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* False-negative [[Barium meal|barium studies]] can occur in 50 percent of cases.<ref name="pmid6383166">{{cite journal| author=Dooley CP, Larson AW, Stace NH, Renner IG, Valenzuela JE, Eliasoph J et al.| title=Double-contrast barium meal and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. A comparative study. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 1984 | volume= 101 | issue= 4 | pages= 538-45 | pmid=6383166 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6383166  }}</ref>  
* False-negative [[Barium meal|barium studies]] can occur in 50 percent of cases.<ref name="pmid6383166">{{cite journal| author=Dooley CP, Larson AW, Stace NH, Renner IG, Valenzuela JE, Eliasoph J et al.| title=Double-contrast barium meal and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. A comparative study. | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 1984 | volume= 101 | issue= 4 | pages= 538-45 | pmid=6383166 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=6383166  }}</ref>  
* For early gastric cancer, the [[Sensitivity (tests)|sensitivity]] of [[Barium meal|barium meals]] may be 14%.<ref name="pmid2916797">{{cite journal| author=Longo WE, Zucker KA, Zdon MJ, Modlin IM| title=Detection of early gastric cancer in an aggressive endoscopy unit. | journal=Am Surg | year= 1989 | volume= 55 | issue= 2 | pages= 100-4 | pmid=2916797 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2916797  }}</ref>  
* For early gastric cancer, the [[Sensitivity (tests)|sensitivity]] of [[Barium meal|barium meals]] may be 14%.<ref name="pmid2916797">{{cite journal| author=Longo WE, Zucker KA, Zdon MJ, Modlin IM| title=Detection of early gastric cancer in an aggressive endoscopy unit. | journal=Am Surg | year= 1989 | volume= 55 | issue= 2 | pages= 100-4 | pmid=2916797 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2916797  }}</ref>  
* '''Early gastric cancer''' has three types :  
* '''Early gastric cancer''' has three types:  
**Type I: elevated [[lesion]], protrudes >5 mm into [[lumen]] ([[Polypoidy|polypoid]])
**Type I: Elevated [[lesion]], protrudes >5 mm into [[lumen]] ([[Polypoidy|polypoid]]).
**Type II: [[superficial]] [[lesion]] ([[Plaque|plaque-like]], [[mucosal]] nodularity, [[ulceration]])
**Type II: [[superficial]] [[lesion]] ([[Plaque|plaque-like]], [[mucosal]] nodularity, [[ulceration]]).
**Type III: shallow, irregular [[ulcer]] crater with adjacent [[nodular]] [[Mucous membrane|mucosa]] and clubbing/fusion/[[amputation]] of radiation folds  
**Type III: Shallow, irregular [[ulcer]] crater with adjacent [[nodular]] [[Mucous membrane|mucosa]] and clubbing/fusion/[[amputation]] of radiation folds.


* '''Advanced gastric cancer''' may further be of the following types:<ref>http://radiopaedia.org/articles/gastric-carcinoma</ref>
* '''Advanced gastric cancer''' may further be of the following types:<ref>http://radiopaedia.org/articles/gastric-carcinoma</ref>
**[[Polypoidy|Polypoid]] [[cancer]] can be lobulated or fungating
**[[Polypoidy|Polypoid]] [[cancer]] can be lobulated or fungating.
**Lesion on [[Anterior|anterior wall]]: a thin layer of [[barium]] trapped between edge of [[mass]] & adjacent [[Mucous membrane|mucosa]]
**Lesion on [[Anterior|anterior wall]]: A thin layer of [[barium]] trapped between edge of [[mass]] & adjacent [[Mucous membrane|mucosa]].
**[[Ulcerated lesion|Ulcerated]] [[carcinoma]]: 70% of all [[Gastric cancer|gastric cancers]]
**[[Ulcerated lesion|Ulcerated]] [[carcinoma]]: 70% of all [[Gastric cancer|gastric cancers]].


[[File:Gastric-carcinoma.jpg|300px|center|thumb|Double contrast images from a barium meal study showing an advanced gastric malignancy involving the body of stomach, source: Case courtesy of Dr Ian Bickle, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 21214]]
[[File:Gastric-carcinoma.jpg|300px|center|thumb|Double contrast images from a barium meal study showing an advanced gastric malignancy involving the body of stomach, source: Case courtesy of Dr Ian Bickle, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 21214]]

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [2] Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[3]

Overview

Barium studies may be diagnostic of stomach cancer. The sensitivity of barium meals may be 14%. False-negative barium studies can occur in 50 percent of cases. There are three types of early gastric cancer which include polypoid, ulcerated, and superficial.

Barium studies

Double contrast images from a barium meal study showing an advanced gastric malignancy involving the body of stomach, source: Case courtesy of Dr Ian Bickle, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 21214

References

  1. ↑ Dooley CP, Larson AW, Stace NH, Renner IG, Valenzuela JE, Eliasoph J; et al. (1984). "Double-contrast barium meal and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. A comparative study". Ann Intern Med. 101 (4): 538–45. PMID 6383166.
  2. ↑ Longo WE, Zucker KA, Zdon MJ, Modlin IM (1989). "Detection of early gastric cancer in an aggressive endoscopy unit". Am Surg. 55 (2): 100–4. PMID 2916797.
  3. ↑ http://radiopaedia.org/articles/gastric-carcinoma

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