Extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AS}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AS}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Extra nodal NK-T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, can develop in either [[T cells]] or [[natural killer cells]], but most often in the NK cells. Natural killer cells are a type of lymphocyte that are closely related to T cells and attack foreign cells. On gross pathology, angiocentric and angiodestructive pattern of growth with associated geographical [[necrosis]] and [[ulceration]] are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma. On microscopic histopathological analysis, medium sized tumor cells and polymorphic infiltrate of nonneoplastic inflammatory cells are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma.<ref name=Hindawi>Extranodal Natural-Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ah/2010/627401/. Accessed on February 18, 2016 </ref><ref name= canadiancancer>Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type. Canadian Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types-of-nhl/extranodal-nk-t-cell-lymphoma-nasal-type/?region=on. Accessed on February 19, 2016 </ref> | Extra nodal NK-T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, can develop in either [[T cells]] or [[natural killer cells]], but most often in the NK cells. Natural killer cells are a type of lymphocyte that are closely related to T cells and attack foreign cells. On gross pathology, angiocentric and angiodestructive pattern of growth with associated geographical [[necrosis]] and [[ulceration]] are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma. On microscopic histopathological analysis, medium sized tumor cells and polymorphic infiltrate of nonneoplastic inflammatory cells are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma.<ref name="Hindawi">Extranodal Natural-Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ah/2010/627401/. Accessed on February 18, 2016 </ref><ref name="canadiancancer">Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type. Canadian Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types-of-nhl/extranodal-nk-t-cell-lymphoma-nasal-type/?region=on. Accessed on February 19, 2016 </ref> | ||
==Genetics== | ==Genetics== | ||
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* On gross pathology, angiocentric and angiodestructive pattern of growth with associated geographical [[necrosis]] and [[ulceration]] are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma. | * On gross pathology, angiocentric and angiodestructive pattern of growth with associated geographical [[necrosis]] and [[ulceration]] are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma. | ||
* [[Coagulative necrosis]] and [[apoptotic]] bodies are frequently encountered. | * [[Coagulative necrosis]] and [[apoptotic]] bodies are frequently encountered. | ||
==Microscopic Pathology== | ==Microscopic Pathology== | ||
* On microscopic histopathological analysis, medium sized tumor cells and polymorphic infiltrate of non-neoplastic inflammatory cells are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma. | * On microscopic histopathological analysis, medium sized tumor cells and polymorphic infiltrate of non-neoplastic inflammatory cells are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma. | ||
* The tumor cells are small to medium in size with occasional large and anaplastic forms. | * The tumor cells are small to medium in size with occasional large and anaplastic forms. | ||
* The lymphoma cells may be admixed with a polymorphic infiltrate of nonneoplastic inflammatory cells including small [[lymphocytes]], [[plasma cells]], [[histiocytes]], and [[eosinophils]]. | * The lymphoma cells may be admixed with a polymorphic infiltrate of nonneoplastic inflammatory cells including small [[lymphocytes]], [[plasma cells]], [[histiocytes]], and [[eosinophils]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 22:57, 6 June 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sowminya Arikapudi, M.B,B.S. [2]
Overview
Extra nodal NK-T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, can develop in either T cells or natural killer cells, but most often in the NK cells. Natural killer cells are a type of lymphocyte that are closely related to T cells and attack foreign cells. On gross pathology, angiocentric and angiodestructive pattern of growth with associated geographical necrosis and ulceration are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma. On microscopic histopathological analysis, medium sized tumor cells and polymorphic infiltrate of nonneoplastic inflammatory cells are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma.[1][2]
Genetics
Immunotype
- The immunophenotype of NK lymphoma cells is classically positive for CD2, CD56, and cytoplasmic CD3 epsilon.
- They are negative for surface CD3. Unlike normal NK cells, the tumor cells are usually negative for CD7 and CD16.
- They express cytotoxic granule associated proteins granzyme B, T-cell restricted intracellular antigen (TIA-1), and perforin.
Gross Pathology
- On gross pathology, angiocentric and angiodestructive pattern of growth with associated geographical necrosis and ulceration are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma.
- Coagulative necrosis and apoptotic bodies are frequently encountered.
Microscopic Pathology
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, medium sized tumor cells and polymorphic infiltrate of non-neoplastic inflammatory cells are characteristic findings of extranodal NK-T-cell lymphoma.
- The tumor cells are small to medium in size with occasional large and anaplastic forms.
- The lymphoma cells may be admixed with a polymorphic infiltrate of nonneoplastic inflammatory cells including small lymphocytes, plasma cells, histiocytes, and eosinophils.
References
- ↑ Extranodal Natural-Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ah/2010/627401/. Accessed on February 18, 2016
- ↑ Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type. Canadian Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types-of-nhl/extranodal-nk-t-cell-lymphoma-nasal-type/?region=on. Accessed on February 19, 2016