Superior vena cava syndrome physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Common physical examination findings of superior vena cava syndrome include the [[pemberton's sign]], facial [[swelling]], and [[jugular venous distension]]. | Common [[Physical examination|physical examination findings]] of [[superior vena cava syndrome]] include the [[pemberton's sign]], facial [[swelling]], and [[jugular venous distension]]. | ||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
===Appearance of the Patient=== | ===Appearance of the Patient=== | ||
*Well-appearing in early stages of the cancer | *Well-appearing in early stages of the [[cancer]]<ref name="pmid16502166">{{cite journal |vauthors=Uberoi R |title=Quality assurance guidelines for superior vena cava stenting in malignant disease |journal=Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=319–22 |year=2006 |pmid=16502166 |doi=10.1007/s00270-005-0284-9 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Cachectic in late stages of the cancer | *Cachectic in late stages of the [[cancer]]<ref name="caca">Superior Vena Cava Syndrome. Canadian Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/managing-side-effects/superior-vena-cava-syndrome/?region=bc Accessed on January 13, 2016</ref> | ||
*[[Pemberton's sign]]: development of suffusion, [[plethora]], or duskiness upon elevation of the arms above the head in patients with SVC syndrome. | *[[Pemberton's sign]]: development of suffusion, [[plethora]], or duskiness upon elevation of the arms above the head in [[Patient|patients]] with SVC syndrome. | ||
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===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
*Reddish [[mucus membrane]]s (inside the [[nose]], [[mouth]], and other places) | *Reddish [[mucus membrane]]s (inside the [[nose]], [[mouth]], and other places) | ||
* | *Redish color to the [[skin]] | ||
===HEENT=== | ===HEENT=== | ||
* Facial tenderness | * Facial [[tenderness]] | ||
*[[Swelling]] of the [[face]] | *[[Swelling]] of the [[face]] | ||
* Facial flushing/redness [[face]] or cheeks | * Facial [[flushing]]/redness [[face]] or cheeks | ||
*[[Drooping eyelid]] | *[[Drooping eyelid]] | ||
*[[Swelling]] around the [[eye]] | *[[Swelling]] around the [[eye]] | ||
*[[Swelling]] of the whites of the [[eye]]s | *[[Swelling]] of the whites of the [[eye]]s | ||
<div align="left"> | <div align="left"> | ||
Revision as of 13:59, 12 April 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Overview
Common physical examination findings of superior vena cava syndrome include the pemberton's sign, facial swelling, and jugular venous distension.
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
- Well-appearing in early stages of the cancer[1]
- Cachectic in late stages of the cancer[2]
- Pemberton's sign: development of suffusion, plethora, or duskiness upon elevation of the arms above the head in patients with SVC syndrome.
-
Distension of veins on the torso of a patient with SVC syndrome
Vital Signs
- Low-grade fever
- Tachypnea
- Kussmal respirations may be present in advanced SVCS.
- Asymmetric pulse
Skin
- Reddish mucus membranes (inside the nose, mouth, and other places)
- Redish color to the skin
HEENT
- Facial tenderness
- Swelling of the face
- Facial flushing/redness face or cheeks
- Drooping eyelid
- Swelling around the eye
- Swelling of the whites of the eyes
Neck
-
Marked jugular venous distention with the external jugular vein marked by an arrow.
Lungs
- Asymmetric chest expansion
- Wheezing may be present
Extremities
- Edema of the upper extremities
References
- ↑ Uberoi R (2006). "Quality assurance guidelines for superior vena cava stenting in malignant disease". Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 29 (3): 319–22. doi:10.1007/s00270-005-0284-9. PMID 16502166.
- ↑ Superior Vena Cava Syndrome. Canadian Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/managing-side-effects/superior-vena-cava-syndrome/?region=bc Accessed on January 13, 2016