Autism classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

DSM 5 categorized autism under autistic spectrum disorders/pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). Autistic spectrum of disorders are characterized by widespread abnormalities of social interactions, communication associated with severely restricted interests and repetitive behavior and can be classified into 5 types.

Classification

DSM 5 categorized autism under autistic spectrum disorders/pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). Autistic spectrum of disorders are characterized by widespread abnormalities of social interactions, communication associated with severely restricted interests and repetitive behavior.

Autistic spectrum disorder

Autistic disorder

Retts disorder

Childhood disintegrative disorder

Pervasive developmental disorder

Asperger's disorder

Based on the degree of severity and level of support ASD are classified into 3 types

Severity level		Social communication	Restricted, repetitive behaviors
Level 3	Requiring very substantial support	Severe deficits in verbal and non-verbal communication skills Severe impairment in functioning Very limited initiation of social interactions Minimal response to social overtures from others	Inflexibility of behavior Extreme difficulty in coping with change Repeated behavior markedly interferes with functioning in all spheres Great distress/difficulty changing focus or action
Level 2	Requiring substantial support	Marked deficits in verbal and non-verbal communication skills Marked impairment in functioning Limited initiation of social interactions	Difficulty in coping with change Distress/difficulty changing focus or action Repetitive behaviors occur frequently
Level 1	Requiring support	Without support, deficits in verbal and non-verbal communication skills Atypical and unusual social responses	Interference with functioning in one or more context Problems of organization and planning hamper independence