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| ==Classification== | | ==Classification== |
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| === Classification of Vascular Tumors ===
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| {{Family tree/start}}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A01 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A01= Vascular tumors}}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | }}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | | B01 | | | | | | B02 | | | | | | B03 | | | | | | | | B01=Benign|B02=Locally aggressive or borderline|B03=Malignant}}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | }}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |)| C01 | | | | |)| D01 | | | | |)| E01 | | | | | | | C01=Infantile hemangioma / Hemangioma of infancy|D01=Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma<sup>*</sup>|E01=Angiosarcoma}}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | }}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |)| C02 | | | | |)| D02 | | | | |)| E02 | | | | | | | C02=Congenital hemangioma<sup>*</sup>|D02=Retiform hemangioendothelioma|E02=Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma }}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | }}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |)| C03 | | | | |)| D03 | | | | |`| E03 | | | | | | | C03=Tufted angioma<sup>*</sup>|D03=Papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma (PILA), Dabska tumor|E03=Others}}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |)| C04 | | | | |)| D04 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C04=Spindle-cell hemangioma|D04=Composite hemangioendothelioma}}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |)| C05 | | | | |)| D05 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C05=Epithelioid hemangioma|D05=Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma}}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |)| C06 | | | | |)| D06 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C06=Pyogenic granuloma (also known as lobular capillary hemangioma)|D06=Polymorphous hemangioendothelioma}}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |)| C07 | | | | |)| D07 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C07=Others <br>Hobnail hemangioma <br>Microvenular hemangioma <br>Anastomosing hemangioma <br>Glomeruloid hemangioma <br>Papillary hemangioma <br>Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia <br>Cutaneous epithelioid angiomatous nodule <br>Acquired elastotic hemangioma <br>Littoral cell hemangioma of the spleen |D07=Hemangioendothelioma not otherwise specified}}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | |`| C08 | | | | |)| D08 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C08=Related lesions<br>Eccrine angiomatous hamartoma<br>Reactive angioendotheliomatosis<br>Bacillary angiomatosis|D08=Kaposi sarcoma}}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }}
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| {{Family tree | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |`| D09 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | D09=Others}}
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| {{Family tree/end}}
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| <sup>*</sup>congenital hemangioma (rapidly involuting type) and tufted angioma may be associated with thrombocytopenia and/or consumptive coagulopathy in some cases.
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| °many experts consider tufted angioma and kaposiform hemangioendothelioma to be part of a spectrum rather than distinct entities
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| ===Classification of Vascular Malformations=== | | ===Classification of Vascular Malformations=== |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hannan Javed, M.D.[2]
Overview
Vascular Anomalies
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Vascular Tumors
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Vascular Malformations
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Benign
Locally aggressive or
Borderline
Malignant
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Simple
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Combined°
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of major named vessels
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associated with other anomalies
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Capillary malformations
Lymphatic malformations
Venous malformations
Arteriovenous malformations*
Arteriovenous fistula*
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Capillary venous malformation , Capillary lymphatic malformation
Lymphatic venous malformation, Capillary lymphatic venous malformation
Capillary arteriovenous malformation
Capillary lymphatic arteriovenous malformation
others
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See details
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See list
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° defined as two or more vascular malformations found in one lesion
* high flow lesions
Classification
Classification of Vascular Malformations
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Vascular malformations | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | {{{ B01 }}} | | | | | | {{{ B02 }}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | {{{ B03 }}} | | | | | | {{{ B04 }}} | | | | | | |
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| | {{{ C01 }}} | | | {{{ C02 }}} | | | {{{ C03 }}} | | | {{{ C04 }}} | | | {{{ C05 }}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | {{{ D01 }}} | | | | {{{ E01 }}} | | | | {{{ F01 }}} | | | | {{{ G01 }}} | | | | {{{ H01 }}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | {{{ D02 }}} | | | | {{{ E02 }}} | | | | {{{ F02 }}} | | | | {{{ G02 }}} | | | | {{{ H02 }}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | {{{ D03 }}} | | | | {{{ E03 }}} | | | | {{{ F03 }}} | | | | {{{ G03 }}} | | | | {{{ H03 }}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | {{{ D04 }}} | | | | {{{ E04 }}} | | | | {{{ F04 }}} | | | | {{{ G04 }}} | | | | {{{ H04 }}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | {{{ D05 }}} | | | | {{{ E05 }}} | | | | {{{ F05 }}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | {{{ D06 }}} | | | | {{{ E06 }}} | | | | {{{ F06 }}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | {{{ D07 }}} | | | | {{{ E07 }}} | | | | {{{ F07 }}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | {{{ F08 }}} | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Anomalies of major named vessels
(also known as "channel type" or "truncal" vascular malformations)
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Affect
lymphatics
veins
arteries
Anomalies of
origin
course
number
length
diameter (aplasia, hypoplasia, stenosis, ectasia / aneurysm)
valves
communication (AVF)
persistence (of embryonal vessel)
Combined vascular malformations*
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CM + VM
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capillary-venous malformation
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CVM
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CM + LM
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capillary-lymphatic malformation
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CLM
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CM + AVM
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capillary-arteriovenous malformation
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CAVM
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LM + VM
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lymphatic-venous malformation
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LVM
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CM + LM + VM
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capillary-lymphatic-venous malformation
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CLVM
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CM + LM + AVM
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capillary-lymphatic-arteriovenous malformation
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CLAVM
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CM + VM + AVM
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capillary-venous-arteriovenous malformation
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CVAVM
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CM + LM + VM + AVM
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capillary-lymphatic-venous-arteriovenous m.
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CLVAVM
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Vascular malformations associated with other anomalies
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Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome *
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CM + VM +/-LM + limb overgrowth
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Parkes Weber syndrome
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CM + AVF + limb overgrowth
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Servelle-Martorell syndrome
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limb VM + bone undergrowth
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Sturge-Weber syndrome
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facial + leptomeningeal CM + eye anomalies
+/-bone and/or soft tissue overgrowth
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Limb CM + congenital non-progressive limb overgrowth
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Maffucci syndrome
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VM +/-spindle-cell hemangioma + enchondroma
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Macrocephaly-CM (M-CM / MCAP) *
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Microcephaly-CM (MICCAP)
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CLOVES syndrome *
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LM + VM + CM +/-AVM+ lipomatous overgrowth
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Proteus syndrome
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CM, VM and/or LM + asymmetrical somatic overgrowth
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Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba sd
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lower lip CM + face and neck LM + asymmetry and partial/generalized overgrowth
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Pathogenesis of xxx disease is due to:
Physiology
Medical Therapy
Naural History
Historical Perspective
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