Endocardial cushion defect

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: Atrioventricular septal defect; atrioventricular canal defect; AV canal defect; AV septal defects; canalis atrioventricularis communis; persistent atrioventricular ostium; abnormal development of endocardial cushions

Overview

Endocardial cushion defects are often called atrioventricular canal or septal defects. This is not a single defect but a variety of defects that involve the atrial septum, one or both of the atrioventricular valves, or the ventricular septum.

Classification

There are two broad classes of defect:

1. Partial defects: There is atrial septal involvement, but there are separate mitral and tricuspid valve orifices.
2. Complete defects: There is the presence of both atrial and ventricular septal defects and there is a common AV valve.

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D.

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

• Relatively asymptomatic.
• Chronic upper respiratory tract infections, pneumonia, and poor growth may manifest due to poor nutrition.
• History of
  • Difficulty with crying
  • Frequent pauses during feeding
  • Nasal flaring.

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