Macrocytic anemia physical examination: Difference between revisions
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===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
* [[Pallor]] | * [[Pallor]] | ||
* [[Vitiligo]]- in autoimmune diseases related to pernicious anemia | |||
* [[Jaundice]] may be seen | |||
===HEENT=== | ===HEENT=== | ||
* Pale [[Conjunctiva]] | * Pale [[Conjunctiva]] | ||
* [[Optic atrophy]] can be seen on fundus exam | |||
* [[Icterus]] can be seen | |||
===Neck=== | ===Neck=== | ||
* Neck examination of patients with megaloblastic anemia is usually normal. | * Neck examination of patients with megaloblastic anemia is usually normal. | ||
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* ____ (finding) suggestive of cranial nerve ___ (roman numerical) deficit (e.g. Dilated pupils suggestive of CN III deficit) | * ____ (finding) suggestive of cranial nerve ___ (roman numerical) deficit (e.g. Dilated pupils suggestive of CN III deficit) | ||
*Unilateral/bilateral upper/lower extremity weakness | *Unilateral/bilateral upper/lower extremity weakness | ||
**Can proceed to [[paraplegia]] | |||
*Unilateral/bilateral sensory loss in the upper/lower extremity | *Unilateral/bilateral sensory loss in the upper/lower extremity | ||
*Positive | **Position and vibration sense is impaired | ||
* | *Abnormal gait | ||
*Positive [[Romberg's test]] | |||
*Positive [[Lhermitte's sign]] | |||
*Positive/negative Trendelenburg sign | *Positive/negative Trendelenburg sign | ||
*Unilateral/bilateral tremor | *Unilateral/bilateral tremor | ||
*Normal finger-to-nose test / Dysmetria | *Normal finger-to-nose test / Dysmetria | ||
*Absent/present dysdiadochokinesia (palm tapping test) | *Absent/present dysdiadochokinesia (palm tapping test) | ||
===Extremities=== | ===Extremities=== | ||
* Extremities examination of patients with megaloblastic anemia | * Extremities examination of patients with megaloblastic anemia may show: | ||
** [[Tremors]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 20:34, 6 August 2018
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Macrocytic anemia Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Macrocytic anemia physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Macrocytic anemia physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Macrocytic anemia physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]
Overview
Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance]. Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
OR
Common physical examination findings of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
OR
The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is diagnostic of [disease name].
OR
The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is highly suggestive of [disease name].
Physical Examination
Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
OR
Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
OR
The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is diagnostic of [disease name].
OR
The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is highly suggestive of [disease name].
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with megaloblastic anemia usually appear pale. fatigued
Vital Signs
- High-grade / low-grade fever
- Tachycardia with regular pulse
- Weak/bounding pulse / pulsus alternans / paradoxical pulse / asymmetric pulse
Skin
HEENT
- Pale Conjunctiva
- Optic atrophy can be seen on fundus exam
- Icterus can be seen
Neck
- Neck examination of patients with megaloblastic anemia is usually normal.
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with megaloblastic anemia is usually normal.
Heart
- Heave / thrill
- S1, S2 are normal.
- A low grade early systolic murmur at the mitral area can be heard using the bell/diaphgram of the stethoscope
Abdomen
- Abdominal examination of patients with megaloblastic anemia is usually normal.
Back
- Back examination of patients with megaloblastic anemia is usually normal.
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary examination of patients with megaloblastic anemia is usually normal.
Neuromuscular
- Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time
- Hyperreflexia / hyporeflexia / areflexia
- Positive (abnormal) Babinski / plantar reflex unilaterally/bilaterally
- Muscle rigidity
- Proximal/distal muscle weakness unilaterally/bilaterally
- ____ (finding) suggestive of cranial nerve ___ (roman numerical) deficit (e.g. Dilated pupils suggestive of CN III deficit)
- Unilateral/bilateral upper/lower extremity weakness
- Can proceed to paraplegia
- Unilateral/bilateral sensory loss in the upper/lower extremity
- Position and vibration sense is impaired
- Abnormal gait
- Positive Romberg's test
- Positive Lhermitte's sign
- Positive/negative Trendelenburg sign
- Unilateral/bilateral tremor
- Normal finger-to-nose test / Dysmetria
- Absent/present dysdiadochokinesia (palm tapping test)
Extremities
- Extremities examination of patients with megaloblastic anemia may show: