Polyarteritis nodosa physical examination: Difference between revisions

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=== Skin ===
=== Skin ===
* Skin examination of patients with PAN can show:
* Skin examination of patients with PAN can show:<ref name="pmid12350194">{{cite journal |vauthors=Stone JH |title=Polyarteritis nodosa |journal=JAMA |volume=288 |issue=13 |pages=1632–9 |date=October 2002 |pmid=12350194 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** [[Livedo reticularis]]
** [[Livedo reticularis]]
** [[Ulcer|Ulcerations]]  
** [[Ulcer|Ulcerations]]  
Line 20: Line 20:
** Nodules
** Nodules
*** Nodules are a rare finding.  
*** Nodules are a rare finding.  
*** Most commonly seen on lower extremity.   Cutaneous symptoms in PAN include the following<sup> [[null 6]] </sup>(see the images below):
*** Most commonly seen on lower extremity.
**** Livedo reticularis that does not blanch with active pressure
**** Ulcerations - Especially on the lower extremities, near the malleoli and on the calf
**** Digital ischemia - May be accompanied by splinter hemorrhages and, sometimes, gangrene
**** Nodules - Usually on the lower extremities (like ulcers); nodules are the least common skin manifestation of PAN


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 16:37, 17 May 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Haritha Machavarapu, M.B.B.S.

Overview

Physical Examination

  • Physical examination plays an important role in diagnosing PAN.
  • Arteritis can be suspected with the presence of multiple mononeuropathies.
  • Signs of ischemia such as extremity ischemia, hypertension and renovascular disease can help in diagnosing PAN.

Skin

  • Skin examination of patients with PAN can show:[1]
    • Livedo reticularis
    • Ulcerations
      • Ulcers can be seen on the lower extremeties
    • Digital ischemia
      • Splinter hemorrages can be seen.
      • Gangrene can also be seen.
    • Nodules
      • Nodules are a rare finding.
      • Most commonly seen on lower extremity.

References

  1. Stone JH (October 2002). "Polyarteritis nodosa". JAMA. 288 (13): 1632–9. PMID 12350194.

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