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==Historical perspective==
==Historical perspective==
* The first published description of a case of leukemia in medical literature dates to 1827, when a French physician named [[Alfred-Armand-Louis-Marie Velpeau]] described a 63-year-old florist who developed an illness characterized by [[fever]], [[weakness]], [[nephrolithiasis|urinary stones]], and substantial [[hepatosplenomegaly|enlargement of the liver and spleen]].  Velpeau noted that the blood of this patient had a consistency "like gruel", and speculated that the appearance of the blood was due to white corpuscles.<ref>
* <ref>{{cite book |last = Hoffman |first = Ronald ''et al.'' |title= Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice |year= 2005 |publisher= Elsevier Churchill Livingstone |location= St. Louis, Mo. |edition = 4th. ed. |pages = p. 1071 |id= ISBN 0-443-06629-9}}</ref>.<ref>Bennett JH. Two cases of hypertrophy of the spleen and liver, in which death took place from suppuration of blood. ''Edinburgh Med Surg J.'' (1845)64:413.</ref><ref>Virchow R: Die Leukämie. In Virchow R (ed): Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Wissenschaftlichen Medizin. Frankfurt, Meidinger, 1856, p 190.</ref><ref>Ebstein W. Ueber die acute Leukämie und Pseudoleukämie. ''Deutsch Arch Klin Med''. (1889)44:343.</ref>  
{{cite book |last = Hoffman |first = Ronald ''et al.'' |title= Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice |year= 2005 |publisher= Elsevier Churchill Livingstone |location= St. Louis, Mo. |edition = 4th. ed. |pages = p. 1071 |id= ISBN 0-443-06629-9}}</ref>  


* In 1845, a series of patients who died with enlarged spleens and changes in the "colors and consistencies of their blood" was reported by the Edinburgh-based [[pathologist]] J.H. Bennett; he used the term "leucocythemia" to describe this pathological condition.<ref>Bennett JH. Two cases of hypertrophy of the spleen and liver, in which death took place from suppuration of blood. ''Edinburgh Med Surg J.'' (1845)64:413.</ref>
* <ref>Mosler F. Klinische Symptome und Therapie der medullären Leukämie. ''Berl Klin Wochenschr''. (1876)13:702. </ref><ref>Naegeli O. Über rothes Knochenmark und Myeloblasten. ''Deutsch Med Wochenschr''. (1900) 26:287.</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = Zhen-yi, Wang |title = Ham-Wasserman Lecture: Treatment of Acute Leukemia by Inducing Differentiation and Apoptosis | year=2003 | journal = Hematology | pmid = 14633774}}</ref>  
 
* The term "leukemia" was coined by [[Rudolf Virchow]], the renowned German [[pathologist]], in 1856.  As a pioneer in the use of the [[light microscope]] in pathology, Virchow was the first to describe the abnormal excess of white blood cells in patients with the clinical syndrome described by Velpeau and Bennett.  As Virchow was uncertain of the [[etiology|cause]] of the white blood cell excess, he used the purely descriptive term "leukemia" (Greek: "white blood") to refer to the condition.<ref>Virchow R: Die Leukämie. In Virchow R (ed): Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Wissenschaftlichen Medizin. Frankfurt, Meidinger, 1856, p 190.</ref>
 
* [[Wilhelm Ebstein]] introduced the term ''"acute leukemia"'' in 1889 to differentiate rapidly progressive and fatal leukemias from the more indolent [[chronic leukemia]]s.<ref>Ebstein W. Ueber die acute Leukämie und Pseudoleukämie. ''Deutsch Arch Klin Med''. (1889)44:343.</ref>
 
* The technique of [[bone marrow examination]] to diagnose leukemia was first described in 1879 by Mosler.<ref>Mosler F. Klinische Symptome und Therapie der medullären Leukämie. ''Berl Klin Wochenschr''. (1876)13:702. </ref>  
 
* Finally, in 1900 the [[lymphoblast]], which is the malignant cell in acute lymphoid leukemia, was characterized by Naegeli, who divided the leukemias into ''myeloid'' and ''lymphocytic''.<ref>Naegeli O. Über rothes Knochenmark und Myeloblasten. ''Deutsch Med Wochenschr''. (1900) 26:287.</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = Zhen-yi, Wang |title = Ham-Wasserman Lecture: Treatment of Acute Leukemia by Inducing Differentiation and Apoptosis | year=2003 | journal = Hematology | pmid = 14633774}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 16:49, 18 July 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Carlos A Lopez, M.D. [2]

Overview

Leukemia was first described in 1827 by Alfred-Armand-Louis-Marie Velpeau, a french physician.

Historical perspective

References

  1. ↑ Hoffman, Ronald; et al. (2005). Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice (4th. ed. ed.). St. Louis, Mo.: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. pp. p. 1071. ISBN 0-443-06629-9.
  2. ↑ Bennett JH. Two cases of hypertrophy of the spleen and liver, in which death took place from suppuration of blood. Edinburgh Med Surg J. (1845)64:413.
  3. ↑ Virchow R: Die Leukämie. In Virchow R (ed): Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Wissenschaftlichen Medizin. Frankfurt, Meidinger, 1856, p 190.
  4. ↑ Ebstein W. Ueber die acute Leukämie und Pseudoleukämie. Deutsch Arch Klin Med. (1889)44:343.
  5. ↑ Mosler F. Klinische Symptome und Therapie der medullären Leukämie. Berl Klin Wochenschr. (1876)13:702.
  6. ↑ Naegeli O. Über rothes Knochenmark und Myeloblasten. Deutsch Med Wochenschr. (1900) 26:287.
  7. ↑ Zhen-yi, Wang (2003). "Ham-Wasserman Lecture: Treatment of Acute Leukemia by Inducing Differentiation and Apoptosis". Hematology. PMID 14633774.

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