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__NOTOC__ 
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{NN}}


'''<font size="4">[[Acute Kidney Injury]]</font>'''
__NOTOC__
----
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{NN}}<br>
<br><br>
'''<font size="3">Overview</font>'''
----
----


Acute kidney injury (AKI) or acute renal failure (ARF), is characterized by a rapid reduction of the renal filtration function, which is identified by a rise in serum creatinine concentration.<ref name="pmid15232604">{{cite journal| author=Schrier RW, Wang W, Poole B, Mitra A| title=Acute renal failure: definitions, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapy. | journal=J Clin Invest | year= 2004 | volume= 114 | issue= 1 | pages= 5-14 | pmid=15232604 | doi=10.1172/JCI22353 | pmc=437979 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15232604  }} </ref> <br><br>'''<font size="3">Historical Perspective</font>'''
'''Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19'''<br><br>
----<br><br>
'''For patient information, click [[Xyz (patient information)|here]]'''
'''<font size="3">Classification</font>'''
 
----
 
*Acute kidney injury is classified into three main groups:<br>1. Prerenal<br>2. Renal<br>3. Postrenal<br>
 
{| border="1"
{{SK}} [[Acute Kidney Injury]], [[Acute Renal Failure]], [[AKI]], [[ARF]]
|+ '''lab findings in AKI'''
 
! Type !! UOsm !! UNa !! FeNa !! BUN/Cr
==[[Xyz overview|Overview]]==
|-
 
! Prerenal
==[[Xyz historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
| >500 || <10 || <1% || >20
 
|-
==[[Xyz classification|Classification]]==
! Renal
 
|<350 || >20  || >2%  ||<10-15
==[[Xyz pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==
|-
 
!Postrenal
==[[Xyz causes|Causes]]==
| <350 || >40 || >4% ||  >20
 
|}
==[[Xyz differential diagnosis|Differentiating Xyz from other Diseases]]==
<br />
 
{| class="wikitable"
==[[Xyz epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
|+
 
!Type
==[[Xyz risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
!UOsm
 
!UNa
==[[Xyz screening|Screening]]==
!FeNa
 
!BUN/Cr
==[[Xyz natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
|-
 
|Prerenal
==Diagnosis==
|>500
[[Xyz diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic study of choice]] | [[Xyz history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Xyz physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Xyz laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Xyz electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Xyz x ray|X-Ray Findings]] | [[Xyz echocardiography and ultrasound|Echocardiography and Ultrasound]] | [[Xyz CT scan|CT-Scan Findings]] | [[Xyz MRI|MRI Findings]] | [[Xyz other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Xyz other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
|<10
 
|<1%
==Treatment==
|>20
[[Xyz medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Xyz interventions|Interventions]] | [[Xyz surgery|Surgery]] | [[Xyz primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Xyz secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Xyz cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Xyz future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
|-
 
|Renal
==Case Studies==
|<350
[[Xyz case study one|Case #1]]
|>20
|>2%
|<10-15
|-
|Postrenal
|<350
|>40
|>4%
|>20
|}


*Acute kidney injury is classified into three main groups:
[[Category: (name of the system)]]
**[[Prerenal]]
**[[Renal]]
**[[Postrenal]]<br><br>
{{Family tree/start}}
{{familytree | | | | | | | | | B01 | | | | | |B01=<font color="blue">AKI</font>}}
{{familytree | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| }}
{{familytree | | C01 | | | | | C02 | | | | | C03 |C01=[[Prerenal]]|C02=[[Renal]]|C03=[[Postrenal]]}}
{{Family tree| | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | }}
{{familytree | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| }}
{{Family tree| | |D01 | | | | D02 | | | | D03| | D01=•[[Nephrotoxicity]]<br>• contrast dyes<br>• [[Rhabdomyolysis]]<br>|D02=• [[Ischemia]]<br>• [[Hypoxia]]<br>• Hypotension<br>|D03=• [[Inflammation]]<br>• [[Sepsis]]<br>• [[Infection]]<br>}}
{{Family tree/end}}<br><br><br>
[[File:Etiologies of AKI.jpg|800px|left]]

Revision as of 12:36, 15 June 2020


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nasrin Nikravangolsefid, MD-MPH [2]

Acute Kidney Injury in COVID-19

For patient information, click here


Synonyms and keywords: Acute Kidney Injury, Acute Renal Failure, AKI, ARF

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Xyz from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic study of choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X-Ray Findings | Echocardiography and Ultrasound | CT-Scan Findings | MRI Findings | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Interventions | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

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