Breast lumps risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Revision as of 15:18, 7 December 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shadan Mehraban, M.D.[3]
Risk Factors
Associated risk factors leading to female breast cancer[1]
- Age: probability of breast cancer from birth to 39 years; 1 in 202, from 40 to 59 years; 1 in 26, from 60 to 69 years; 1 in 28.
- Personal history of breast cancer
- Breast pathology: PD with atypia has greater risk of developing to breast cancer in comparison of PD.
- Family history: greater breast cancer risk in women with first degree relatives with breast cancer under 50 years old.
- Genetic predisposition
- High risk
- BRCA1
- BRCA2
- Moderate risk
- Homozygous ataxia-telangiectasia (ATM)
- Somatic mutation in CHEK2
- BRCA1 modifier gene: BRIP1
- BRCA2 modifier gene: PALB2
- Low risk
- These alleles have not designated yet.
- High risk
Endogenous hormone exposure and reproductive factors
- Early menarche;under age of 13 years
- Parity; nulliparous is associated with incresed risk of breast cancer
- Age at first full term pregnancy; younger age may decrease risk of breast cancer
- Breast feeding; decreased risk of breast cancer
- Testostrone; increased relative risk to 2.86-3.28
- Age at menopause;older menopausal age associated with greater risk of breast cancer
- long term exposure> 5 years; increases chances of breast cancer
- Time of usage;nearly menopausal age associated with development to breast cancer
Lifestyle These factors may increase risk of developing breast cancers
- Alcohol consumption; even as 5.0 to 9.9 per day, approximately 3 to 6 drinks per week, developed with relative risk 1.15
- Inactivity
- Obesity; BMI:25-29.9 and BMI>30 have relative risk about 1.28
- Previous history of radiation;at the age< 35years old
References
- ↑ Shah R, Rosso K, Nathanson SD (2014). "Pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer". World J Clin Oncol. 5 (3): 283–98. doi:10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.283. PMC 4127601. PMID 25114845.