Cyanosis risk factors: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CK}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CK}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
*Common risk factors in the development of [[cyanosis]] include [[Congenital heart disease|congenital heart diseases]] with right to left shunting, [[carbon monoxide poisoning]], respiratory disorders | *Common risk factors in the development of [[cyanosis]] include [[Congenital heart disease|congenital heart diseases]] with right to left shunting, presence of abnormal hemoglobin, [[carbon monoxide poisoning]], respiratory disorders associated with impaired gas exchange, impaired gas diffusion via the alveoli, embolism and ventilation perfusion mismatch, arteriovenous malformations, [[Hypothermia|cold exposure]], and [[raynaud's phenomenon]]. | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
The risk factors for [[cyanosis]] include: | The risk factors for [[cyanosis]] include:<ref name="pmid29489181">{{cite journal |vauthors=Adeyinka A, Kondamudi NP |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=29489181 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Any condition that interferes with oxygen from entering the [[Pulmonary alveolus|alveoli]] or interrupts its movement across the alveolar interface leads to [[hypoxemia]] and [[cyanosis]]. | *Any condition that interferes with oxygen from entering the [[Pulmonary alveolus|alveoli]] or interrupts its movement across the alveolar interface leads to [[hypoxemia]] and [[cyanosis]]. | ||
**'''Decreased inspired oxygen''' | **'''Decreased inspired oxygen''' | ||
| Line 15: | Line 12: | ||
***[[Cyanide poisoning]] | ***[[Cyanide poisoning]] | ||
***Smoke from house fires | ***Smoke from house fires | ||
**'''[[Airway obstruction|Upper airway obstruction]]''' | **Hypoventilatory disorders: | ||
***[[Pulmonary aspiration|Foreign body]] | ***'''[[Airway obstruction|Upper airway obstruction]]''' | ||
***[[Croup]] | ****[[Pulmonary aspiration|Foreign body]] | ||
***[[Epiglottitis]] | ****[[Croup]] | ||
***[[Tracheitis|Bacterial tracheitis]] | ****[[Epiglottitis]] | ||
***Traumatic airway disruption | ****[[Tracheitis|Bacterial tracheitis]] | ||
****Traumatic airway disruption | |||
****Congenital airway anomalies | |||
***Neurologic disorders: | |||
****Severe head trauma | |||
****Transient tachypne of newborn | |||
****Seizures | |||
****BRUE | |||
****Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy | |||
****Intracranial hemorrhage | |||
**'''Impairment of chest wall or lung expansion''' | **'''Impairment of chest wall or lung expansion''' | ||
***[[Pneumothorax]] | ***[[Pneumothorax]] | ||
Revision as of 17:18, 5 March 2018
|
Cyanosis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Cyanosis risk factors On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cyanosis risk factors |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chandrakala Yannam, MD [2]
Overview
- Common risk factors in the development of cyanosis include congenital heart diseases with right to left shunting, presence of abnormal hemoglobin, carbon monoxide poisoning, respiratory disorders associated with impaired gas exchange, impaired gas diffusion via the alveoli, embolism and ventilation perfusion mismatch, arteriovenous malformations, cold exposure, and raynaud's phenomenon.
Risk Factors
The risk factors for cyanosis include:[1]
- Any condition that interferes with oxygen from entering the alveoli or interrupts its movement across the alveolar interface leads to hypoxemia and cyanosis.
- Decreased inspired oxygen
- Carbon monoxide exposure
- Cyanide poisoning
- Smoke from house fires
- Hypoventilatory disorders:
- Upper airway obstruction
- Foreign body
- Croup
- Epiglottitis
- Bacterial tracheitis
- Traumatic airway disruption
- Congenital airway anomalies
- Neurologic disorders:
- Severe head trauma
- Transient tachypne of newborn
- Seizures
- BRUE
- Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
- Intracranial hemorrhage
- Upper airway obstruction
- Impairment of chest wall or lung expansion
- Intrinsic lung diseases
- Intracardiac or vascular shunts may cause cyanosis by mixing oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
- Structural or vascular alteration in pulmonary blood flow
- Cold exposure
- Hemoglobinopathies
- Raynaud's phenomenon
- Altered mental status
- Side effects of pharmacotherapy:
- Beta blockers
- Nitrite or nitrate-containing compounds (eg, nitroglycerin)
- Dapsone
- Sulfonamides
- Benzocaine
- Chloroquine
- High altitude
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- Venomous snake bites
- Vaso occlusive crisis (Acute chest syndrome)
- Arterial obstruction:
- Venous obstruction:
- Decreased cardiac output:
- Decreased inspired oxygen