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==Primary Prevention== | ==Primary Prevention== | ||
*The 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) finasteride and dutasteride improve lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), by blocking the conversion of testosterone to the more potent androgen dihydrotestosterone. | |||
*Two randomized trials have shown a reduced risk of prostate cancer in men receiving 5-ARIs, concerns were raised about a possible increased risk of high-grade prostate cancers. | |||
*Swedish population-based cohort study of all men over the age of 40 who had at least one prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test in Stockholm County between 2007 and 2015, men who were prescribed a 5-ARI had a decreased risk for prostate cancer, and the effect was larger with longer duration of exposure<ref name="pmid29548030">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wallerstedt A, Strom P, Gronberg H, Nordstrom T, Eklund M |title=Risk of Prostate Cancer in Men Treated With 5α-Reductase Inhibitors-A Large Population-Based Prospective Study |journal=J. Natl. Cancer Inst. |volume=110 |issue=11 |pages=1216–1221 |date=November 2018 |pmid=29548030 |doi=10.1093/jnci/djy036 |url=}}</ref>. | |||
*The reduction was limited to patients with prostate cancers with Gleason score 6 to 7; there was no impact on the risk of higher-grade disease (Gleason score 8 to 10). These data provide some reassurance that treatment with a 5-ARI for lower urinary tract symptoms is safe with regard to prostate cancer risk, but long-term follow-up data demonstrating improved survival are needed to determine the role of 5-ARIs as chemopreventive agents. | |||
Effective measures for the primary prevention of prostate cancer include: | Effective measures for the primary prevention of prostate cancer include: | ||
* Healthy [[diet]] | * Healthy [[diet]] | ||
Revision as of 18:59, 5 March 2019
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Musadiq Ali M.B.B.S.[2]
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Overview
Effective measures for the primary prevention of prostate cancer include healthy diet and maintaining healthy weight.
Primary Prevention
- The 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) finasteride and dutasteride improve lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), by blocking the conversion of testosterone to the more potent androgen dihydrotestosterone.
- Two randomized trials have shown a reduced risk of prostate cancer in men receiving 5-ARIs, concerns were raised about a possible increased risk of high-grade prostate cancers.
- Swedish population-based cohort study of all men over the age of 40 who had at least one prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test in Stockholm County between 2007 and 2015, men who were prescribed a 5-ARI had a decreased risk for prostate cancer, and the effect was larger with longer duration of exposure[1].
- The reduction was limited to patients with prostate cancers with Gleason score 6 to 7; there was no impact on the risk of higher-grade disease (Gleason score 8 to 10). These data provide some reassurance that treatment with a 5-ARI for lower urinary tract symptoms is safe with regard to prostate cancer risk, but long-term follow-up data demonstrating improved survival are needed to determine the role of 5-ARIs as chemopreventive agents.
Effective measures for the primary prevention of prostate cancer include:
- Healthy diet
- Low-fat diet
- More fruits and vegetables
- Healthy weight
References
- ↑ Wallerstedt A, Strom P, Gronberg H, Nordstrom T, Eklund M (November 2018). "Risk of Prostate Cancer in Men Treated With 5α-Reductase Inhibitors-A Large Population-Based Prospective Study". J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 110 (11): 1216–1221. doi:10.1093/jnci/djy036. PMID 29548030.