Pneumomediastinum causes: Difference between revisions

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| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| Inhalation of varnish fumes.
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| '''Drug Side Effect'''
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| Amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity.
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| '''Iatrogenic'''
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| Interventions in the tracheobronchial tree or GI tract such as endoscopies, intubation/extubation, surgical intervention such as thyroidectomy, tracheostomy.
|-
|-
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| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| Tuberculosis, mycoplasma pneumonia, influenza pneumonia.
|-
|-
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| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| Dermatomyoscitis.
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| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Asthma]] , [[Mycoplasma pneumoniae]] [[pneumonia]], Pulmonary [[barotrauma]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Asthma]] , Pulmonary [[barotrauma]] , COPD.
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| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| Blunt or penetrating truma to the chest or abdomen.
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| '''Dental'''
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| Tooth extraction.
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| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia]], [[Obesity]] Breathing Machines
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Anorexia]], [[Obesity]] Breathing Machines, ascend/descend injury during deep sea diving.
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Revision as of 16:44, 11 December 2018

Pneumomediastinum Microchapters

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Overview

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Differentiating Pneumomediastinum from other Diseases

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jacquelyne DiTroia

Overview

Causes

It is most commonly caused by:

  • Asthma or other conditions leading to alveolar rupture
  • Esophageal perforation
  • Esophageal or bowel rupture
  • Use of Breathing Machines
  • Excess coughing, sneezing, vomiting

It has also been associated with:

It can be induced to assist thoracoscopic surgery.[3]

It can be caused by a pulmonary barotrauma resulting when a person moves to or from a higher pressure environment, such as when a Scuba diver[4][5], a free-diver[6] or an airplane passenger[7] ascends or descends.


Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning Inhalation of varnish fumes.
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity.
Ear Nose Throat Esophageal perforation , Oesophageal rupture, Boerhaave syndrome
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic Interventions in the tracheobronchial tree or GI tract such as endoscopies, intubation/extubation, surgical intervention such as thyroidectomy, tracheostomy.
Infectious Disease Tuberculosis, mycoplasma pneumonia, influenza pneumonia.
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Dermatomyoscitis.
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Asthma , Pulmonary barotrauma , COPD.
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Blunt or penetrating truma to the chest or abdomen.
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental Tooth extraction.
Miscellaneous Anorexia, Obesity Breathing Machines, ascend/descend injury during deep sea diving.

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

  1. ↑ Vázquez JL, Vázquez I, González ML, García-Tejedor JL, Repáraz A (2007). "Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax as presenting signs in severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia". doi:10.1007/s00247-007-0611-1. PMID 17899058.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hatzitolios A, Ntaios G (2007). "Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum May Be Associated with Both Anorexia Nervosa and Obesity". doi:10.1007/s00408-007-9037-7. PMID 17909893.
  3. ↑ Utsumi T, Shiono H, Fukai I, Akashi A (2007). "Artificial pneumomediastinum facilitates thoracoscopic surgery in anterior mediastinum". Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery. 6 (3): 411–2. doi:10.1510/icvts.2006.147355. PMID 17669882.
  4. ↑ Tetzlaff K, Reuter M (1998). "Recurrent pulmonary barotrauma (PBT) in a previously healthy male scuba diver who suffered from repeated pneumomediastinum after shallow-water scuba dives". Undersea Hyperb Med. 25 (2): 127–8. PMID 9670439. Retrieved 2008-06-05.
  5. ↑ Dr. Richard Moon, Diver's Alert Network Vice President and Medical Director, http://www.diversalertnetwork.org/medical/articles/article.asp?articleid=40
  6. ↑ Jacobson FL, Loring SH, Ferrigno M (2006). "Pneumomediastinum after lung packing". Undersea Hyperb Med. 33 (5): 313–6. PMID 17091828. Retrieved 2008-06-05.
  7. ↑ Nicol E, Davies G, Jayakumar P, Green ND (2007). "Pneumopericardium and pneumomediastinum in a passenger on a commercial flight". Aviat Space Environ Med. 78 (4): 435–9. PMID 17484349. Retrieved 2008-06-05. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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