Arnold-Chiari malformation history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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=== History === | === History === | ||
[[Patients]] with Arnold-Chiari malformation may have a positive [[History and Physical examination|history]] of: | |||
* [[Female]] gender | |||
* [[Lumbar puncture]] | |||
* Lumbar-peritoneal shunt | |||
* [[Connective tissue disease|Connective tissue disorder]] | |||
* [[Hydrocephalus]] | |||
* [[Syringomyelia]]<nowiki/>s | |||
* Syndromes such as: | |||
** [[Tethered spinal cord syndrome]] | |||
** [[Neurofibromatosis type I|Neurofibromatosis type 1]] | |||
** [[Noonan syndrome]] | |||
** [[Pierre Robin syndrome|Pierre Robin sequence]] | |||
** [[Klippel-Feil syndrome]] | |||
** [[Albright hereditary osteodystrophy]] | |||
** X-linked aqueductal stenosis | |||
** [[Goldenhar syndrome]] | |||
** [[Williams syndrome]] | |||
** [[Shprintzen-Golberg craniosynostosis|Shprintzen- goldberg syndrome]] | |||
** [[Achondroplasia]] | |||
** Familial osteosclerosis | |||
** [[Velocardiofacial syndrome]] | |||
=== Common Symptoms === | === Common Symptoms === | ||
Revision as of 21:06, 28 September 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.
Overview
The most common symptoms of Arnold-Chiari malformation is headache, arm pain and weakness, neck pain, nausea and vomiting, balance problem, dizziness and ear ringing.
History and Symptoms
History
Patients with Arnold-Chiari malformation may have a positive history of:
- Female gender
- Lumbar puncture
- Lumbar-peritoneal shunt
- Connective tissue disorder
- Hydrocephalus
- Syringomyelias
- Syndromes such as:
- Tethered spinal cord syndrome
- Neurofibromatosis type 1
- Noonan syndrome
- Pierre Robin sequence
- Klippel-Feil syndrome
- Albright hereditary osteodystrophy
- X-linked aqueductal stenosis
- Goldenhar syndrome
- Williams syndrome
- Shprintzen- goldberg syndrome
- Achondroplasia
- Familial osteosclerosis
- Velocardiofacial syndrome
Common Symptoms
- Common symptoms of Arnold-Chiari malformation type 1 and 2 include:[1][2][3]
- In infants
- Stridor
- Swallowing difficulties
- In older children
- Limb weakness
- Dizziness
- Vertigo
- Neuropathic pain
- Pain at the point of tethering
- Visual disturbances
- Difficulty swallowing
- Ringing in the ears
- Sleep apnea
- Impaired fine motor skills
- Muscle weakness
- Palpitations
- Excessive clearing of the throat with no obstructions
- In infants
NOTE: Patients may experience no symptoms or remain asymptomatic until early adulthood at which point they will often experience severe headaches and neck pain.
NOTE: Some patients may go an entire lifetime without having noticeable symptoms. Or, symptoms can be minimal, then turn severe suddenly due to head trauma which alters the condition of the spine, brain, or cerebellar tonsils and begins to cause more difficulties.
- Common symptoms of Arnold-Chiari malformation type 3 and 4 include:
- Respiratory failure in infancy
- Seizure (epilepsy)
- Mental retardation
- Flaccid or spastic paralysis
- Sever neurological problems
Source: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of Arnold-Chiari malformation include:
References
- ↑ Dyste, Gregg N.; Menezes, Arnold H.; VanGilder, John C. (1989). "Symptomatic Chiari malformations". Journal of Neurosurgery. 71 (2): 159–168. doi:10.3171/jns.1989.71.2.0159. ISSN 0022-3085.
- ↑ Bell, William O.; Charney, Edward B.; Bruce, Derek A.; Sutton, Leslie N.; Schut, Luis (1987). "Symptomatic Arnold-Chiari malformation: review of experience with 22 cases". Journal of Neurosurgery. 66 (6): 812–816. doi:10.3171/jns.1987.66.6.0812. ISSN 0022-3085.
- ↑ Papasozomenos, S.; Roessmann, U. (1981). "Respiratory distress and Arnold-Chiari malformation". Neurology. 31 (1): 97–97. doi:10.1212/WNL.31.1.97. ISSN 0028-3878.