Multiple myeloma x ray: Difference between revisions
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:*The vast majority of lesions seen on plain radiography are purely [[lytic]]. Lytic lesions are sharply defined and "punched-out" in appearance, with endosteal scalloping when abutting cortex. The lesions are sclerotic in only 3% of patients.<ref name="radio" /> [[File:Lytic lesion in right forearm.jpg|alt=Lytic lesions in multiple myeloma|Lytic lesions in multiple myeloma|center|frame]] | :*The vast majority of [[Lesion|lesions]] seen on plain [[radiography]] are purely [[lytic]]. [[Lytic]] [[lesions]] are sharply defined and "punched-out" in appearance, with endosteal scalloping when abutting cortex. The lesions are sclerotic in only 3% of patients.<ref name="radio" /> [[File:Lytic lesion in right forearm.jpg|alt=Lytic lesions in multiple myeloma|Lytic lesions in multiple myeloma|center|frame]] | ||
*The X-ray is the most inexpensive [[Diagnosis|diagnostic]] modality for lytic [[lesions]]. In some cases, [[MRI]] may be warranted, as [[MRI]] has a higher sensitivity than [[X-rays|X-ray]]. | |||
*The X-ray is the most inexpensive diagnostic modality for lytic lesions. In some cases, MRI may be warranted, as MRI has a higher sensitivity than X-ray. | *[[X-rays]] should be avoided in [[pregnant]] patients with [[multiple myeloma]]. [[MRI]] can be done instead. | ||
*X-rays should be avoided in pregnant patients with multiple myeloma. MRI can be done instead. | |||
*Shown below are images depicting the involvement of [[skull]] and [[spinal cord]] respectively in a case of multiple myeloma. | *Shown below are images depicting the involvement of [[skull]] and [[spinal cord]] respectively in a case of multiple myeloma. | ||
Revision as of 15:09, 15 November 2018
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Multiple myeloma Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Multiple myeloma x ray On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Multiple myeloma x ray |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Multiple myeloma x ray |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2] Shyam Patel [3]
Overview
X-ray may be helpful in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Findings on X-ray suggestive of multiple myeloma include punched out bony lesions, generalized osteopenia, and hair-on-end appearance.[1][2] In some cases, MRI may be needed if X-ray is insufficient for diagnosis.
X-ray
- Simple radiography is the current gold standard for the initial diagnosis and evaluation of lytic lesions of multiple myeloma.[1]
- The long bones and the spine must always be evaluated while the evaluation of other bones merit consideration based on the patient's symptoms.[1]
- A series of plain films, or skeletal survey, is essential in not only the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, but also in assessing response, and pre-empting potential complications (e.g. pathological fractures).
Skeletal survey
- A typical skeletal survey consists of the following films:[1]
- Lateral skull
- Frontal chest film
- Cervico-thoraco-lumbar spine
- Shoulder
- Pelvis
- Femur
- Humerus
- The vast majority of lesions seen on plain radiography are purely lytic. Lytic lesions are sharply defined and "punched-out" in appearance, with endosteal scalloping when abutting cortex. The lesions are sclerotic in only 3% of patients.[1]
Lytic lesions in multiple myeloma
- The X-ray is the most inexpensive diagnostic modality for lytic lesions. In some cases, MRI may be warranted, as MRI has a higher sensitivity than X-ray.
- X-rays should be avoided in pregnant patients with multiple myeloma. MRI can be done instead.
- Shown below are images depicting the involvement of skull and spinal cord respectively in a case of multiple myeloma.
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X ray showing hair on end appearance. -
X ray spine showing collapsed vertebrae. -
X ray spine showing increased space between 2 vertebrae suggestive of possible malignancy.
