Sacrococcygeal teratoma classification: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 18:57, 2 May 2019

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mirdula Sharma, MBBS [2]

Overview

Sacrococcygeal teratoma is classified into four different categories according to the American academy of pediatrics surgery classification based upon the anatomical location of the tumor. Sub-types of sacrococcygeal teratoma have different staging systems based on the size and growth of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and the presence of metastasis.

Classification

Classification Based Upon Anatomical Location

American academy of pediatrics surgery section system classifies sacrococcygeal teratoma depending on the anatomical location of the tumor. ^[1]^[2]


Stage	Features

Type I	Predominantly external; with minimal pelvic involvement
Type II	Predominantly external; with significant intrapelvic growth giving "hour-glass" appearance
Type III	Predominantly internal; with intra-abdominal involvement
Type IV	Entirely pre-sacral; without external growth

Classification Based Upon Pathology

Benign : Mature^[1]
Malignant : Immature

Staging of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma

Subtypes of sacrococcygeal teratoma have different staging systems based on the size and growth of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and the presence of metastasis.^[3]


Stage	Features

Stage I	Complete resection Negative tumor margins
Stage II	Microscopic residuals Lymph node negative
Stage III	Lymph node involvement Gross residual on biopsy Retroperitoneal node may be positive or negative
Stage IV	Distant metastasis may involve liver

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Puri P, Höllwarth ME. Pediatric Surgery, Diagnosis and Management. Springer Science & Business Media; 2009.
↑ Myers LB, Bulich LA. Anesthesia for Fetal Intervention and Surgery. PMPH-USA; 2005.
↑ DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer, Principles & Practice of Oncology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[class-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Puri P, Höllwarth ME. Pediatric Surgery, Diagnosis and Management. Springer Science & Business Media; 2009.

[cs-2] Myers LB, Bulich LA. Anesthesia for Fetal Intervention and Surgery. PMPH-USA; 2005.

[stage-3] DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer, Principles & Practice of Oncology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 ==Overview==
-Sacrococcygeal teratoma is classified into four different categories according to American academy of pediatrics surgery classification based upon the anatomical location of the tumor.<ref name = "class">Puri P, Höllwarth ME. Pediatric Surgery, Diagnosis and Management. Springer Science & Business Media; 2009.</ref><ref name = "cs">Myers LB, Bulich LA. Anesthesia for Fetal Intervention and Surgery. PMPH-USA; 2005.</ref> Subtypes of sacrococcygeal teratoma have different staging systems based on the size and growth of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and the presence of metastasis.<ref name = "stage">DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer, Principles & Practice of Oncology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.</ref>
+Sacrococcygeal teratoma is [[Classification|classified]] into four different categories according to the American academy of pediatrics surgery classification based upon the [[Anatomy|anatomical]] location of the [[tumor]]. Sub-types of sacrococcygeal teratoma have different [[Cancer staging|staging]] systems based on the size and growth of the [[tumor]], [[lymph node]] involvement, and the presence of [[metastasis]].
-==Classification Based Upon Anatomical Location==
+==Classification ==
-American academy of pediatrics surgery section system classifies sacrococcygeal teratoma depending on the anatomical location of the tumor. <ref name = "class">Puri P, Höllwarth ME. Pediatric Surgery, Diagnosis and Management. Springer Science & Business Media; 2009.</ref><ref name = "cs">Myers LB, Bulich LA. Anesthesia for Fetal Intervention and Surgery. PMPH-USA; 2005.</ref>
+=== Classification Based Upon Anatomical Location ===
+American academy of pediatrics surgery section system [[Classification|classifies]] sacrococcygeal teratoma depending on the [[Anatomy|anatomical]] location of the [[tumor]]. <ref name="class">Puri P, Höllwarth ME. Pediatric Surgery, Diagnosis and Management. Springer Science & Business Media; 2009.</ref><ref name="cs">Myers LB, Bulich LA. Anesthesia for Fetal Intervention and Surgery. PMPH-USA; 2005.</ref>
 {| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width: 800px"
-|valign=top|
+| valign="top" |
 |+
 ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 100px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Stage  }}
@@ Line 18: / Line 20: @@
 '''Type I'''
 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
-*Predominantly exterior; with minimal pelvic involvement
+*Predominantly external; with minimal [[Pelvis|pelvic]] involvement
 |-
 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
 '''Type II'''
 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
-*Predominantly external; with significant intrapelvic growth giving "hour-glass" appearance
+*Predominantly external; with significant [[Pelvic|intrapelvic]] growth giving "hour-glass" appearance
 |-
 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
 '''Type III'''
 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
-*Predominantly internal; withh intra-abdominal involvement
+*Predominantly internal; with [[Abdomen|intra-abdominal]] involvement
 |-
 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" |
 '''Type IV'''
 | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
-*Entirely pre-sacral; without external growth
+*Entirely pre-[[Sacrum|sacral]]; without external growth
 |}
-==Classification Based Upon Pathology==
+===Classification Based Upon Pathology===
-*'''Benign''' : Mature<ref name = class>Sacrococcygel Teratoma. Radiopedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/sacrococcygeal-teratoma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref>
+*'''Benign''' : Mature<ref name="class">Sacrococcygel Teratoma. Radiopedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/sacrococcygeal-teratoma Accessed on December 15, 2015</ref>
 *'''Malignant''' : Immature
 ==Staging of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma==
-Subtypes of sacrococcygeal teratoma have different staging systems based on the size and growth of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and the presence of metastasis.<ref name = "stage">DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer, Principles & Practice of Oncology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.</ref>
+Subtypes of sacrococcygeal teratoma have different staging systems based on the size and growth of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and the presence of metastasis.<ref name="stage">DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA. DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer, Principles & Practice of Oncology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.</ref>
 {| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width: 500px"
-|valign=top|
+| valign="top" |
 |+
 ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 50px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Stage}}