Interstitial nephritis causes: Difference between revisions
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secondary to proton pump inhibitors: experience from a single UK renal | secondary to proton pump inhibitors: experience from a single UK renal | ||
unit. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004; 19:1441</ref><ref>Wang YC, Lin YF, Chao TK, et al. Acute interstitial nephritis with prominent | unit. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004; 19:1441</ref><ref>Wang YC, Lin YF, Chao TK, et al. Acute interstitial nephritis with prominent | ||
eosinophil inltration. Clin Nephrol 2009; 71:187</ | eosinophil inltration. Clin Nephrol 2009; 71:187</ref> | ||
* Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) | * Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) | ||
Revision as of 00:50, 27 July 2018
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Interstitial nephritis Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohsen Basiri M.D.
Overview
Common causes of interstitial nephritis include drug side effects, particularly analgesics and antibiotics. Other common causes include associated nephrologic conditions, as well as microbial infections.
Causes
Drugs
- 70 to 75 percent (with antibiotics responsible for 30 to 49 percent of these cases)[1]
- Any drug has the potentiality to cause AIN, among case reports of many drugs causing AIN, but only a few have been reported with biopsy-proven AIN. The most common proven drugs cause of AIN include:[2][3][4][5][6][7]
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs)
- Penicillins and cephalosporins
- Antimicrobial sulfonamides, including trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
- Rifampin
- Diuretics, including loop diuretics such as furosemide and bumetanide, and
- Thiazide-type diuretics
- Ciprofloxacin and, perhaps to a lesser degree, ● other quinolones
- Cimetidine
- Allopurinol
- Proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole and lansoprazole
- Indinavir
- 5-aminosalicylates (eg, mesalamine)
Infections
Multiple organisms may cause TIN including bacterial viral fungal parasitic infections.
Bacteria
- Legionella,
- Leptospira,
- Streptococcus,
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Corynebacterium diphtheriae
- Yersinia,
- Enterococcus
- Escherichia coli
Virus
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV),
- Aolyomavirus,
- Adenovirus,
- Candida
parasites
- Leishmania
- Toxoplasma
Immunologic diseases
- Sarcoidosis
- SLE,
- Sjögren's syndrome
Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome – 5 to 10 percent
Less Common Causes
Less common causes of TIN include:
- Heavy metals (eg, lead, cadmium, mercury)
- Obstructive uropathy, nephrolithiasis, reflux disease
- Neoplasia (eg, myeloma, leukemia, amyloidosis)
- Metabolic diseases (eg, hypercalcemia, cystinosis, potassium depletion, hyperoxaluria)
Causes in Alphabetical Order
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3References
- ↑ Baker, R. J.; Pusey, C. D. (2004). "The changing profile of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis". Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 19 (1): 8–11. doi:10.1093/ndt/gfg464. ISSN 0931-0509.
- ↑ Neilson EG. Pathogenesis and therapy of interstitial nephritis. Kidney Int 1989; 35:1257
- ↑ Ten RM, Torres VE, Milliner DS, et al. Acute interstitial nephritis: immunologic and clinical aspects. Mayo Clin Proc 1988; 63:921
- ↑ Michel DM, Kelly CJ. Acute interstitial nephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 1998; 9:506
- ↑ Michel DM, Kelly CJ. Acute interstitial nephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 1998; 9:506
- ↑ Torpey N, Barker T, Ross C. Drug-induced tubulo-interstitial nephritis secondary to proton pump inhibitors: experience from a single UK renal unit. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004; 19:1441
- ↑ Wang YC, Lin YF, Chao TK, et al. Acute interstitial nephritis with prominent eosinophil inltration. Clin Nephrol 2009; 71:187