Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis overview: Difference between revisions
| Line 37: | Line 37: | ||
===Laboratory Findings=== | ===Laboratory Findings=== | ||
==Electrocardiogram== | |||
There are no ECG findings associated with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. | |||
===X-ray=== | ===X-ray=== | ||
Revision as of 19:10, 13 June 2018
|
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis overview On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis overview |
|
Directions to Hospitals Treating Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
There is no established system for the classification of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Xyz from Other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Patients with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis may have a positive history of streptococcal throat infection and streptococcal skin infection. Common symptoms of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis include dark urine, oliguria, periorbital edema and hypertension. Less common symptoms of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis include general malaise, weakness, anorexia, nausea and vomiting.
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
There are no ECG findings associated with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
X-ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
CT scan
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
The mainstay of treatment is pharmacotherapy, however dietary therapy is useful for controlling edema and hypertension. Dietary therapy includes low salt, protein intake, and water restriction. If the streptococcal infection is still present, it should be treated with antibiotics. To control severe hypertension, labetalol is usually used, For mild to moderate hypertension, furosemide is used. For rapidly progressive crescentic acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, methylprednisolone is preferred.
Surgery
Surgical intervention is not recommended for the management of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
Primary Prevention
Effective measures for the primary prevention of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis include improving hand hygiene, better housing, prevent overcrowding, treatment of an infected patient within 24 hours with antibiotics and prevent close contact. A 26-valent vaccine is recommended for children to prevent post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
Secondary Prevention
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is resolved completely, however, effective measures for the secondary prevention of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis include compliant with anti-hypertensive medication and follow up with the nephrologist