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=== Life-threatening Causes[edit | edit source] ===
=== Life-threatening Causes[edit | edit source] ===
* Life-threatening causes of membranous glomerulonephritis include hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV.
* Life-threatening causes of membranous glomerulonephritis include hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. <ref name="pmid10495797">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wasserstein AG |title=Membranous glomerulonephritis |journal=J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=664–74 |date=April 1997 |pmid=10495797 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6358633">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jennette JC, Iskandar SS, Dalldorf FG |title=Pathologic differentiation between lupus and nonlupus membranous glomerulopathy |journal=Kidney Int. |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=377–85 |date=September 1983 |pmid=6358633 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3484901">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Comparison of idiopathic and systemic lupus erythematosus-associated membranous glomerulonephropathy in children. The Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group |journal=Am. J. Kidney Dis. |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=115–24 |date=February 1986 |pmid=3484901 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9175062">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tse WY, Howie AJ, Adu D, Savage CO, Richards NT, Wheeler DC, Michael J |title=Association of vasculitic glomerulonephritis with membranous nephropathy: a report of 10 cases |journal=Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=1017–27 |date=May 1997 |pmid=9175062 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* Lymphoproliferative ( non-hodgkin`s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, occasionally hodgkin`s lymphoma)
* Lymphoproliferative ( non-hodgkin`s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, occasionally hodgkin`s lymphoma)


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=== Infectious disease ===
=== Infectious disease ===
* The infectious causes of membranous glomerulonephritis are given below: <ref name="pmid10495797">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wasserstein AG |title=Membranous glomerulonephritis |journal=J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=664–74 |date=April 1997 |pmid=10495797 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6358633">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jennette JC, Iskandar SS, Dalldorf FG |title=Pathologic differentiation between lupus and nonlupus membranous glomerulopathy |journal=Kidney Int. |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=377–85 |date=September 1983 |pmid=6358633 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3484901">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Comparison of idiopathic and systemic lupus erythematosus-associated membranous glomerulonephropathy in children. The Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group |journal=Am. J. Kidney Dis. |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=115–24 |date=February 1986 |pmid=3484901 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9175062">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tse WY, Howie AJ, Adu D, Savage CO, Richards NT, Wheeler DC, Michael J |title=Association of vasculitic glomerulonephritis with membranous nephropathy: a report of 10 cases |journal=Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=1017–27 |date=May 1997 |pmid=9175062 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* Hepatitis B
* Hepatitis B
* Hepatitis C
* Hepatitis C
Line 32: Line 33:


=== '''Drugs and toxicity''' ===
=== '''Drugs and toxicity''' ===
* The causes related to drug and toxicity are given below:<ref name="pmid10495797">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wasserstein AG |title=Membranous glomerulonephritis |journal=J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=664–74 |date=April 1997 |pmid=10495797 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6358633">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jennette JC, Iskandar SS, Dalldorf FG |title=Pathologic differentiation between lupus and nonlupus membranous glomerulopathy |journal=Kidney Int. |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=377–85 |date=September 1983 |pmid=6358633 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3484901">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Comparison of idiopathic and systemic lupus erythematosus-associated membranous glomerulonephropathy in children. The Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group |journal=Am. J. Kidney Dis. |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=115–24 |date=February 1986 |pmid=3484901 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9175062">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tse WY, Howie AJ, Adu D, Savage CO, Richards NT, Wheeler DC, Michael J |title=Association of vasculitic glomerulonephritis with membranous nephropathy: a report of 10 cases |journal=Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=1017–27 |date=May 1997 |pmid=9175062 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* Gold
* Gold
* Penicilliamine
* Penicilliamine
Line 42: Line 44:


=== Autoimmue or collagen-vascular disease ===
=== Autoimmue or collagen-vascular disease ===
* The auto-immune causes are given below: <ref name="pmid10495797">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wasserstein AG |title=Membranous glomerulonephritis |journal=J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=664–74 |date=April 1997 |pmid=10495797 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6358633">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jennette JC, Iskandar SS, Dalldorf FG |title=Pathologic differentiation between lupus and nonlupus membranous glomerulopathy |journal=Kidney Int. |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=377–85 |date=September 1983 |pmid=6358633 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3484901">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Comparison of idiopathic and systemic lupus erythematosus-associated membranous glomerulonephropathy in children. The Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group |journal=Am. J. Kidney Dis. |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=115–24 |date=February 1986 |pmid=3484901 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9175062">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tse WY, Howie AJ, Adu D, Savage CO, Richards NT, Wheeler DC, Michael J |title=Association of vasculitic glomerulonephritis with membranous nephropathy: a report of 10 cases |journal=Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=1017–27 |date=May 1997 |pmid=9175062 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* systemic lupus erythematosus
* systemic lupus erythematosus
* Rheumatoid arthritis
* Rheumatoid arthritis
Line 48: Line 51:


=== Neoplastic disease ===
=== Neoplastic disease ===
* The neoplastic causes are given below: <ref name="pmid10495797">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wasserstein AG |title=Membranous glomerulonephritis |journal=J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=664–74 |date=April 1997 |pmid=10495797 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6358633">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jennette JC, Iskandar SS, Dalldorf FG |title=Pathologic differentiation between lupus and nonlupus membranous glomerulopathy |journal=Kidney Int. |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=377–85 |date=September 1983 |pmid=6358633 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3484901">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Comparison of idiopathic and systemic lupus erythematosus-associated membranous glomerulonephropathy in children. The Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group |journal=Am. J. Kidney Dis. |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=115–24 |date=February 1986 |pmid=3484901 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9175062">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tse WY, Howie AJ, Adu D, Savage CO, Richards NT, Wheeler DC, Michael J |title=Association of vasculitic glomerulonephritis with membranous nephropathy: a report of 10 cases |journal=Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=1017–27 |date=May 1997 |pmid=9175062 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* carcinoma ( lung, breast, stomach, colon, esophagus, melanoma, renal cell, neuroblastoma, carotid body)
* carcinoma ( lung, breast, stomach, colon, esophagus, melanoma, renal cell, neuroblastoma, carotid body)
* Lymphoproliferative ( non-hodgkin`s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, occasionally hodgkin`s lymphoma)
* Lymphoproliferative ( non-hodgkin`s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, occasionally hodgkin`s lymphoma)


=== Miscellaneous ===
=== Miscellaneous ===
* The other causes are given below <ref name="pmid10495797">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wasserstein AG |title=Membranous glomerulonephritis |journal=J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=664–74 |date=April 1997 |pmid=10495797 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6358633">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jennette JC, Iskandar SS, Dalldorf FG |title=Pathologic differentiation between lupus and nonlupus membranous glomerulopathy |journal=Kidney Int. |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=377–85 |date=September 1983 |pmid=6358633 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3484901">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Comparison of idiopathic and systemic lupus erythematosus-associated membranous glomerulonephropathy in children. The Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group |journal=Am. J. Kidney Dis. |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=115–24 |date=February 1986 |pmid=3484901 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9175062">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tse WY, Howie AJ, Adu D, Savage CO, Richards NT, Wheeler DC, Michael J |title=Association of vasculitic glomerulonephritis with membranous nephropathy: a report of 10 cases |journal=Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=1017–27 |date=May 1997 |pmid=9175062 |doi= |url=}}</ref>:
* Diabetes Mellitus
* Diabetes Mellitus
* sickle cell anemia  
* sickle cell anemia  
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=== Less Common Causes ===
=== Less Common Causes ===
* The less common causes are given below:<ref name="pmid10495797">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wasserstein AG |title=Membranous glomerulonephritis |journal=J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=664–74 |date=April 1997 |pmid=10495797 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid6358633">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jennette JC, Iskandar SS, Dalldorf FG |title=Pathologic differentiation between lupus and nonlupus membranous glomerulopathy |journal=Kidney Int. |volume=24 |issue=3 |pages=377–85 |date=September 1983 |pmid=6358633 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid3484901">{{cite journal |vauthors= |title=Comparison of idiopathic and systemic lupus erythematosus-associated membranous glomerulonephropathy in children. The Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group |journal=Am. J. Kidney Dis. |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=115–24 |date=February 1986 |pmid=3484901 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9175062">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tse WY, Howie AJ, Adu D, Savage CO, Richards NT, Wheeler DC, Michael J |title=Association of vasculitic glomerulonephritis with membranous nephropathy: a report of 10 cases |journal=Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=1017–27 |date=May 1997 |pmid=9175062 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
* Mysthenia gravis
* Mysthenia gravis
* Weber-christian disease
* Weber-christian disease

Revision as of 14:05, 18 July 2018

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Overview

  • The main causes of Membranous Glomerulonephritis are Infectious causes like Hepatitis B, drugs like captopril and autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus.

Causes:

Life-threatening Causes[edit | edit source]

  • Life-threatening causes of membranous glomerulonephritis include hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. [1][2][3][4]
  • Lymphoproliferative ( non-hodgkin`s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, occasionally hodgkin`s lymphoma)

Common Causes

The causes of membranous glomerulonephritis are as follows: [1][2][3][4]

  • Captopril
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis C
  • HIV
  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Infectious disease

  • The infectious causes of membranous glomerulonephritis are given below: [1][2][3][4]
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis C
  • secondary and congenital syphilis
  • HIV nephropathy
  • Schistosomiasis
  • Leprosy
  • Hydatid disease
  • Loaiasis (filaria)
  • Quartan malaria

Drugs and toxicity

  • The causes related to drug and toxicity are given below:[1][2][3][4]
  • Gold
  • Penicilliamine
  • Captopril (high doses)
  • Formaldehyde
  • Probenecid
  • nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
  • mercury
  • Volatile hydrocarbons

Autoimmue or collagen-vascular disease

  • The auto-immune causes are given below: [1][2][3][4]
  • systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Hashimoto`s thyroiditis
  • Primary biliary cirrhosis

Neoplastic disease

  • The neoplastic causes are given below: [1][2][3][4]
  • carcinoma ( lung, breast, stomach, colon, esophagus, melanoma, renal cell, neuroblastoma, carotid body)
  • Lymphoproliferative ( non-hodgkin`s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, occasionally hodgkin`s lymphoma)

Miscellaneous

  • The other causes are given below [1][2][3][4]:
  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • sickle cell anemia
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Weber-christian disease
  • Dermatitis herpetiformis
  • Bullous pemphigoid
  • Mysthenia gravis
  • Guillain-Barre nephropathy

Less Common Causes

  • The less common causes are given below:[1][2][3][4]
  • Mysthenia gravis
  • Weber-christian disease
  • Guillain-Barre nephropathy

Causes by Organ System

  • The causes of membranous glomerulonephritis are given below: [1][2][3][4]
Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning Volatile hydrocarbons
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Captopril, Penicilliamine
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Diabetes mellitus
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, secondary and congenital syphilis, HIV nephropathy, Schistosomiasis, Leprosy, Hydatid disease, Loaiasis (filaria), Quartan malaria
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic Rheumatoid arthritis
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic non-hodgkin`s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, occasionally hodgkin`s lymphoma
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity Captopril, Gold, Penicilliamine
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Rheumatoid arthritis, Mysthenia gravis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order: [1][2][3][4]

  • Bullous pemphigoid
  • Captopril
  • Dermatitis herpetiformis
  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Formaldehyde
  • Guillain-Barre nephropathy
  • Hashimoto`s thyroiditis
  • Lymphoproliferative ( non-hodgkin`s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, occasionally hodgkin`s lymphoma)
  • Mysthenia gravis
  • Weber-christian disease


References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 Wasserstein AG (April 1997). "Membranous glomerulonephritis". J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 8 (4): 664–74. PMID 10495797.
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 Jennette JC, Iskandar SS, Dalldorf FG (September 1983). "Pathologic differentiation between lupus and nonlupus membranous glomerulopathy". Kidney Int. 24 (3): 377–85. PMID 6358633.
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 "Comparison of idiopathic and systemic lupus erythematosus-associated membranous glomerulonephropathy in children. The Southwest Pediatric Nephrology Study Group". Am. J. Kidney Dis. 7 (2): 115–24. February 1986. PMID 3484901.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 Tse WY, Howie AJ, Adu D, Savage CO, Richards NT, Wheeler DC, Michael J (May 1997). "Association of vasculitic glomerulonephritis with membranous nephropathy: a report of 10 cases". Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 12 (5): 1017–27. PMID 9175062.

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