Ebsteins anomaly of the tricuspid valve natural history, complications & prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
*Severe [[tricuspid regurgitation]] may lead to dilation of the [[right ventricle]], hepatic congestion and [[congestive heart failure]].<ref name="pmid30336873">{{cite journal |vauthors=Walsh EP |title=Ebstein's Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve: A Natural Laboratory for Re-Entrant Tachycardias |journal=JACC Clin Electrophysiol |volume=4 |issue=10 |pages=1271–1288 |date=October 2018 |pmid=30336873 |doi=10.1016/j.jacep.2018.05.024 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid28940541">{{cite journal |vauthors=Freeman A, Byard RW |title=Ebstein Anomaly and Sudden Childhood Death |journal=J. Forensic Sci. |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=969–971 |date=May 2018 |pmid=28940541 |doi=10.1111/1556-4029.13652 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Severe [[tricuspid regurgitation]] may lead to dilation of the [[right ventricle]], hepatic congestion and [[congestive heart failure]]. | |||
* Other complications may include: | * Other complications may include: | ||
*[[Arrhythmias]], including [[tachyarrhythmias]], [[bradyarrhythmias]], and [[heart block]] | *[[Arrhythmias]], including [[tachyarrhythmias]], [[bradyarrhythmias]], and [[heart block]] |
Revision as of 18:00, 16 January 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Claudia P. Hochberg, M.D.; Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [2]
Overview
The symptoms of Ebstein's anomaly vary in severity, with some patients experiencing either no symptoms or very mild symptoms and others experiencing symptoms that may worsen over time such as (cyanosis), heart failure, heart block, or other tachyarrhythmias or bradyarrhythmias. Paradoxical embolization, brain abscesses and pulmonary embolism may also occur.
Natural History
The earlier the symptoms develop, the more severe the disease.
Complications
- Severe tricuspid regurgitation may lead to dilation of the right ventricle, hepatic congestion and congestive heart failure.[1][2]
- Other complications may include:
- Arrhythmias, including tachyarrhythmias, bradyarrhythmias, and heart block
- Paradoxical embolization due to an associated ASD
- Brain abscess
- Sudden cardiac death
- Bacterial endocarditis
- Transient ischemic attacks
- Stroke
Prognosis
The prognosis of Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve is extremely variable and depends on the spectrum of the severity of disease. The mortality depends upon the cardiac output. Intrauterine mortality is up to 85%. Among newborns the mortality 70% if cyanosis is present versus 15% if cyanosis is absent. The one-year survival is 67%, and the ten year survival is 59%.
References
- ↑ Walsh EP (October 2018). "Ebstein's Anomaly of the Tricuspid Valve: A Natural Laboratory for Re-Entrant Tachycardias". JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 4 (10): 1271–1288. doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2018.05.024. PMID 30336873.
- ↑ Freeman A, Byard RW (May 2018). "Ebstein Anomaly and Sudden Childhood Death". J. Forensic Sci. 63 (3): 969–971. doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13652. PMID 28940541.