Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diagnostic study of choice: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 16:47, 1 October 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]

Overview

Equal emphasis on both electromyogram (EMG) and clinical abnormalitie are the gold standard method for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. EMG and nerve conduction studies are most sensitive to detecting the disease and can quantify its trademark characteristic of LMN degeneration. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of the brain and spinal cord are the most useful neuroimaging technique in ALS mainly to exclude syndromes that mimic ALS.

Diagnostic Study of Choice

Study of choice

Equal emphasis on both electromyogram (EMG) and clinical abnormalitie are the gold standard method for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

EMG and nerve conduction studies are most sensitive to detecting the disease and can quantify its trademark characteristic of LMN degeneration.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of the brain and spinal cord are the most useful neuroimaging technique in ALS mainly to exclude syndromes that mimic ALS.

References

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 {{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{MMJ}}
 == Overview ==
+Equal emphasis on both [[Electromyogram|electromyogram (EMG)]] and clinical abnormalitie are the gold standard method for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [[EMG]] and [[Nerve conduction study|nerve conduction studies]] are most sensitive to detecting the disease and can quantify its trademark characteristic of [[Lower motor neuron|LMN]] degeneration. [[Magnetic resonance imaging|Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)]] studies of the [[brain]] and [[spinal cord]] are the most useful neuroimaging technique in ALS mainly to exclude syndromes that mimic ALS.
 == Diagnostic Study of Choice ==
 === Study of choice ===
-[Name of the investigation] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of [disease name].
+* Equal emphasis on both [[Electromyogram|electromyogram (EMG)]] and clinical abnormalitie are the gold standard method for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
-OR
+* [[EMG]] and [[Nerve conduction study|nerve conduction studies]] are most sensitive to detecting the disease and can quantify its trademark characteristic of [[Lower motor neuron|LMN]] degeneration.
-The following result of [gold standard test] is confirmatory of [disease name]:
+* [[Magnetic resonance imaging|Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)]] studies of the [[brain]] and [[spinal cord]] are the most useful neuroimaging technique in ALS mainly to exclude syndromes that mimic ALS.
-* [Result 1]
-* [Result 2]
-OR
-[Name of the investigation] must be performed when:
-* The patient presents with [symptom/sign 1], [symptom/sign 2], and [symptom/sign 3].
-* A [name of test] is positive for [sign 1], [sign 2], and [sign 3] in the patient.
-OR
-[Name of the investigation] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of [disease name].
-OR
-The diagnostic study of choice for [disease name] is [name of the investigation].
-OR
-There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of [disease name].
-OR
-There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of [disease name], but [disease name] can be diagnosed based on [name of the investigation 1] and [name of the investigation 2].
-OR
-[Disease name] is primarily diagnosed based on the clinical presentation.
-OR
-Investigations:
-* Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most specific test for the diagnosis.
-* Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most sensitive test for diagnosis.
-* Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most efficient test for diagnosis.
-==== The comparison of various diagnostic studies for [disease name] ====
-{|
-|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | Test
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Sensitivity
-! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Specificity
-|-
-! style="background: #696969; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Test 1
-| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...%
-| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...%
-|-
-! style="background: #696969; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Test 2
-| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...%
-| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...%
-|}
-<small> [Name of test with higher sensitivity and specificity] is the preferred investigation based on the sensitivity and specificity</small>
-===== Diagnostic results =====
-The following finding(s) on performing [investigation name] is(are) confirmatory for [disease name]:
-* [Finding 1]
-* [Finding 2]
-===== Sequence of Diagnostic Studies =====
-The [name of investigation] must be performed when:
-* The patient presented with symptoms/signs 1, 2, and 3 as the first step of diagnosis.
-* A positive [test] is detected in the patient, to confirm the diagnosis.
-OR
-The various investigations must be performed in the following order:
-* [Initial investigation]
-* [2nd investigation]
-=== Name of Diagnostic Criteria ===
-'''It is recommended that you include the criteria in a table. Make sure you always cite the source of the content and whether the table has been adapted from another source.'''
-[Disease name] is primarily diagnosed based on clinical presentation. There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
-OR
-There is no single diagnostic study of choice for [disease name], though [disease name] may be diagnosed based on [name of criteria] established by [...].
-OR
-The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
-OR
-The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
-OR
-[Disease name] may be diagnosed at any time if one or more of the following criteria are met:
-* Criteria 1
-* Criteria 2
-* Criteria 3
-OR
-'''IF there are clear, established diagnostic criteria'''
-The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
-OR
-The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which include [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
-OR
-The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [definition name] definition, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
-OR
-'''IF there are no established diagnostic criteria'''
-There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
 ==References==