Iron deficiency anemia medical therapy

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

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Medical Therapy

• Iron supplementation is recommended among patients with iron deficiency anemia.
• Pharmacologic medical therapies for iron deficiency anemia include (either) oral iron supplements, parenteral iron supplements, erythropoetin and blood transfusion.

Iron deficiency anemia

• 1. Mild anemia
  • 1.1 Adults- (Hb -11.0-11.9 g/dL in women and 11.0-12.9 g/dL in men)
    • Ferrous sulfate/ferrous gluconate/ferrous fumarate PO 100mg per day for 4 weeks.
  • 1.2 Pediatrics- (Hb <9g/dl)
    • Ferrous sulfate 3mg/kg PO for 8-12 weeks.

• 2. Moderate anemia
  • 2.1- Adults( Hb 7-11g/dL)
    • Ferric carboxymaltose in a dose of 750mg ( 50mg/ml/min) IV once a week for 2-4 weeks.
  • 2.2 Paediatrics- (Hb 5-9g/dl)
    • Iron sucrose in a dose of 200mg (30mg/ml/min) IV once a week for 2-4 weeks.
• 3. Severe anemia
  • 3.1 Adults (Hb <7g/dl in individuals without co morbidities and <8g/dl in patients with heart diseases)
    • Blood transfusion- units of packed red blood cellsdepending on the Hb level
    • 2 units of blood increase 1 g/dl of Hb.
  • 3.2 Paediatrics (Hb <5g/dl)
    • Blood transfusion- Units of packed red blood cells depending on the Hb level.
    • 1 unit given over 3-4 hours.

• Iron deficient individuals need to consume iron rich diet.

• Source of iron rich foods is mentioned below:

Template:Col-2

Selected Food Sources of Heme Iron

Food	Serving size	Miligrams per serving	% DV*
Chicken liver (cooked)	3˝ ounces	12.8	70
Oysters(breaded and fried)	6 pieces	4.5	25
Beef, chuck (lean, braised)	3 ounces	3.2	20
Clams (breaded, fried)	1 cup	3.0	15
Beef tenderloin (roasted)	3 ounces	3.0	15
Turkey ( dark meat, roasted)	3˝ ounces	2.3	10
Beef, eye of round (roasted)	3 ounces	2.2	10
Turkey, light meat (roasted)	3˝ ounces	1.6	8
Chicken, leg, meat only (roasted)	3˝ ounces	1.3	6
Tuna, fresh bluefin (cooked)	3 ounces	1.1	6
Chicken breast (roasted)	3 ounces	1.1	6
Halibut (cooked)	3 ounces	0.9	6
Blue crab (cooked)	3 ounces	0.8	4
Pork loin (broiled)	3 ounces	0.8	4
Tuna white (canned in water)	3 ounces	0.8	4
Shrimp (mixed species, cooked)	4 large	0.7	4

Selected Food Sources of Nonheme Iron

Food	Serving size	Miligrams per serving	% DV*
Ready-to-eat cereal (100% iron fortified	cup	18.0	100
Oatmeal, instant, fortified (prepared with water	1 cup	10.0	60
Soybeans, mature (boiled)	1 cup	8.8	50
Lentils (boiled)	1 cup	6.6	35
Kidney beans mature (boiled)	1 cup	5.2	25
Lima beans large, mature (boiled)	1 cup	4.5	25
Navy beans mature (boiled)	1 cup	4.5	25
Ready-to-eat cereal (25% iron fortified)	1 cup	4.5	25
Black beans mature (boiled)	1 cup	3.6	20
Pinto beans mature (boiled)	1 cup	3.6	20
Molasses (blackstrap)	1 tablespoon	3.5	20
Tofu (raw, firm)	˝ cup	3.4	20
Spinach (boiled, drained)	˝ cup	3.2	20
Spinach (canned, drained solids)	˝ cup	2.5	10
Black-eyed peas (cowpeas) (boiled)	˝ cup	1.8	10
Spinach (frozen, chopped, boiled)	˝ cup	1.9	10
Grits (white, enriched	1 cup	1.5	8
Raisins (seedless, packed)	˝ cup	1.5	8
Whole wheat bread	1 slice	0.9	6
White bread (enriched)	1 slice	0.9	6