Thyroid adenoma other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | |||
{{Thyroid adenoma}} | |||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{RAK}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
The most important diagnostic test to differentiate thyroid adenoma from other nodules is [[Fine needle aspiration|fine needle aspiration (FNA)]]. | |||
==Other Diagnostic Studies== | |||
The most important diagnostic test to differentiate thyroid adenoma from other nodules is [[Fine needle aspiration|fine needle aspiration (FNA)]]. | |||
As [[FNA]] is considered as an aggressive procedure, the American Thyroid Association developed the following criteria for [[FNA]] indication:<ref name="pmid16778391">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chang SH, Joo M, Kim H |title=Fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules in children and adolescents |journal=J. Korean Med. Sci. |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=469–73 |year=2006 |pmid=16778391 |pmc=2729953 |doi=10.3346/jkms.2006.21.3.469 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid10640894">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hung W |title=Solitary thyroid nodules in 93 children and adolescents. a 35-years experience |journal=Horm. Res. |volume=52 |issue=1 |pages=15–8 |year=1999 |pmid=10640894 |doi=23426 |url=}}</ref> | |||
* Nodules ≥ 1 cm with intermediate or high suspicion [[ultrasound]] pattern | |||
* Nodules ≥ 1.5 cm with low suspicion [[ultrasound]] pattern | |||
* Nodules ≥ 2 cm with very low suspicion [[ultrasound]] pattern (e.g., spongiform) | |||
For nodules that do not meet the above criteria, [[FNA]] is not required, including nodules < 1 cm (with some exceptions) and purely [[Cyst|cystic nodules]].<ref name="pmid264629672">{{cite journal |vauthors=Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, Doherty GM, Mandel SJ, Nikiforov YE, Pacini F, Randolph GW, Sawka AM, Schlumberger M, Schuff KG, Sherman SI, Sosa JA, Steward DL, Tuttle RM, Wartofsky L |title=2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer |journal=Thyroid |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–133 |year=2016 |pmid=26462967 |pmc=4739132 |doi=10.1089/thy.2015.0020 |url=}}</ref> | |||
Criteria for [[ultrasound]]-guided [[FNA]]:<ref name="pmid26462967">{{cite journal |vauthors=Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, Doherty GM, Mandel SJ, Nikiforov YE, Pacini F, Randolph GW, Sawka AM, Schlumberger M, Schuff KG, Sherman SI, Sosa JA, Steward DL, Tuttle RM, Wartofsky L |title=2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer |journal=Thyroid |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–133 |year=2016 |pmid=26462967 |pmc=4739132 |doi=10.1089/thy.2015.0020 |url=}}</ref> | |||
* A higher likelihood of either a nondiagnostic [[cytology]] (>25–50% [[cystic]] component) | |||
* A higher likelihood of [[sampling error]]: | |||
** Difficult to palpate nodules | |||
** Posteriorly located nodules | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
Latest revision as of 00:05, 4 April 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Roukoz A. Karam, M.D.[2]
Overview
The most important diagnostic test to differentiate thyroid adenoma from other nodules is fine needle aspiration (FNA).
Other Diagnostic Studies
The most important diagnostic test to differentiate thyroid adenoma from other nodules is fine needle aspiration (FNA).
As FNA is considered as an aggressive procedure, the American Thyroid Association developed the following criteria for FNA indication:[1][2]
- Nodules ≥ 1 cm with intermediate or high suspicion ultrasound pattern
- Nodules ≥ 1.5 cm with low suspicion ultrasound pattern
- Nodules ≥ 2 cm with very low suspicion ultrasound pattern (e.g., spongiform)
For nodules that do not meet the above criteria, FNA is not required, including nodules < 1 cm (with some exceptions) and purely cystic nodules.[3]
Criteria for ultrasound-guided FNA:[4]
- A higher likelihood of either a nondiagnostic cytology (>25–50% cystic component)
- A higher likelihood of sampling error:
- Difficult to palpate nodules
- Posteriorly located nodules
References
- ↑ Chang SH, Joo M, Kim H (2006). "Fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules in children and adolescents". J. Korean Med. Sci. 21 (3): 469–73. doi:10.3346/jkms.2006.21.3.469. PMC 2729953. PMID 16778391.
- ↑ Hung W (1999). "Solitary thyroid nodules in 93 children and adolescents. a 35-years experience". Horm. Res. 52 (1): 15–8. doi:23426 Check
|doi=value (help). PMID 10640894. - ↑ Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, Doherty GM, Mandel SJ, Nikiforov YE, Pacini F, Randolph GW, Sawka AM, Schlumberger M, Schuff KG, Sherman SI, Sosa JA, Steward DL, Tuttle RM, Wartofsky L (2016). "2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer". Thyroid. 26 (1): 1–133. doi:10.1089/thy.2015.0020. PMC 4739132. PMID 26462967.
- ↑ Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC, Doherty GM, Mandel SJ, Nikiforov YE, Pacini F, Randolph GW, Sawka AM, Schlumberger M, Schuff KG, Sherman SI, Sosa JA, Steward DL, Tuttle RM, Wartofsky L (2016). "2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer". Thyroid. 26 (1): 1–133. doi:10.1089/thy.2015.0020. PMC 4739132. PMID 26462967.