Cyanosis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CK}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CK}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
*Common risk factors in the development of cyanosis include [[Congenital heart disease|congenital heart diseases]] with right to left shunting, respiratory disorders, [[Hemoglobinopathy|hemoglobinopathies]], [[shock]], [[Hypothermia|cold exposure]], and [[raynaud's phenomenon]]. | |||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
The risk factors for cyanosis include: | |||
*Any condition that interferes with oxygen from entering the [[Pulmonary alveolus|alveoli]] or interrupts its movement across the alveolar interface leads to [[hypoxemia]] and [[cyanosis]]. | *Any condition that interferes with oxygen from entering the [[Pulmonary alveolus|alveoli]] or interrupts its movement across the alveolar interface leads to [[hypoxemia]] and [[cyanosis]]. | ||
**'''Decreased inspired oxygen''' | **'''Decreased inspired oxygen''' | ||
| Line 63: | Line 48: | ||
**[[Shock]] | **[[Shock]] | ||
**[[Altered mental status]] | **[[Altered mental status]] | ||
**Side effects of pharmacotherapy: | |||
***Beta blockers | |||
***Nitrite or nitrate-containing compounds (eg, nitroglycerin) | |||
***Dapsone | |||
***Sulfonamides | |||
***Benzocaine | |||
***Chloroquine | |||
**High altitude | |||
**Disseminated intravascular coagulation | |||
Revision as of 15:46, 5 March 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chandrakala Yannam, MD [2]
Overview
- Common risk factors in the development of cyanosis include congenital heart diseases with right to left shunting, respiratory disorders, hemoglobinopathies, shock, cold exposure, and raynaud's phenomenon.
Risk Factors
The risk factors for cyanosis include:
- Any condition that interferes with oxygen from entering the alveoli or interrupts its movement across the alveolar interface leads to hypoxemia and cyanosis.
- Decreased inspired oxygen
- Carbon monoxide exposure
- Cyanide poisoning
- Smoke from house fires
- Upper airway obstruction
- Foreign body
- Croup
- Epiglottitis
- Bacterial tracheitis
- Traumatic airway disruption
- Impairment of chest wall or lung expansion
- Intrinsic lung diseases
- Intracardiac or vascular shunts may cause cyanosis by mixing oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
- Structural or vascular alteration in pulmonary blood flow
- Cold exposure
- Hemoglobinopathies
- Raynaud's phenomenon
- Shock
- Altered mental status
- Side effects of pharmacotherapy:
- Beta blockers
- Nitrite or nitrate-containing compounds (eg, nitroglycerin)
- Dapsone
- Sulfonamides
- Benzocaine
- Chloroquine
- High altitude
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- Decreased inspired oxygen