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[[File:ECG in Andersen- Tawil Syndrome.jpg|alt=“U on P” sign and U-wave masquerading P-wave|center|thumb|“U on P” sign (black arrow). “U on P” sign (U-wave masquerading P-wave) ; the P-wave during sinus tachycardia is inscribed on the U-wave of the preceding beat. Case courtesy by Piotr Kukla et al<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4040873/|title=Electrocardiogram in Andersen-Tawil Syndrome. New Electrocardiographic Criteria for Diagnosis of Type-1 Andersen-Tawil Syndrome|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>|788x788px]]
[[File:ECG in Andersen- Tawil Syndrome.jpg|alt=“U on P” sign and U-wave masquerading P-wave|center|thumb|“U on P” sign (black arrow). “U on P” sign (U-wave masquerading P-wave) ; the P-wave during sinus tachycardia is inscribed on the U-wave of the preceding beat. Case courtesy by Piotr Kukla et al<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4040873/|title=Electrocardiogram in Andersen-Tawil Syndrome. New Electrocardiographic Criteria for Diagnosis of Type-1 Andersen-Tawil Syndrome|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>|788x788px]]
[[File:LQTS pattern in Andersen - Tawil syndrome (ATS).jpg|alt=Pseudo – LQTS pattern|center|thumb|Post- extrasystolic “pseudo – LQTS pattern” (arrows). This is detected in a sinus beat following a PVC. The fusion of T+U-waves can mimic LQTS. This pattern is not observed in the subsequent sinus beats. Case courtesy by Piotr Kukla et al<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4040873/|title=Electrocardiogram in Andersen-Tawil Syndrome. New Electrocardiographic Criteria for Diagnosis of Type-1 Andersen-Tawil Syndrome|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>|793x793px]]
[[File:LQTS pattern in Andersen - Tawil syndrome (ATS).jpg|alt=Pseudo – LQTS pattern|center|thumb|Post- extrasystolic “pseudo – LQTS pattern” (arrows). This is detected in a sinus beat following a PVC. The fusion of T+U-waves can mimic LQTS. This pattern is not observed in the subsequent sinus beats. Case courtesy by Piotr Kukla et al<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4040873/|title=Electrocardiogram in Andersen-Tawil Syndrome. New Electrocardiographic Criteria for Diagnosis of Type-1 Andersen-Tawil Syndrome|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>|793x793px]]
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[[File:Pseudo “Tee - Pee sign”.jpg|center|thumb|785x785px|Pseudo “Tee - Pee sign” (black arrow). Pseudo “Tee-pee sign” during a PVC, there is a prolongation of the descending limb of the T+U-wave. In ATS1, the QT interval can appeared prolonged and difficult to quantify because of a prominent U-wave. In order to properly determine the QT interval, the tangent technique should be carefully applied.Case courtesy by Piotr Kukla et al<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4040873/|title=Electrocardiogram in Andersen-Tawil Syndrome. New Electrocardiographic Criteria for Diagnosis of Type-1 Andersen-Tawil Syndrome|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>]]
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==References==
==References==
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Revision as of 17:44, 13 February 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Charmaine Patel, M.D. [2]; Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [3]

Overview

An ECG may be very helpful in the diagnosis of Andersen-Tawil Syndrome. Findings on an ECG diagnostic of Andersen-Tawil Syndrome include a long QTc (LQT) interval, U waves, wide T-U junction and T-waves.

Electrocardiogram

An ECG may be helpful in the diagnosis of Andersen-Tawil Syndrome. Findings on an ECG diagnostic of Andersen-Tawil Syndrome include:[1]

“U on P” sign and U-wave masquerading P-wave
“U on P” sign (black arrow). “U on P” sign (U-wave masquerading P-wave) ; the P-wave during sinus tachycardia is inscribed on the U-wave of the preceding beat. Case courtesy by Piotr Kukla et al[5]
Pseudo – LQTS pattern
Post- extrasystolic “pseudo – LQTS pattern” (arrows). This is detected in a sinus beat following a PVC. The fusion of T+U-waves can mimic LQTS. This pattern is not observed in the subsequent sinus beats. Case courtesy by Piotr Kukla et al[6]


Pseudo “Tee - Pee sign” (black arrow). Pseudo “Tee-pee sign” during a PVC, there is a prolongation of the descending limb of the T+U-wave. In ATS1, the QT interval can appeared prolonged and difficult to quantify because of a prominent U-wave. In order to properly determine the QT interval, the tangent technique should be carefully applied.Case courtesy by Piotr Kukla et al[7]


References

  1. ↑ Kukla P, Biernacka EK, Baranchuk A, Jastrzebski M, Jagodzinska M (2014). "Electrocardiogram in Andersen-Tawil syndrome. New electrocardiographic criteria for diagnosis of type-1 Andersen-Tawil syndrome". Curr Cardiol Rev. 10 (3): 222–8. doi:10.2174/1573403x10666140514102528. PMC 4040873. PMID 24827800.
  2. ↑ Zhang L, Benson DW, Tristani-Firouzi M, Ptacek LJ, Tawil R, Schwartz PJ; et al. (2005). "Electrocardiographic features in Andersen-Tawil syndrome patients with KCNJ2 mutations: characteristic T-U-wave patterns predict the KCNJ2 genotype". Circulation. 111 (21): 2720–6. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.472498. PMID 15911703.
  3. ↑ Khan IA (2002). "Clinical and therapeutic aspects of congenital and acquired long QT syndrome". Am J Med. 112 (1): 58–66. doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(01)01011-7. PMID 11812408.
  4. ↑ Passman R, Kadish A (2001). "Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, long Q-T syndrome, and torsades de pointes". Med Clin North Am. 85 (2): 321–41. doi:10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70318-7. PMID 11233951.
  5. ↑ "Electrocardiogram in Andersen-Tawil Syndrome. New Electrocardiographic Criteria for Diagnosis of Type-1 Andersen-Tawil Syndrome".
  6. ↑ "Electrocardiogram in Andersen-Tawil Syndrome. New Electrocardiographic Criteria for Diagnosis of Type-1 Andersen-Tawil Syndrome".
  7. ↑ "Electrocardiogram in Andersen-Tawil Syndrome. New Electrocardiographic Criteria for Diagnosis of Type-1 Andersen-Tawil Syndrome".


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