Hydronephrosis overview: Difference between revisions
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==[[Hydronephrosis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]== | ==[[Hydronephrosis historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]== | ||
[[Ureteral]] anatomy and the function of the ureterovesical junction was first discovered by Galen, Leonardo da Vinci and John Sampson.In 1950s, Hodson and Edwards was the first to discover the association between association of VUR with [[renal]] [[scarring]]. | |||
==[[Hydronephrosis classification|Classification]]== | ==[[Hydronephrosis classification|Classification]]== | ||
Revision as of 16:34, 31 July 2018
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Hydronephrosis overview On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hydronephrosis overview |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Synonyms and keywords:
Overview
Historical Perspective
Ureteral anatomy and the function of the ureterovesical junction was first discovered by Galen, Leonardo da Vinci and John Sampson.In 1950s, Hodson and Edwards was the first to discover the association between association of VUR with renal scarring.
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Hydronephrosis is commonly caused by conditions that obstruct urine outflow anywhere between kidneys and urethral opening. It is also caused by non obstructive conditions in some cases. Most common causes of hydronephrosis are renal calculi, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, vesicoureteric reflux, carcinoma involving urinary tract, prostate enlargement and cancer, blood clots retention and external compression from pelvic and abdominal tumors such as ovarian cysts, and retroperitoneal fibrosis.
Differentiating Hydronephrosis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic study of choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X-Ray Findings | Echocardiography and Ultrasound | CT-Scan Findings | MRI Findings | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies