Lymphadenopathy: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 49: | Line 49: | ||
===Imaging Findings=== | ===Imaging Findings=== | ||
'''CT''' | '''CT''' | ||
*On CT, characteristic findings of lymphadenopathy, include:<ref name="pmid24753638">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |year=2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="radio">Lymph node enlargment. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lymph-node-enlargement Accessed on May 9, 2016 </ref><ref name="pmid10670052">{{cite journal |vauthors=van den Brekel MW, Castelijns JA |title=Imaging of lymph nodes in the neck |journal=Semin Roentgenol |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=42–53 |date=January 2000 |pmid=10670052 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11264102">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sumi M, Ohki M, Nakamura T |title=Comparison of sonography and CT for differentiating benign from malignant cervical lymph nodes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=176 |issue=4 |pages=1019–24 |date=April 2001 |pmid=11264102 |doi=10.2214/ajr.176.4.1761019 |url=}}</ref> | *On CT, characteristic findings of lymphadenopathy, include:<ref name="pmid24753638">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A |title=Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools |journal=Iran J Med Sci |volume=39 |issue=2 Suppl |pages=158–70 |year=2014 |pmid=24753638 |pmc=3993046 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="radio">Lymph node enlargment. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lymph-node-enlargement Accessed on May 9, 2016 </ref><ref name="pmid10670052">{{cite journal |vauthors=van den Brekel MW, Castelijns JA |title=Imaging of lymph nodes in the neck |journal=Semin Roentgenol |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=42–53 |date=January 2000 |pmid=10670052 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11264102">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sumi M, Ohki M, Nakamura T |title=Comparison of sonography and CT for differentiating benign from malignant cervical lymph nodes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck |journal=AJR Am J Roentgenol |volume=176 |issue=4 |pages=1019–24 |date=April 2001 |pmid=11264102 |doi=10.2214/ajr.176.4.1761019 |url=}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 17:58, 24 January 2019
|
Lymphadenopathy Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Lymphadenopathy On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Lymphadenopathy |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1],Shyam Patel [2];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[3], Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [4]
Synonyms and keywords: Lymph nodes enlarged; Enlarged lymph nodes; Lymphadenitis; Swollen lymph nodes; Swollen/enlarged lymph nodes
For patient information, click here
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Lymphadenopathy from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic criteria | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X-Ray Findings | Echocardiography and Ultrasound | CT-Scan Findings | MRI Findings | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Causes
Differentiating Lymphadenopathy from other Diseases
- Lymphadenopathy must be differentiated from syphilis, which may present as fever, myalgias, weight loss, and lymph node enlargement.[1]
Risk Factors
- The most common risk factors in the development of lymphadenopathy, include:
- Local soft-tissue infections
- Upper respiratory tract infection
- Foreign travel
Imaging Findings
CT
- The upper limit in size of a normal node varies with location.
PET/CT
- On PET/CT, lymphadenopathy can be further assessed via quantitation of FDG uptake, which is a surrogate of metabolic activity. Infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic processes will show high FDG avidity on PET/CT. PET/CT is particularly useful for assessing response of lymph nodes to systemic chemotherapy.
MRI
- MRI is the most anatomically precise test for assessing lymphadenopathy. MRI is particularly useful for intraabdominal lymphadenopathy, which cannot be readily palpated via physical examination. MRI is more expensive than CT scan, so CT is preferred in general unless the clinical need for MRI arises.
Treatment
- There is no treatment for lymphadenopathy; the mainstay of therapy is treating the underlying condition.[2]
- Infectious lymphadenopathy responds well to prompt treatment with antibiotics, and usually leads to a complete recovery. However, it may take months, for swelling to disappear. The amount of time to recovery depends on the cause.
- Neoplastic (malignant) lymphadenopathy usually responds well to systemic chemotherapy.
References
- ↑ Deschenes J, Seamone CD, Baines MG (1992). "Acquired ocular syphilis: diagnosis and treatment". Ann Ophthalmol. 24 (4): 134–8. PMID 1590633.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mohseni S, Shojaiefard A, Khorgami Z, Alinejad S, Ghorbani A, Ghafouri A (2014). "Peripheral lymphadenopathy: approach and diagnostic tools". Iran J Med Sci. 39 (2 Suppl): 158–70. PMC 3993046. PMID 24753638.
- ↑ Lymph node enlargment. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/lymph-node-enlargement Accessed on May 9, 2016
- ↑ van den Brekel MW, Castelijns JA (January 2000). "Imaging of lymph nodes in the neck". Semin Roentgenol. 35 (1): 42–53. PMID 10670052.
- ↑ Sumi M, Ohki M, Nakamura T (April 2001). "Comparison of sonography and CT for differentiating benign from malignant cervical lymph nodes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 176 (4): 1019–24. doi:10.2214/ajr.176.4.1761019. PMID 11264102.