Vascular anomalies: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 19:09, 8 October 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hannan Javed, M.D.[2], Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[3]

Overview

Classification

Classification of Vascular Tumors

Vascular tumors

Benign

Locally aggressive or borderline

Malignant

Infantile hemangioma / Hemangioma of infancy

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma^*

Angiosarcoma

Congenital hemangioma^*

Retiform hemangioendothelioma

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma

Tufted angioma^*

Papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma (PILA), Dabska tumor

Others

Spindle-cell hemangioma

Composite hemangioendothelioma

Epithelioid hemangioma

Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma

Pyogenic granuloma (also known as lobular capillary hemangioma)

Polymorphous hemangioendothelioma

Others
• Microvenular hemangioma
• Anastomosing hemangioma
• Glomeruloid hemangioma
• Papillary hemangioma
• Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia
• Cutaneous epithelioid angiomatous nodule
• Acquired elastotic hemangioma
• Littoral cell hemangioma of the spleen

Hemangioendothelioma not otherwise specified

'

Related lesions
• Eccrine angiomatous hamartoma
• Reactive angioendotheliomatosis
• Bacillary angiomatosis

Kaposi sarcoma

Others

^*congenital hemangioma (rapidly involuting type) and tufted angioma may be associated with thrombocytopenia and/or consumptive coagulopathy in some cases. Many experts consider tufted angioma and kaposiform hemangioendothelioma to be part of a spectrum rather than distinct entities

Classification of Vascular Malformations

Vascular malformations

Simple vascular malformations

Combined vascular malformations

Vascular malformations of major named vessels

Vascular malformations asscoiated with other anomalies

Combined vascular malformations*

CM + VM	Capillary-venous malformation	CVM
CM + LM	Capillary-lymphatic malformation	CLM
CM + AVM	Capillary-arteriovenous malformation	CAVM
LM + VM	Lymphatic-venous malformation	LVM
CM + LM + VM	Capillary-lymphatic-venous malformation	CLVM
CM + LM + AVM	Capillary-lymphatic-arteriovenous malformation	CLVM
CM + VM + AVM	Capillary-venous-arteriovenous malformation	CVAVM
CM + LM + VM + AVM	Capillary-lymphatic-venous-arteriovenous malformation	CLVAVM

Anomalies of major named vessels
(also known as "channel type" or "truncal" vascular malformations)

Affect
• Lymphatics
• Veins
• Arteries
Anomalies of
• Origin
• Course
• Number
• Diameter (aplasia, hypoplasia, stenosis, ectasia / aneurysm)
• Valves
• Communication (AVF)
• Persistence (of embryonal vessel)

Vascular malformations associated with other anomalies

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome	CM + VM +/-LM + limb overgrowth
Parke's Weber syndrome	CM + AVF + limb overgrowth
Servelle-Martorell syndrome	Limb VM + bone undergrowth
Sturge-Weber syndrome	Facial + leptomeningeal CM + eye anomalies +/-bone and/or soft tissue overgrowth
Maffucci syndrome	VM +/-spindle-cell hemangioma + enchondroma
CLOVES syndrome	LM + VM + CM +/-AVM+ lipomatous overgrowth
Proteus syndrome	CM, VM and/or LM + asymmetrical somatic overgrowth
Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba sd	lower lip CM + face and neck LM + asymmetry and partial/generalized overgrowth
Limb CM + congenital non-progressive limb overgrowth
Macrocephaly-CM (M-CM / MCAP)
Microcephaly-CM (MICCAP)

Capillary malformations (CM)

Lymphatic malformations (LM)

Venous malformations (VM)

Arteriovenous
malformation(AVM)

Arteriovenous fistula

Nevus simplex / salmon patch, “angel kiss”, “stork bite”

Common (cystic) LM
• Macrocystic LM
• Microcystic LM
• Mixed cystic LM

Common VM

Sporadic

Cutaneous and/or mucosal CM (also known as “port-wine” stain)
• Nonsyndromic CM
• CM with CNS and/or ocular anomalies (Sturge-Weber syndrome)
• CM with bone and/or soft tissues overgrowth
• Diffuse CM with overgrowth (DCMO)

Generalized lymphatic anomaly (GLA)
Kaposiform lymphangiomatosis (KLA)

Familial VM cutaneo-mucosal (VMCM)

In HHT

Reticulate CM
• CM of MIC-CAP (microcephaly-capillary malformation)
• CM of MCAP (megalencephaly-capillary malformation-polymicrogyria)

LM in Gorham-Stout disease

Blue rubber bleb nevus (Bean) syndrome VM

In CM-AVM

CM of CM-AVM

Channel type LM

Glomuvenous malformation (GVM)

Others

Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC)

“Acquired” progressive lymphatic anomaly (so called acquired progressive "lymphangioma")

Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM)

Others

Primary lymphedema

Familial intraosseous vascular malformation (VMOS)

Telangiectasia
• Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT)
• Others

Others

Verrucous venous malformation (formerly verrucous hemangioma)

Others

@@ Line 55: / Line 55: @@
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+{{Family tree | | B01 | | B02 | | B03 | | B04 | |B01=Simple vascular malformations|B02=Combined vascular malformations|B03=Vascular malformations of major named vessels|B04=Vascular malformations asscoiated with other anomalies}}
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-{{Family tree | | | |!| | | I02 | | I03 | | I04 | |I02=Combined vascular malformations*<table class="wikitable">
+{{Family tree | | |!| | | I02 | | I03 | | I04 | |I02=Combined vascular malformations*<table class="wikitable">
 <tr><td>'''CM + VM'''</td><td>Capillary-venous malformation</td><td>CVM</td></tr>
 <tr><td>'''CM + LM'''</td><td>Capillary-lymphatic malformation</td><td>CLM</td></tr>
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 <tr><td colspan="2">'''Microcephaly-CM (MICCAP)'''</td></tr>
 </table>|}}
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-{{Family tree | | | C01 | | C02 | | C03 | | C04 | | C05 | |C01=Capillary malformations (CM)|C02=Lymphatic malformations (LM)|C03=Venous malformations (VM)|C04=Arteriovenous<br>malformation(AVM)|C05=Arteriovenous fistula}}
+{{Family tree | | C01 | | C02 | | C03 | | C04 | | C05 | |C01=Capillary malformations (CM)|C02=Lymphatic malformations (LM)|C03=Venous malformations (VM)|C04=Arteriovenous<br>malformation(AVM)|C05=Arteriovenous fistula}}
-{{Family tree | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |}}
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-{{Family tree | | |)| D01 |)| E01 |)| F01 |)| G01 |)| H01 |D01=Nevus simplex / salmon patch, “angel kiss”, “stork bite”|E01=<table>
+{{Family tree | |)| D01 |)| E01 |)| F01 |)| G01 |)| H01 |D01=Nevus simplex / salmon patch, “angel kiss”, “stork bite”|E01=<table>
 <tr><td>Common (cystic) LM </td></tr>
 <tr><td>• Macrocystic  LM<td></tr>
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 <tr><td>• Mixed cystic LM<td></tr>
 </table>|F01=Common VM|G01=Sporadic|H01=Sporadic}}
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-{{Family tree | | |)| D02 |)| E02 |)| F02 |)| G02 |)| H02 |D02=<table>
+{{Family tree | |)| D02 |)| E02 |)| F02 |)| G02 |)| H02 |D02=<table>
 <tr><td>Cutaneous and/or mucosal CM (also known as “port-wine” stain) </td></tr>
 <tr><td>• Nonsyndromic CM<td></tr>
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 <tr><td>• Diffuse CM with overgrowth (DCMO) <td></tr>
 </table>|E02=Generalized lymphatic anomaly (GLA)<br>Kaposiform lymphangiomatosis (KLA)|F02=Familial VM cutaneo-mucosal (VMCM)|G02=In HHT|H02=In HHT|}}
-{{Family tree | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |}}
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-{{Family tree | | |)| D03 |)| E03 |)| F03 |)| G03 |)| H03 |D03=<table>
+{{Family tree | |)| D03 |)| E03 |)| F03 |)| G03 |)| H03 |D03=<table>
 <tr><td>Reticulate CM </td></tr>
 <tr><td>• CM of MIC-CAP (microcephaly-capillary malformation)<td></tr>
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 </table>
 |E03=LM in Gorham-Stout disease|F03=Blue rubber bleb nevus (Bean) syndrome VM|G03=In CM-AVM|H03=In CM-AVM|}}
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-{{Family tree | | |)| D04 |)| E04 |)| F04 |`| G04 |`| H04 |D04=CM of CM-AVM|E04=Channel type LM|F04=Glomuvenous malformation (GVM)|G04=Others|H04=Others|}}
+{{Family tree | |)| D04 |)| E04 |)| F04 |`| G04 |`| H04 |D04=CM of CM-AVM|E04=Channel type LM|F04=Glomuvenous malformation (GVM)|G04=Others|H04=Others|}}
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-{{Family tree | | |)| D05 |)| E05 |)| F05 | | | | | | | | |D05=Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC)|E05=“Acquired” progressive lymphatic anomaly (so called acquired progressive "lymphangioma")|F05=Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) |}}
+{{Family tree | |)| D05 |)| E05 |)| F05 | | | | | | | | |D05=Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (CMTC)|E05=“Acquired” progressive lymphatic anomaly (so called acquired progressive "lymphangioma")|F05=Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) |}}
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+{{Family tree | |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |}}
-{{Family tree | | |)| D06 |)| E06 |)| F06 | | | | | | | | |D06=Others|E06=Primary lymphedema |F06=Familial intraosseous vascular malformation (VMOS)|}}
+{{Family tree | |)| D06 |)| E06 |)| F06 | | | | | | | | |D06=Others|E06=Primary lymphedema |F06=Familial intraosseous vascular malformation (VMOS)|}}
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-{{Family tree | | |`| D07 |`| E07 |)| F07 | | | | | | | | |D07=<table>
+{{Family tree | |`| D07 |`| E07 |)| F07 | | | | | | | | |D07=<table>
 <tr><td>Telangiectasia </td></tr>
 <tr><td>• Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) <td></tr>
 <tr><td>• Others<td></tr>
 </table>|E07=Others|F07=Verrucous venous malformation (formerly verrucous hemangioma)|}}
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+{{Family tree | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |}}
-{{Family tree | | | | | | | | | | |`| F08 | | | | | | | | |F08=Others|}}
+{{Family tree | | | | | | | | | |`| F08 | | | | | | | | |F08=Others|}}
 {{Family tree/end}}

Vascular anomalies: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 19:09, 8 October 2018

Overview

Classification

Classification of Vascular Tumors

Classification of Vascular Malformations

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