Tracheitis physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Patients with [disease name] usually appear [general appearance]. Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

Common physical examination findings of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is diagnostic of [disease name].

OR

The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is highly suggestive of [disease name].

Physical Examination

Physical examination of patients with tracheitis is usually remarkable for stridor, tracheal tenderness, and intercostal retractions.

Appearance of the Patient

• Patients with bacterial tracheitis may appear toxic, lethargic and in respiratory distress.

Vital Signs

• Fever

• Tachycardia

• Tachypnea

• Hypotension

Skin

• Cyanosis in impending respiratory distress

HEENT

• Inflamed nares / congested nares
• Purulent exudate from the nares
• Erythematous throat
• Mild drooling

Neck

• Lymphadenopathy may be present

Lungs

• Stridor (Inspiratory or Biphasic)
• Decreased chest expansion
• Coarse crackles upon auscultation of the lungs bilaterally
• Egophony present when pneumonia develops as a complication
• Bronchophony present when pneumonia develops as a complication

Heart

• Rapid heart rate can be heard on auscultation

Abdomen

• Abdominal examination of patients with tracheitis is usually normal.

Back

• Back examination of patients with tracheitis is usually normal.

Genitourinary

• Genitourinary examination of patients with tracheitis is usually normal.

Neuromuscular

• Neuromuscular examination of patients with tracheitis is usually normal
• Altered mental status/ acute confusion may be present in hypoxemic individuals

Extremities

• Cyanosis can be seen in hypoxemia.