Lymphadenopathy natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Natural History== | ==Natural History== | ||
The natural course of lymphadenopathy depends on the underlying cause. Lymphadenopathy due to infectious causes subsides once the infection is controlled. | The natural course of lymphadenopathy depends on the underlying cause. Lymphadenopathy due to infectious causes subsides once the infection is controlled. | ||
== Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | |||
*Patients with lymphadenopathy may be symptomatic or asymptomatic, depending on the aetiology.<ref name="pmid24753638">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |year=2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Early clinical features include palpable [[tenderness]], pain, and [[fever]].<ref name="AA">Lymph node enlargment. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_node Accessed on May 9, 2016</ref> | |||
*Common complications of lymphadenopathy, include:<ref name="AA">Lymph node enlargment. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_node Accessed on May 9, 2016</ref> | |||
'''Mediastinal lymphadenopathy''' | |||
* [[Superior vena cava syndrome]] | |||
**[[Tracheal]] and bronchial obstruction | |||
** [[Dysphagia]] | |||
** [[Hemoptysis]] | |||
* [[Uric acid nephropathy]] | |||
* [[Hyperkalemia]] | |||
* [[Hypercalcemia]] | |||
* [[Hypocalcemia]] | |||
* [[Hyperphosphatemia]] | |||
* [[Renal failure]] | |||
'''Abdominal lymphadenopathy''' | |||
* [[Intestinal obstruction]] | |||
'''Superficial lymphadenopathy''' | |||
* [[Abscess]] formation | |||
* [[Cellulitis]] | |||
* [[Fistulas]] (seen in lymphadenitis that is due to [[tuberculosis]]) | |||
* [[Sepsis]] | |||
*Prognosis will depend on the aetiology of the underlying disease. | |||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
* Mediastinal lymphadenopathy causes pressure symptoms like: | * Mediastinal lymphadenopathy causes pressure symptoms like: | ||
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** [[Fistulas]] (seen in lymphadenitis that is due to [[tuberculosis]]) | ** [[Fistulas]] (seen in lymphadenitis that is due to [[tuberculosis]]) | ||
** [[Sepsis]] (bloodstream infection) | ** [[Sepsis]] (bloodstream infection) | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
Prompt treatment with antibiotics usually leads to a complete recovery. However, it may take weeks, or even months, for swelling to disappear. The amount of time to recovery depends on the cause. Prognosis is poor for [[malignant]] tumors. | Prompt treatment with antibiotics usually leads to a complete recovery. However, it may take weeks, or even months, for swelling to disappear. The amount of time to recovery depends on the cause. Prognosis is poor for [[malignant]] tumors. | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Natural History
The natural course of lymphadenopathy depends on the underlying cause. Lymphadenopathy due to infectious causes subsides once the infection is controlled.
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
- Patients with lymphadenopathy may be symptomatic or asymptomatic, depending on the aetiology.[1]
- Early clinical features include palpable tenderness, pain, and fever.[2]
- Common complications of lymphadenopathy, include:[2]
Mediastinal lymphadenopathy
- Superior vena cava syndrome
- Tracheal and bronchial obstruction
- Dysphagia
- Hemoptysis
- Uric acid nephropathy
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Renal failure
Abdominal lymphadenopathy
Superficial lymphadenopathy
- Abscess formation
- Cellulitis
- Fistulas (seen in lymphadenitis that is due to tuberculosis)
- Sepsis
- Prognosis will depend on the aetiology of the underlying disease.
Complications
- Mediastinal lymphadenopathy causes pressure symptoms like:
- Superior vena cava syndrome
- Tracheal and bronchial obstruction
- Dysphagia
- Hemoptysis
- Uric acid nephropathy
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypocalcemia
- Hyperphosphatemia
- Renal failure
- Abdominal lymphadenopathy can cause
- Superficial lymphadenopathy can cause
- Abscess formation
- Cellulitis (a skin infection)
- Fistulas (seen in lymphadenitis that is due to tuberculosis)
- Sepsis (bloodstream infection)
Prognosis
Prompt treatment with antibiotics usually leads to a complete recovery. However, it may take weeks, or even months, for swelling to disappear. The amount of time to recovery depends on the cause. Prognosis is poor for malignant tumors.
References
- ↑ Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A (2014). "Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools". Iran J Med Sci. 39 (2 Suppl): 158–70. PMC 3993046. PMID 24753638.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lymph node enlargment. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymph_node Accessed on May 9, 2016