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{{Infobox_gene}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
'''Double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''ADARB1'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid9143496">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mittaz L, Scott HS, Rossier C, Seeburg PH, Higuchi M, Antonarakis SE | title = Cloning of a human RNA editing deaminase (ADARB1) of glutamate receptors that maps to chromosome 21q22.3 | journal = Genomics | volume = 41 | issue = 2 | pages = 210–7 |date=Jul 1997| pmid = 9143496 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1006/geno.1997.4655 }}</ref><ref name="pmid14759252">{{cite journal | vauthors = Keegan LP, Leroy A, Sproul D, O'Connell MA | title = Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs): RNA-editing enzymes | journal = Genome Biol | volume = 5 | issue = 2 | pages = 209 |date=Feb 2004| pmid = 14759252 | pmc = 395743 | doi = 10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-209 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ADARB1 adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific, B1 (RED1 homolog rat)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=104| accessdate = }}</ref>
'''Double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''ADARB1'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid9143496">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mittaz L, Scott HS, Rossier C, Seeburg PH, Higuchi M, Antonarakis SE | title = Cloning of a human RNA editing deaminase (ADARB1) of glutamate receptors that maps to chromosome 21q22.3 | journal = Genomics | volume = 41 | issue = 2 | pages = 210–7 | date = April 1997 | pmid = 9143496 | pmc =  | doi = 10.1006/geno.1997.4655 }}</ref><ref name="pmid14759252">{{cite journal | vauthors = Keegan LP, Leroy A, Sproul D, O'Connell MA | title = Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs): RNA-editing enzymes | journal = Genome Biology | volume = 5 | issue = 2 | pages = 209 | date = Feb 2004 | pmid = 14759252 | pmc = 395743 | doi = 10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-209 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ADARB1 adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific, B1 (RED1 homolog rat)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=104| access-date = }}</ref>


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =  
| summary_text = This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for pre-mRNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunit B by site-specific deamination of adenosines. Studies in rats found that this enzyme acted on its own pre-mRNA molecules to convert an AA dinucleotide to an AI dinucleotide which resulted in a new splice site. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants, some of which have been characterized by the presence or absence of an ALU cassette insert and a short or long C-terminal region.<ref name="entrez"/>
}}


ADAR2 requires the small molecule [[inositol hexakisphosphate]] (IP<sub>6</sub>) for proper function.<ref name="pmid16141067">{{cite journal | vauthors = Macbeth MR, Schubert HL, Vandemark AP, Lingam AT, Hill CP, Bass BL | title = Inositol hexakisphosphate is bound in the ADAR2 core and required for RNA editing | journal = Science | volume = 309 | pages = 1534–39 |date=Sep 2005| pmid = 16141067 | doi = 10.1126/science.1113150 | issue = 5740 | pmc = 1850959 }}</ref>
This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for pre-mRNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunit B by site-specific deamination of adenosines. Studies in rats found that this enzyme acted on its own pre-mRNA molecules to convert an AA dinucleotide to an AI dinucleotide which resulted in a new splice site. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants, some of which have been characterized by the presence or absence of an ALU cassette insert and a short or long C-terminal region.<ref name="entrez"/>


==References==
ADARB1 (ADAR2) requires the small molecule [[inositol hexakisphosphate]] (IP<sub>6</sub>) for proper function.<ref name="pmid16141067">{{cite journal | vauthors = Macbeth MR, Schubert HL, Vandemark AP, Lingam AT, Hill CP, Bass BL | title = Inositol hexakisphosphate is bound in the ADAR2 core and required for RNA editing | journal = Science | volume = 309 | issue = 5740 | pages = 1534–9 | date = September 2005 | pmid = 16141067 | pmc = 1850959 | doi = 10.1126/science.1113150 }}</ref> ADAR2 is an A-to-I [[RNA editing|RNA-editing]] enzyme that mostly acts on protein-coding substrates.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Licht K, Jantsch MF | title = Rapid and dynamic transcriptome regulation by RNA editing and RNA modifications | journal = The Journal of Cell Biology | volume = 213 | issue = 1 | pages = 15–22 | date = April 2016 | pmid = 27044895 | pmc = 4828693 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.201511041 }}</ref>
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==External links==
== Further reading ==
* {{UCSC gene info|ADARB1}}
 
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C, Jacotot E, Lluis C, Hovanessian AG, Franco R | title = HIV-1 envelope gp120 and viral particles block adenosine deaminase binding to human CD26 | journal = Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology | volume = 421 | issue =  | pages = 185–92 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9330696 | doi = 10.1007/978-1-4757-9613-1_24 }}
| citations =
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Melcher T, Maas S, Herb A, Sprengel R, Seeburg PH, Higuchi M | title = A mammalian RNA editing enzyme | journal = Nature | volume = 379 | issue = 6564 | pages = 460–4 | date = February 1996 | pmid = 8559253 | doi = 10.1038/379460a0 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C |title=HIV-1 envelope gp120 and viral particles block adenosine deaminase binding to human CD26. |journal=Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. |volume=421 |issue=  |pages= 185–92 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9330696 |doi= 10.1007/978-1-4757-9613-1_24|display-authors=etal}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = O'Connell MA, Gerber A, Keller W | title = Purification of human double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 (hRED1) involved in editing of brain glutamate receptor B pre-mRNA | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 272 | issue = 1 | pages = 473–8 | date = January 1997 | pmid = 8995285 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.1.473 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Melcher T, Maas S, Herb A |title=A mammalian RNA editing enzyme. |journal=Nature |volume=379 |issue= 6564 |pages= 460–4 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8559253 |doi= 10.1038/379460a0 |display-authors=etal}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C, Jacotot E, Lluis C, Hovanessian AG, Franco R | title = Adenosine deaminase binding to human CD26 is inhibited by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 and viral particles | journal = Journal of Immunology | volume = 158 | issue = 8 | pages = 3721–9 | date = April 1997 | pmid = 9103436 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=O'Connell MA, Gerber A, Keller W |title=Purification of human double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 (hRED1) involved in editing of brain glutamate receptor B pre-mRNA. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 1 |pages= 473–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8995285 |doi=10.1074/jbc.272.1.473 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lai F, Chen CX, Carter KC, Nishikura K | title = Editing of glutamate receptor B subunit ion channel RNAs by four alternatively spliced DRADA2 double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminases | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 17 | issue = 5 | pages = 2413–24 | date = May 1997 | pmid = 9111310 | pmc = 232090 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Valenzuela A, Blanco J, Callebaut C |title=Adenosine deaminase binding to human CD26 is inhibited by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 and viral particles. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=158 |issue= 8 |pages= 3721–9 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9103436 |doi=  |display-authors=etal}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yang JH, Sklar P, Axel R, Maniatis T | title = Purification and characterization of a human RNA adenosine deaminase for glutamate receptor B pre-mRNA editing | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 94 | issue = 9 | pages = 4354–9 | date = April 1997 | pmid = 9113993 | pmc = 20726 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.94.9.4354 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Lai F, Chen CX, Carter KC, Nishikura K |title=Editing of glutamate receptor B subunit ion channel RNAs by four alternatively spliced DRADA2 double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminases. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=17 |issue= 5 |pages= 2413–24 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9111310 |doi= | pmc=232090 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Gerber A, O'Connell MA, Keller W | title = Two forms of human double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 (hRED1) generated by the insertion of an Alu cassette | journal = RNA | volume = 3 | issue = 5 | pages = 453–63 | date = May 1997 | pmid = 9149227 | pmc = 1369496 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Yang JH, Sklar P, Axel R, Maniatis T |title=Purification and characterization of a human RNA adenosine deaminase for glutamate receptor B pre-mRNA editing. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=94 |issue= 9 |pages= 4354–9 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9113993 |doi=10.1073/pnas.94.9.4354 | pmc=20726  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Villard L, Tassone F, Haymowicz M, Welborn R, Gardiner K | title = Map location, genomic organization and expression patterns of the human RED1 RNA editase | journal = Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics | volume = 23 | issue = 2 | pages = 135–45 | date = March 1997 | pmid = 9330641 | doi = 10.1007/BF02679972 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Gerber A, O'Connell MA, Keller W |title=Two forms of human double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 (hRED1) generated by the insertion of an Alu cassette. |journal=RNA |volume=3 |issue= 5 |pages= 453–63 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9149227 |doi= | pmc=1369496 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Blanco J, Valenzuela A, Herrera C, Lluís C, Hovanessian AG, Franco R | title = The HIV-1 gp120 inhibits the binding of adenosine deaminase to CD26 by a mechanism modulated by CD4 and CXCR4 expression | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 477 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 123–8 | date = July 2000 | pmid = 10899322 | doi = 10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01751-8 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Villard L, Tassone F, Haymowicz M |title=Map location, genomic organization and expression patterns of the human RED1 RNA editase. |journal=Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. |volume=23 |issue= 2 |pages= 135–45 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9330641 |doi=10.1007/BF02679972 |display-authors=etal}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Herrera C, Morimoto C, Blanco J, Mallol J, Arenzana F, Lluis C, Franco R | title = Comodulation of CXCR4 and CD26 in human lymphocytes | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 276 | issue = 22 | pages = 19532–9 | date = June 2001 | pmid = 11278278 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M004586200 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Hattori M, Fujiyama A, Taylor TD |title=The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21. |journal=Nature |volume=405 |issue= 6784 |pages= 311–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10830953 |doi= 10.1038/35012518 |display-authors=etal}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Maas S, Patt S, Schrey M, Rich A | title = Underediting of glutamate receptor GluR-B mRNA in malignant gliomas | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 98 | issue = 25 | pages = 14687–92 | date = December 2001 | pmid = 11717408 | pmc = 64742 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.251531398 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Blanco J, Valenzuela A, Herrera C |title=The HIV-1 gp120 inhibits the binding of adenosine deaminase to CD26 by a mechanism modulated by CD4 and CXCR4 expression. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=477 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 123–8 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10899322 |doi=10.1016/S0014-5793(00)01751-8 |display-authors=etal}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Jayan GC, Casey JL | title = Increased RNA editing and inhibition of hepatitis delta virus replication by high-level expression of ADAR1 and ADAR2 | journal = Journal of Virology | volume = 76 | issue = 8 | pages = 3819–27 | date = April 2002 | pmid = 11907222 | pmc = 136091 | doi = 10.1128/JVI.76.8.3819-3827.2002 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Herrera C, Morimoto C, Blanco J |title=Comodulation of CXCR4 and CD26 in human lymphocytes. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 22 |pages= 19532–9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11278278 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M004586200 |display-authors=etal}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Jaikaran DC, Collins CH, MacMillan AM | title = Adenosine to inosine editing by ADAR2 requires formation of a ternary complex on the GluR-B R/G site | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 277 | issue = 40 | pages = 37624–9 | date = October 2002 | pmid = 12163487 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M204126200 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Maas S, Patt S, Schrey M, Rich A |title=Underediting of glutamate receptor GluR-B mRNA in malignant gliomas. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=98 |issue= 25 |pages= 14687–92 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11717408 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.251531398 | pmc=64742 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Jayan GC, Casey JL | title = Inhibition of hepatitis delta virus RNA editing by short inhibitory RNA-mediated knockdown of ADAR1 but not ADAR2 expression | journal = Journal of Virology | volume = 76 | issue = 23 | pages = 12399–404 | date = December 2002 | pmid = 12414985 | pmc = 136899 | doi = 10.1128/JVI.76.23.12399-12404.2002 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Jayan GC, Casey JL |title=Increased RNA editing and inhibition of hepatitis delta virus replication by high-level expression of ADAR1 and ADAR2. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=76 |issue= 8 |pages= 3819–27 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11907222 |doi=10.1128/JVI.76.8.3819-3827.2002 | pmc=136091  }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Slavov D, Gardiner K | title = Phylogenetic comparison of the pre-mRNA adenosine deaminase ADAR2 genes and transcripts: conservation and diversity in editing site sequence and alternative splicing patterns | journal = Gene | volume = 299 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 83–94 | date = October 2002 | pmid = 12459255 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01016-8 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Jaikaran DC, Collins CH, MacMillan AM |title=Adenosine to inosine editing by ADAR2 requires formation of a ternary complex on the GluR-B R/G site. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 40 |pages= 37624–9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12163487 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M204126200 }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Jayan GC, Casey JL |title=Inhibition of hepatitis delta virus RNA editing by short inhibitory RNA-mediated knockdown of ADAR1 but not ADAR2 expression. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=76 |issue= 23 |pages= 12399–404 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12414985 |doi=10.1128/JVI.76.23.12399-12404.2002 | pmc=136899  }}
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Slavov D, Gardiner K |title=Phylogenetic comparison of the pre-mRNA adenosine deaminase ADAR2 genes and transcripts: conservation and diversity in editing site sequence and alternative splicing patterns. |journal=Gene |volume=299 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 83–94 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12459255 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01016-8 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899  | pmc=139241 |display-authors=etal}}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}
== External links ==
* {{UCSC gene info|ADARB1}}


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{{Enzymes}}
{{Enzymes}}
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{{Portal bar|Molecular and Cellular Biology|border=no}}
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[[Category:EC 3.5]]
[[Category:EC 3.5]]

Revision as of 01:14, 28 November 2018

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Identifiers
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External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
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Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADARB1 gene.[1][2][3]

Function

This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for pre-mRNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunit B by site-specific deamination of adenosines. Studies in rats found that this enzyme acted on its own pre-mRNA molecules to convert an AA dinucleotide to an AI dinucleotide which resulted in a new splice site. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants, some of which have been characterized by the presence or absence of an ALU cassette insert and a short or long C-terminal region.[3]

ADARB1 (ADAR2) requires the small molecule inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) for proper function.[4] ADAR2 is an A-to-I RNA-editing enzyme that mostly acts on protein-coding substrates.[5]

References

  1. ↑ Mittaz L, Scott HS, Rossier C, Seeburg PH, Higuchi M, Antonarakis SE (April 1997). "Cloning of a human RNA editing deaminase (ADARB1) of glutamate receptors that maps to chromosome 21q22.3". Genomics. 41 (2): 210–7. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4655. PMID 9143496.
  2. ↑ Keegan LP, Leroy A, Sproul D, O'Connell MA (Feb 2004). "Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs): RNA-editing enzymes". Genome Biology. 5 (2): 209. doi:10.1186/gb-2004-5-2-209. PMC 395743. PMID 14759252.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: ADARB1 adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific, B1 (RED1 homolog rat)".
  4. ↑ Macbeth MR, Schubert HL, Vandemark AP, Lingam AT, Hill CP, Bass BL (September 2005). "Inositol hexakisphosphate is bound in the ADAR2 core and required for RNA editing". Science. 309 (5740): 1534–9. doi:10.1126/science.1113150. PMC 1850959. PMID 16141067.
  5. ↑ Licht K, Jantsch MF (April 2016). "Rapid and dynamic transcriptome regulation by RNA editing and RNA modifications". The Journal of Cell Biology. 213 (1): 15–22. doi:10.1083/jcb.201511041. PMC 4828693. PMID 27044895.

Further reading

External links


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