Down syndrome echocardiography or ultrasound

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with [disease name].

OR

Echocardiography/ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of [disease name]. Findings on an echocardiography/ultrasound suggestive of/diagnostic of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with [disease name]. However, an echocardiography/ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of [disease name], which include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].

Ultrasound

The following abnormalities may be associated with Down syndrome on ultrasound:

• Intrauterine growth restriction
• Mild cerebral ventriculomegaly
• Choroid plexus cysts
• Increased nuchal fold thickness
• Cystic hygromas
• Echogenic intracardiac foci
• Congenital heart defects
• Increased intestinal echogenicity
• Duodenal atresia (“double-bubble sign”)
• Renal pelvis dilation
• Shortened humerus and femur
• Increased iliac wing angle
• Incurving (clinodactyly) and hypoplasia of the fifth finger
• Increased space between first and second toes
• Two-vessel umbilical cord