Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination: Difference between revisions
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== Physical Examination == | == Physical Examination == | ||
=== Appearance of the Patient === | === Appearance of the Patient === | ||
* Patients with | * Patients with DCM usually appear [general appearance]. | ||
=== Vital Signs === | === Vital Signs === | ||
* High-grade / low-grade fever | * High-grade / low-grade fever | ||
* [[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse | * [[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse | ||
* [[Bradycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse | * [[Bradycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse | ||
| Line 23: | Line 20: | ||
* [[Cyanosis]] | * [[Cyanosis]] | ||
* [[Pallor]] | * [[Pallor]] | ||
=== HEENT === | === HEENT === | ||
* Abnormalities of the head/hair may include ___ | * Abnormalities of the head/hair may include ___ | ||
| Line 43: | Line 34: | ||
=== Neck === | === Neck === | ||
* [[Jugular venous distension]] | * [[Jugular venous distension]] | ||
| Line 80: | Line 67: | ||
=== Abdomen === | === Abdomen === | ||
*[[Abdominal distension]] | |||
*[[Hepatomegaly]] | |||
* [[Abdominal distension]] | |||
* [[Hepatomegaly | |||
=== Back === | === Back === | ||
* Back examination of patients with | * Back examination of patients with DCM is usually normal | ||
=== Genitourinary === | === Genitourinary === | ||
* Genitourinary examination of patients with | * Genitourinary examination of patients with DCM is usually normal. | ||
=== Neuromuscular === | === Neuromuscular === | ||
| Line 110: | Line 91: | ||
=== Extremities === | === Extremities === | ||
*[[Cyanosis]] | |||
* [[Cyanosis]] | |||
* Pitting/non-pitting [[edema]] of the upper/lower extremities__NOTOC__ | * Pitting/non-pitting [[edema]] of the upper/lower extremities__NOTOC__ | ||
{{Dilated cardiomyopathy}} | {{Dilated cardiomyopathy}} | ||
Revision as of 16:44, 9 December 2019
Overview
Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance]. Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with DCM usually appear [general appearance].
Vital Signs
- High-grade / low-grade fever
- Tachycardia with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
- Bradycardia with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
- Tachypnea / bradypnea
- Kussmal respirations may be present in _____ (advanced disease state)
- Weak/bounding pulse / pulsus alternans / paradoxical pulse / asymmetric pulse
- High/low blood pressure with normal pulse pressure / wide pulse pressure / narrow pulse pressure
Skin
HEENT
- Abnormalities of the head/hair may include ___
- Evidence of trauma
- Icteric sclera
- Nystagmus
- Extra-ocular movements may be abnormal
- Pupils non-reactive to light / non-reactive to accommodation / non-reactive to neither light nor accommodation
- Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of ___
- Hearing acuity may be reduced
Neck
- Jugular venous distension
- Carotid bruits may be auscultated unilaterally/bilaterally using the bell/diaphragm of the otoscope
- Hepatojugular reflux
Lungs
- Asymmetric chest expansion OR decreased chest expansion
- Lungs are hyporesonant OR hyperresonant
- Fine/coarse crackles upon auscultation of the lung bases/apices unilaterally/bilaterally
- Rhonchi
- Vesicular breath sounds OR distant breath sounds
- Expiratory wheezing OR inspiratory wheezing with normal OR delayed expiratory phase
- Wheezing may be present
- Egophony present/absent
- Bronchophony present/absent
- Normal/reduced tactile fremitus
Heart
- Chest tenderness upon palpation
- PMI within 2 cm of the sternum (PMI) / Displaced point of maximal impulse (PMI) suggestive of ____
- Heave / thrill
- Friction rub
- S1
- S2
- S3
- S4
- Gallops
- A high/low grade early/late systolic murmur / diastolic murmur best heard at the base/apex/(specific valve region) may be heard using the bell/diaphgram of the stethoscope
Abdomen
Back
- Back examination of patients with DCM is usually normal
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary examination of patients with DCM is usually normal.
Neuromuscular
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
OR
- Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time
- Altered mental status
- Glasgow coma scale is ___ / 15
- Clonus may be present
Extremities
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Dilated cardiomyopathy Microchapters |
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Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination |