Familial mediterranean fever physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sahar Memar Montazerin, M.D.[2]

Overview

Common physical examination findings of familial Mediterranean fever include fever, arthritis, and skin rash.

Physical Examination

• Physical examination of patients with familial Mediterranean fever in periods between attacks is usually normal.
• During attacks, common physical examination findings include fever, arthritis, and skin rash.
• Tachypnea and tachycardia may be present due to the effect of fever.

Skin

• Skin examination of patients with familial Mediterranean fever is usually normal. However, non-specific skin lesions may also be present.
• Potential skin lesions include:

HEENT

• HEENT examination of patients with familial Mediterranean fever is usually normal. However, it may also be positive for findings such as:
• Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of erythematous conjunctivae
• Hearing acuity may be reduced
• Weber test may be abnormal
• Rinne test may be positive
• Exudate from the ear canal
• Erythematous throat with/without tonsillar swelling, and exudates

Neck

• Neck examination of patients with familial Mediterranean fever is usually normal. However, it may also indicate findings such as:
• Lymphadenopathy which may be with/without pain

Lungs

• Pulmonary examination of patients with familial Mediterranean fever may be positive for:
• Asymmetric chest expansion OR decreased chest expansion
• Lungs are hyporesonant due to associated pleural effusion
• Normal/reduced tactile fremitus

Heart

• Cardiovascular examination of patients with familial Mediterranean fever may be associated with the following findings:
• Chest tenderness upon palpation due to pericarditis
• Friction rub

Abdomen

• Abdominal examination of patients with familial Mediterranean fever is usually normal.
• Hepatomegaly / splenomegaly / hepatosplenomegaly may be present.

Back

• Back examination of patients with familial Mediterranean fever is usually normal.

Genitourinary

• Genitourinary examination of patients with familial Mediterranean fever is usually normal.

Neuromuscular

• Neuromuscular examination of patients with familial Mediterranean fever is usually normal.
• Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time.
• Neuropathy may also be present.

Extremities

• Extremities examination of patients with familial Mediterranean fever is usually normal.