Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination: Difference between revisions
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== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
Patients with | Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) usually appear [general appearance]. Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3]. | ||
== Physical Examination == | == Physical Examination == | ||
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* High-grade / low-grade fever | * High-grade / low-grade fever | ||
* [[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse | * [[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse | ||
* Tachypnea / bradypnea | * Tachypnea / bradypnea | ||
* Kussmal respirations may be present in _____ (advanced disease state) | * Kussmal respirations may be present in _____ (advanced disease state) | ||
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* [[Cyanosis]] | * [[Cyanosis]] | ||
* [[Pallor]] | * [[Pallor]] in case of heart failure. | ||
=== HEENT === | === HEENT === | ||
* [[Nystagmus]] | * [[Nystagmus]] | ||
* Extra-ocular movements may be abnormal | * Extra-ocular movements may be abnormal | ||
* Pupils non-reactive to light / non-reactive to accommodation / non-reactive to neither light nor accommodation | * Pupils non-reactive to light / non-reactive to accommodation / non-reactive to neither light nor accommodation | ||
* Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of ___ | * Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of ___ | ||
=== Neck === | === Neck === | ||
* [[Jugular venous distension]] | * [[Jugular venous distension]] | ||
=== Lungs === | === Lungs === | ||
* Fine/coarse [[crackles]] upon auscultation of the lung bases/apices unilaterally/bilaterally | * Fine/coarse [[crackles]] upon auscultation of the lung bases/apices unilaterally/bilaterally | ||
* Rhonchi | * Rhonchi | ||
* Vesicular breath sounds OR distant breath sounds | * Vesicular breath sounds OR distant breath sounds | ||
* Normal/reduced [[tactile fremitus]] | * Normal/reduced [[tactile fremitus]] | ||
=== Heart === | === Heart === | ||
* PMI within 2 cm of the sternum (PMI) / Displaced point of maximal impulse (PMI) suggestive of ____ | * PMI within 2 cm of the sternum (PMI) / Displaced point of maximal impulse (PMI) suggestive of ____ | ||
* [[Heave]] / [[thrill]] | * [[Heave]] / [[thrill]] | ||
* [[Friction rub]] | * [[Friction rub]] | ||
* [[Heart sounds#Summation%20Gallop|S3 Gallops]] | |||
* [[Heart sounds#Summation%20Gallop|Gallops]] | |||
* A high/low grade early/late [[systolic murmur]] / [[diastolic murmur]] best heard at the base/apex/(specific valve region) may be heard using the bell/diaphgram of the stethoscope | * A high/low grade early/late [[systolic murmur]] / [[diastolic murmur]] best heard at the base/apex/(specific valve region) may be heard using the bell/diaphgram of the stethoscope | ||
Revision as of 17:15, 9 December 2019
Overview
Patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) usually appear [general appearance]. Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with DCM usually appear [general appearance].
Vital Signs
- High-grade / low-grade fever
- Tachycardia with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
- Tachypnea / bradypnea
- Kussmal respirations may be present in _____ (advanced disease state)
- Weak/bounding pulse / pulsus alternans / paradoxical pulse / asymmetric pulse
- High/low blood pressure with normal pulse pressure / wide pulse pressure / narrow pulse pressure
Skin
HEENT
- Nystagmus
- Extra-ocular movements may be abnormal
- Pupils non-reactive to light / non-reactive to accommodation / non-reactive to neither light nor accommodation
- Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of ___
Neck
Lungs
- Fine/coarse crackles upon auscultation of the lung bases/apices unilaterally/bilaterally
- Rhonchi
- Vesicular breath sounds OR distant breath sounds
- Normal/reduced tactile fremitus
Heart
- PMI within 2 cm of the sternum (PMI) / Displaced point of maximal impulse (PMI) suggestive of ____
- Heave / thrill
- Friction rub
- S3 Gallops
- A high/low grade early/late systolic murmur / diastolic murmur best heard at the base/apex/(specific valve region) may be heard using the bell/diaphgram of the stethoscope
Abdomen
Back
- Back examination of patients with DCM is usually normal
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary examination of patients with DCM is usually normal.
Neuromuscular
- Neuromuscular examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
OR
- Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time
- Altered mental status
- Glasgow coma scale is ___ / 15
- Clonus may be present
Extremities
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Dilated cardiomyopathy Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Dilated cardiomyopathy physical examination |