HIV induced pericarditis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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===Pathogenesis=== | ===Pathogenesis=== | ||
*Pericardial effusion is common among asymptomatic HIV positive patients. | *Pericardial effusion is common among asymptomatic HIV positive patients. | ||
*Large effusions causing tamponade is rare. | *Large effusions causing tamponade is rare.<ref name="RemickGeorgiopoulou2014">{{cite journal|last1=Remick|first1=Joshua|last2=Georgiopoulou|first2=Vasiliki|last3=Marti|first3=Catherine|last4=Ofotokun|first4=Igho|last5=Kalogeropoulos|first5=Andreas|last6=Lewis|first6=William|last7=Butler|first7=Javed|title=Heart Failure in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection|journal=Circulation|volume=129|issue=17|year=2014|pages=1781–1789|issn=0009-7322|doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004574}}</ref> | ||
*HAART therapy regimen of HIV positive patients has decreased the incidence of pericarditis and pericardial effusion considerably. | *HAART therapy regimen of HIV positive patients has decreased the incidence of pericarditis and pericardial effusion considerably. | ||
*HIV related pericarditis is usually caused by tuberculosis. | *HIV related pericarditis is usually caused by tuberculosis.<ref name="MorenoVillacastín1997">{{cite journal|last1=Moreno|first1=Raùl|last2=Villacastín|first2=Julián P|last3=Bueno|first3=Héctor|last4=López de Sá|first4=Esteban|last5=López-Sendón|first5=José L|last6=Bobadilla|first6=Jaime F|last7=García-Fernández|first7=Miguel A|last8=Delcán|first8=Juan L.|title=Clinical and Echocardiographic Findings in HIV Patients with Pericardial Effusion|journal=Cardiology|volume=88|issue=5|year=1997|pages=397–400|issn=1421-9751|doi=10.1159/000177367}}</ref> | ||
*associated myocarditis is present in approximately one -third of cases. | *associated myocarditis is present in approximately one -third of cases. | ||
*It has high mortality. | *It has high mortality.<ref name="SudanoSpieker2006">{{cite journal|last1=Sudano|first1=Isabella|last2=Spieker|first2=Lukas E.|last3=Noll|first3=Georg|last4=Corti|first4=Roberto|last5=Weber|first5=Rainer|last6=Lüscher|first6=Thomas F.|title=Cardiovascular disease in HIV infection|journal=American Heart Journal|volume=151|issue=6|year=2006|pages=1147–1155|issn=00028703|doi=10.1016/j.ahj.2005.07.030}}</ref> | ||
*pericardiocentesis is essential in order to a diagnosis of the main cause of pericardial effusion<ref name="pmid9432393">{{cite journal |author=Maher D, Harries AD |title=Tuberculous pericardial effusion: a prospective clinical study in a low-resource setting--Blantyre, Malawi |journal=[[The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease]] |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=358–64 |year=1997 |month=August |pmid=9432393 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9411548">{{cite journal |author=Dronda F, Suzacq C |title=[Pericardial tuberculosis complicated with heart tamponade as presentation form of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome] |language=Spanish; Castilian |journal=[[Revista Clínica Española]] |volume=197 |issue=7 |pages=502–6 |year=1997 |month=July |pmid=9411548 |doi= |url=}}</ref>. | *pericardiocentesis is essential in order to a diagnosis of the main cause of pericardial effusion<ref name="pmid9432393">{{cite journal |author=Maher D, Harries AD |title=Tuberculous pericardial effusion: a prospective clinical study in a low-resource setting--Blantyre, Malawi |journal=[[The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease]] |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=358–64 |year=1997 |month=August |pmid=9432393 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9411548">{{cite journal |author=Dronda F, Suzacq C |title=[Pericardial tuberculosis complicated with heart tamponade as presentation form of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome] |language=Spanish; Castilian |journal=[[Revista Clínica Española]] |volume=197 |issue=7 |pages=502–6 |year=1997 |month=July |pmid=9411548 |doi= |url=}}</ref>. | ||
*However, majority of the cases of [[pericarditis]] are of unknown etiology. Other causes of pericarditis in AIDS include <ref name="pmid10047635">{{cite journal |author=Chen Y, Brennessel D, Walters J, Johnson M, Rosner F, Raza M |title=Human immunodeficiency virus-associated pericardial effusion: report of 40 cases and review of the literature |journal=[[American Heart Journal]] |volume=137 |issue=3 |pages=516–21 |year=1999 |month=March |pmid=10047635 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7781340">{{cite journal |author=Flum DR, McGinn JT, Tyras DH |title=The role of the 'pericardial window' in AIDS |journal=[[Chest]] |volume=107 |issue=6 |pages=1522–5 |year=1995 |month=June |pmid=7781340 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9583822">{{cite journal |author=Gouny P, Lancelin C, Girard PM, Hocquet-Cheynel C, Rozenbaum W, Nussaume O |title=Pericardial effusion and AIDS: benefits of surgical drainage |journal=[[European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery : Official Journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery]] |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=165–9 |year=1998 |month=February |pmid=9583822 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1516433">{{cite journal |author=Eisenberg MJ, Gordon AS, Schiller NB |title=HIV-associated pericardial effusions |journal=[[Chest]] |volume=102 |issue=3 |pages=956–8 |year=1992 |month=September |pmid=1516433 |doi= |url=}}</ref>: | *However, majority of the cases of [[pericarditis]] are of unknown etiology. Other causes of pericarditis in AIDS include <ref name="pmid10047635">{{cite journal |author=Chen Y, Brennessel D, Walters J, Johnson M, Rosner F, Raza M |title=Human immunodeficiency virus-associated pericardial effusion: report of 40 cases and review of the literature |journal=[[American Heart Journal]] |volume=137 |issue=3 |pages=516–21 |year=1999 |month=March |pmid=10047635 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7781340">{{cite journal |author=Flum DR, McGinn JT, Tyras DH |title=The role of the 'pericardial window' in AIDS |journal=[[Chest]] |volume=107 |issue=6 |pages=1522–5 |year=1995 |month=June |pmid=7781340 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid9583822">{{cite journal |author=Gouny P, Lancelin C, Girard PM, Hocquet-Cheynel C, Rozenbaum W, Nussaume O |title=Pericardial effusion and AIDS: benefits of surgical drainage |journal=[[European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery : Official Journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery]] |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=165–9 |year=1998 |month=February |pmid=9583822 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid1516433">{{cite journal |author=Eisenberg MJ, Gordon AS, Schiller NB |title=HIV-associated pericardial effusions |journal=[[Chest]] |volume=102 |issue=3 |pages=956–8 |year=1992 |month=September |pmid=1516433 |doi= |url=}}</ref>: | ||
**Staphylococcal infection | **Staphylococcal infection | ||
Revision as of 17:34, 26 November 2019
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HIV induced pericarditis Microchapters |
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Differentiating HIV Induced Pericarditis from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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HIV induced pericarditis pathophysiology On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of HIV induced pericarditis pathophysiology |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for HIV induced pericarditis pathophysiology |
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Pericarditis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Surgery |
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Case Studies |
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HIV induced pericarditis pathophysiology On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of HIV induced pericarditis pathophysiology |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for HIV induced pericarditis pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ramyar Ghandriz MD[2]
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
- Pericardial effusion is common among asymptomatic HIV positive patients.
- Large effusions causing tamponade is rare.[1]
- HAART therapy regimen of HIV positive patients has decreased the incidence of pericarditis and pericardial effusion considerably.
- HIV related pericarditis is usually caused by tuberculosis.[2]
- associated myocarditis is present in approximately one -third of cases.
- It has high mortality.[3]
- pericardiocentesis is essential in order to a diagnosis of the main cause of pericardial effusion[4][5].
- However, majority of the cases of pericarditis are of unknown etiology. Other causes of pericarditis in AIDS include [6][7][8][9]:
- Staphylococcal infection
- Streptococcal infection
- Lymphoma
- Kaposi sarcoma
- Atypical mycobacteria
- Nocardia asteroides
- Listeria monocytogenes
- Rhodococcus equi
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Rarely Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus
References
- ↑ Remick, Joshua; Georgiopoulou, Vasiliki; Marti, Catherine; Ofotokun, Igho; Kalogeropoulos, Andreas; Lewis, William; Butler, Javed (2014). "Heart Failure in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection". Circulation. 129 (17): 1781–1789. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004574. ISSN 0009-7322.
- ↑ Moreno, Raùl; Villacastín, Julián P; Bueno, Héctor; López de Sá, Esteban; López-Sendón, José L; Bobadilla, Jaime F; García-Fernández, Miguel A; Delcán, Juan L. (1997). "Clinical and Echocardiographic Findings in HIV Patients with Pericardial Effusion". Cardiology. 88 (5): 397–400. doi:10.1159/000177367. ISSN 1421-9751.
- ↑ Sudano, Isabella; Spieker, Lukas E.; Noll, Georg; Corti, Roberto; Weber, Rainer; Lüscher, Thomas F. (2006). "Cardiovascular disease in HIV infection". American Heart Journal. 151 (6): 1147–1155. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2005.07.030. ISSN 0002-8703.
- ↑ Maher D, Harries AD (1997). "Tuberculous pericardial effusion: a prospective clinical study in a low-resource setting--Blantyre, Malawi". The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 1 (4): 358–64. PMID 9432393. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Dronda F, Suzacq C (1997). "[Pericardial tuberculosis complicated with heart tamponade as presentation form of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]". Revista Clínica Española (in Spanish; Castilian). 197 (7): 502–6. PMID 9411548. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Chen Y, Brennessel D, Walters J, Johnson M, Rosner F, Raza M (1999). "Human immunodeficiency virus-associated pericardial effusion: report of 40 cases and review of the literature". American Heart Journal. 137 (3): 516–21. PMID 10047635. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Flum DR, McGinn JT, Tyras DH (1995). "The role of the 'pericardial window' in AIDS". Chest. 107 (6): 1522–5. PMID 7781340. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Gouny P, Lancelin C, Girard PM, Hocquet-Cheynel C, Rozenbaum W, Nussaume O (1998). "Pericardial effusion and AIDS: benefits of surgical drainage". European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery : Official Journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. 13 (2): 165–9. PMID 9583822. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Eisenberg MJ, Gordon AS, Schiller NB (1992). "HIV-associated pericardial effusions". Chest. 102 (3): 956–8. PMID 1516433. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)