetella pertussis
+***[[Bordetella pertussis]]
-***Mycoplasma pneumoniae
+***[[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]]
-***Nocardia
+***[[Nocardia]]
 *Drug - induced
-**Busulfan
+**[[Busulfan]]
-**Cocaine
+**[[Cocaine]]
-**Gold
+**[[Gold]]
-**Nimesulide
+**[[Nimesulide]]
-**Penicillamine
+**[[Penicillamine]]
-**Papaverine (sauropus androgynus leaf)
+**[[Papaverine|Papaverine (sauropus androgynus leaf)]]
-**Rituximab
+**[[Rituximab]]
-**Sulfasalazine
+**[[Sulfasalazine]]
-**Sulfamethoxypyridazine
+**[[Sulfamethoxypyridazine]]
 ===Less Common Causes===
 Less common causes of bronchiolitis include:
-*Organ transplant
+*[[Organ transplant]]
-**Heart
+**[[Heart transplantation|Heart]]
-**Lung
+**[[Lung transplantation|Lung]]
-**Kidney
+**[[Kidney transplantation|Kidney]]
 *Associated conditions
-**Rheumatoid arthritis
+**[[Rheumatoid arthritis]]
-**Sjögren's syndrome
+**[[Sjögren's syndrome]]
-**Systemic lupus erythematosus
+**[[Systemic lupus erythematosus]]
-**Polymyositis
+**[[Polymyositis]]
-**Dermatomyositis
+**[[Dermatomyositis]]
 *Rare associated conditions
-**ARDS (adult respiratory distress syndrome)
+**[[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|ARDS]] (adult respiratory distress syndrome)
-**Ataxia telangiectasia
+**[[Ataxia telangiectasia]]
-**Lysinuric protein intolerance
+**[[Lysinuric protein intolerance]]
-**Malignant histiocytosis
+**[[Malignant histiocytosis]]
-**Paraneoplastic pemphigus
+**Paraneoplastic [[pemphigus]]
-**Primary biliary cholangitis
+**[[Primary biliary cirrhosis|Primary biliary cholangitis]]
-**Ulcerative colitis
+**[[Ulcerative colitis]]
 **Vasculitis
-***Wegener's granulomatosis (granulomatosis with polyangiitis)
+***[[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis|Wegener's granulomatosis]] ([[granulomatosis with polyangiitis]])
-***Churg-strauss syndrome (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis)
+***[[Churg-Strauss syndrome|Churg-strauss syndrome]] ([[eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis]])
 *Idiopathic
-**Cryptogenic bronchiolitis obliterans
+**Cryptogenic [[bronchiolitis obliterans]]
 ===Causes by Organ System===
@@ Line 75: / Line 75: @@
 {| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
 | style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular'''
-| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | Heart transplant
+| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | [[Heart transplantation|Heart transplant]]
 |-
 | bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | Toxic fumes, mineral dusts, irritant gases; chlorine, ammonia, mustard gas, welding vapors, paraquat, diacetyl
+| bgcolor="Beige" | Toxic fumes, mineral dusts, irritant gases; [[chlorine]], [[ammonia]], [[mustard gas]], welding vapors, [[paraquat]], [[diacetyl]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 86: / Line 86: @@
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Dermatologic'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | Sjögren's syndrome, dermatomyositis, paraneoplastic pemphigus
+| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Sjögren's syndrome]], [[dermatomyositis]], paraneoplastic [[pemphigus]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Drug Side Effect'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | Busulfan, cocaine, gold, nimesulide, penicillamine, papaverine, rituximab, sulfasalazine, sulfamethoxypyridazine
+| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Busulfan]], [[cocaine]], [[gold]], [[nimesulide]], [[penicillamine]], [[papaverine]], [[rituximab]], [[sulfasalazine]], [[sulfamethoxypyridazine]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 106: / Line 106: @@
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Gastroenterologic'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | Primary biliary cholangitis, ulcerative colitis
+| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Primary biliary cholangitis]], [[ulcerative colitis]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Genetic'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | Ataxia telangiectasia
+| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Ataxia telangiectasia]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 122: / Line 122: @@
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Infectious Disease'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | RSV (respiratory syncytial virus), adenovirus, rhinovirus, measles, mumps, varicella zoster, CMV (cytomegalovirus), HIV (human immunodeficiency virus),  bordetella pertussis, mycoplasma pneumonia, nocardia
+| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Human respiratory syncytial virus|RSV]] (respiratory syncytial virus), [[Adenoviridae|adenovirus]], [[rhinovirus]], [[measles]], [[mumps]], [[varicella zoster]], [[Cytomegalovirus infection|CMV]] (cytomegalovirus), [[Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)|HIV]] (human immunodeficiency virus), [[bordetella pertussis]], [[mycoplasma pneumonia]], [[nocardia]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 134: / Line 134: @@
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Nutritional/Metabolic'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | Lysinuric protein intolerance
+| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Lysinuric protein intolerance]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 142: / Line 142: @@
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Oncologic'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | Paraneoplastic pemphigus, malignant histiocytosis
+| bgcolor="Beige" | Paraneoplastic [[pemphigus]], [[malignant histiocytosis]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 150: / Line 150: @@
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Overdose/Toxicity'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | Toxic fumes, mineral dusts, irritant gases; chlorine, ammonia, mustard gas, welding vapors, paraquat, diacetyl, busulfan, cocaine, gold, nimesulide, penicillamine, papaverine, rituximab, sulfasalazine, sulfamethoxypyridazine
+| bgcolor="Beige" | Toxic fumes, mineral dusts, irritant gases; [[chlorine]], [[ammonia]], [[mustard gas]], welding vapors, [[paraquat]], [[diacetyl]], [[busulfan]], [[cocaine]], [[gold]], [[nimesulide]], [[penicillamine]], [[papaverine]], [[rituximab]], [[sulfasalazine]], [[sulfamethoxypyridazine]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 158: / Line 158: @@
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Pulmonary'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | ARDS (adult respiratory distress syndrome), lung transplant
+| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|ARDS]] (adult respiratory distress syndrome), [[Lung transplantation|lung transplant]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Renal/Electrolyte'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | Kidney transplant
+| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Kidney transplantation|Kidney transplant]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
-| bgcolor="Beige" | Wegener's granulomatosis (granulomatosis with polyangiitis), churg-strauss syndrome (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis), rheumatoid arthritis, sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyositis, dermatomyositis
+| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis|Wegener's granulomatosis]] (granulomatosis with polyangiitis), [[Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis|churg-strauss syndrome]] (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis), [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[sjögren's syndrome]], [[systemic lupus erythematosus]], [[polymyositis]], [[dermatomyositis]]
 |-
 |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"