Bell's palsy causes: Difference between revisions
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{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1" | {| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1" | ||
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" | '''Cardiovascular''' | | style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" | '''Cardiovascular''' | ||
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | | | style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" | Ischemic [[mononeuropathy]] | ||
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| '''Infectious Disease''' | | '''Infectious Disease''' | ||
| bgcolor="Beige" | Acute [[HIV]] infection, [[Adenovirus]], [[Coxsackievirus]], [[Cytomegalovirus | | bgcolor="Beige" | Acute [[HIV]] infection, [[Adenovirus]], [[Coxsackievirus]], [[Cytomegalovirus]], [[Epstein-Barr virus]], [[Herpes simplex virus]], [[Herpes zoster]], Inactivated intranasal [[influenza vaccine]], [[Influenza B]], [[Mumps]], [[Rickettsia|Rickettsial]] infection, [[Rubella]], [[Varicella-zoster virus]], [[Borrelia burgdorferi]] | ||
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Revision as of 22:43, 26 April 2018
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Bell's palsy Microchapters |
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Bell's palsy causes On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]
Overview
Causes
Common Causes
The exact cause of Bell's palsy is unknown but there are some evidences which implies Bell's palsy may be caused by:
- Viral infections:
- Herpes simplex virus reactivation[1]
- Herpes Zoster[2]
- Cytomegalovirus[3]
- Epstein Barr virus[4]
- Rubella virus[5]
- Mumps[6]
- Influenza B[7]
- Coxsackievirus[8]
- Rickettsial infection [9]
- Borrelia burgdorferi[10]
- Acute HIV infection[11]
- Ischemic mononeuropathy[12]
- Diabetes mellitus[13]
- Thyroid disorders[14]
- Compression of the facial nerve[15]
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | Ischemic mononeuropathy |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | Diabetes mellitus, Thyroid disorders |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | Inactivated intranasal influenza vaccine |
| Infectious Disease | Acute HIV infection, Adenovirus, Coxsackievirus, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, Herpes simplex virus, Herpes zoster, Inactivated intranasal influenza vaccine, Influenza B, Mumps, Rickettsial infection, Rubella, Varicella-zoster virus, Borrelia burgdorferi |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | Compression of the facial nerve, Facial nerve inflammation, Ischemic mononeuropathy, Tumors of the facial nerve |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | Tumors of the facial nerve |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | Inactivated intranasal influenza vaccine |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | Compression of the facial nerve, Facial nerve inflammation, Idiopathic |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
Causes by Etiology
Infectious Causes
- Herpes simplex virus reactivation is the most likely cause of Bell's Palsy.
- Herpes Zoster may be the second most common viral infection.
- Cytomegalovirus
- Epstein Barr virus
- Adenovirus
- Rubella virus
- Mumps
- Influenza B
- Coxsackievirus
- Rickettsial infection
- Ehrlichiosis
- Borrelia burgdorferi
- Acute HIV infection
Non-Infectious Causes
- Facial nerve inflammation
- Tumors and compression of the facial nerve
- Ischemic mononeuropathy
References
- ↑ Furuta Y, Fukuda S, Chida E, Takasu T, Ohtani F, Inuyama Y; et al. (1998). "Reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 in patients with Bell's palsy". J Med Virol. 54 (3): 162–6. PMID 9515763.
- ↑ Morrow MJ (2000). "Bell's Palsy and Herpes Zoster Oticus". Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2 (5): 407–416. PMID 11096766.
- ↑ Walters BN, Redman CW (1984). "Bell's palsy and cytomegalovirus mononucleosis in pregnancy". J R Soc Med. 77 (5): 429–30. PMC 1439928. PMID 6327983.
- ↑ Maeda S, Tsuda H, Haruki S, Mitsuto I (1999). "Atypical Epstein-Barr virus infection associated with Gianotti-Crosti syndrome and Bell's palsy". Pediatr Int. 41 (3): 315–7. PMID 10365586.
- ↑ Jamal GA, Al-Husaini A (1983). "Bell's palsy and infection with rubella virus". J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 46 (7): 678–80. PMC 1027493. PMID 6886708.
- ↑ Kondo K, Kanaya K, Baba S, Yamasoba T (2014). "Mumps, cervical zoster, and facial paralysis: coincidence or association?". Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2014: 289687. doi:10.1155/2014/289687. PMC 3933221. PMID 24653846.
- ↑ Wijnans L, Dodd CN, Weibel D, Sturkenboom M (2017). "Bell's palsy and influenza(H1N1)pdm09 containing vaccines: A self-controlled case series". PLoS One. 12 (5): e0175539. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0175539. PMC 5414992. PMID 28467420.
- ↑ McFarlin A, Peckler B (2008). "An unusual presentation of Bell's palsy: A case report and review of literature". J Emerg Trauma Shock. 1 (1): 50–2. doi:10.4103/0974-2700.40574. PMC 2700557. PMID 19561942.
- ↑ Bitsori M, Galanakis E, Papadakis CE, Sbyrakis S (2001). "Facial nerve palsy associated with Rickettsia conorii infection". Arch Dis Child. 85 (1): 54–5. PMC 1718833. PMID 11420202.
- ↑ Schmutzhard E, Stanek G (1985). "Borrelia burgdorferi, a possible cause of Bell's palsy?". Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 87 (4): 255–7. PMID 3912092.
- ↑ Brown MM, Thompson A, Goh BT, Forster GE, Swash M (1988). "Bell's palsy and HIV infection". J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 51 (3): 425–6. PMC 1032872. PMID 3361335.
- ↑ Fahimi J, Navi BB, Kamel H (2014). "Potential misdiagnoses of Bell's palsy in the emergency department". Ann Emerg Med. 63 (4): 428–34. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.06.022. PMC 3940662. PMID 23891413.
- ↑ Pecket P, Schattner A (1982). "Concurrent Bell's palsy and diabetes mellitus: a diabetic mononeuropathy?". J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 45 (7): 652–5. PMC 491483. PMID 7119834.
- ↑ Cox NH, Chew D, Williams JG, Morris AI (1985). "Bell's Palsy associated with hypothyroidism". Br J Clin Pract. 39 (4): 158–9. PMID 4015946.
- ↑ Gussen R (1977). "Pathogenesis of Bell's palsy. Retrograde epineurial edema and postedematous fibrous compression neuropathy of the facial nerve". Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 86 (4 Pt 1): 549–58. doi:10.1177/000348947708600416. PMID 889228.