Metabolic alkalosis: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
'''Metabolic alkalosis''' is an elevation of the pH in the bloodstream which results from decreased [[hydrogen]] ion concentration leading to increased [[bicarbonate]] and [[carbon dioxide]] concentrations, or alternatively a direct result of increased [[bicarbonate]] concentrations. | '''Metabolic alkalosis''' is an elevation of the pH in the bloodstream which results from decreased [[hydrogen]] ion concentration leading to increased [[bicarbonate]] and [[carbon dioxide]] concentrations, or alternatively a direct result of increased [[bicarbonate]] concentrations. | ||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== |
Revision as of 14:23, 16 May 2018
Resident Survival Guide |
Metabolic alkalosis Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
---|
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Metabolic alkalosis On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Metabolic alkalosis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.D. [2]
Overview
Metabolic alkalosis is an elevation of the pH in the bloodstream which results from decreased hydrogen ion concentration leading to increased bicarbonate and carbon dioxide concentrations, or alternatively a direct result of increased bicarbonate concentrations.
Epidemiology and Demographics
It is the most common acid-base disorder seen in hospital in the United States.
Causes
- Urine chloride is used to narrow down the differential diagnosis of metabolic alkalosis.
Low urine chloride (<10mEq/dl)
- Patients with low urine chloride and metabolic alkalosis respond well to treatment with volume repletion with saline, thus these conditions are often referred as saline-responsive metabolic alkalosis. Some conditions of volume depletions are:
- Vomiting,
- Nasogastric tube suction
- Over diuresis
- Other condition with similar presentation but without volume depletion is hypercapnia
Normal urine chloride (> 10mEQ/dL)
- With hypertension
- Cushing's syndrome,
- Primary aldosteronism (Conn's syndrome),
- Renal artery stenosis
- Renal failure + excess supplemented alkali
- Without hypertension
- Hypomagnesemia
- Hypokalemia,
- Bartter's syndrome (defect of sodium chloride resorption),
- Licorice ingestion (increases cortisol)
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order