COVID-19 associated pediatric complications: Difference between revisions

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; Symptoms
; Symptoms
*'''Fever''' and '''Cough''' are one of the most common symptoms reported in children.
*'''Fever''' and '''Cough''' are one of the most common symptoms reported in children.
** One study showed fever is prevalent in 47.5% of children and cough in 41.5% among the 1124 children with COVID-19.
** One study showed fever is prevalent in 47.5% of children and cough in 41.5% among the 1124 children with COVID-19<ref name="pmid32492251">{{cite journal| author=de Souza TH, Nadal JA, Nogueira RJN, Pereira RM, Brandão MB| title=Clinical manifestations of children with COVID-19: A systematic review. | journal=Pediatr Pulmonol | year= 2020 | volume=  | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=32492251 | doi=10.1002/ppul.24885 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32492251  }} </ref>.
**According to the CDC, fever, and cough was reported in 56% and 54% of children with COVID 19  
**According to the CDC, fever, and cough was reported in 56% and 54% of children with COVID 19  
* '''Dyspnea''', '''nasal congestion''', '''pharyngeal erythema''', and '''sore throat''' are also common presentations in children.
* '''Dyspnea''', '''nasal congestion''', '''pharyngeal erythema''', and '''sore throat''' are also common presentations in children.
Line 28: Line 28:
*'''Asymptomatic presentation'''-
*'''Asymptomatic presentation'''-
**A large number of children with COVID-19 are asymptomatic.  
**A large number of children with COVID-19 are asymptomatic.  
** According to one study 14.2% of children were asymptomatic. Another study showed 18% of asymptomatic children with COVID-19.
** According to one study 14.2% of children were asymptomatic. Another study showed 18% of asymptomatic children with COVID-19<ref name="pmid32492251">{{cite journal| author=de Souza TH, Nadal JA, Nogueira RJN, Pereira RM, Brandão MB| title=Clinical manifestations of children with COVID-19: A systematic review. | journal=Pediatr Pulmonol | year= 2020 | volume=  | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=32492251 | doi=10.1002/ppul.24885 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32492251  }} </ref>.
*'''Mild Disease'''
*'''Mild Disease'''
** Few numbers of children also present with mild manifestations of COVID-19.  
** Few numbers of children also present with mild manifestations of COVID-19.  
**A study showed 36.3% of children present with a mild form of the disease.
**A study showed 36.3% of children present with a mild form of the disease<ref name="pmid32492251">{{cite journal| author=de Souza TH, Nadal JA, Nogueira RJN, Pereira RM, Brandão MB| title=Clinical manifestations of children with COVID-19: A systematic review. | journal=Pediatr Pulmonol | year= 2020 | volume=  | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=32492251 | doi=10.1002/ppul.24885 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32492251  }} </ref>.
*'''Severe'''
*'''Severe'''
** 2.1% of children present with a severe form of COVID-19 disease.  
** 2.1% of children present with a severe form of COVID-19 disease<ref name="pmid32492251">{{cite journal| author=de Souza TH, Nadal JA, Nogueira RJN, Pereira RM, Brandão MB| title=Clinical manifestations of children with COVID-19: A systematic review. | journal=Pediatr Pulmonol | year= 2020 | volume=  | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=32492251 | doi=10.1002/ppul.24885 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32492251  }} </ref>.  
** Children with underlying comorbidities are more susceptible to getting severe COVID-19 disease.
** Children with underlying comorbidities are more susceptible to getting severe COVID-19 disease.


Revision as of 22:05, 19 June 2020

To go to the COVID-19 project topics list, click here.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Harmeet Kharoud M.D.[2]

Overview


Epidemiology and Demographics


Mode of transmission


Presentations


  • Presentation of COVID-19 is less severe in children as compared to adults.
  • According to CDC, as of April 2, 2020, 1.7% confirmed cases of COVID-19 were reported in children aged <18 years age among the total number of confirmed cases of COVID-19.
  • COVID-19 in children could range from asymptomatic presentation to mild to severe disease.
Symptoms
  • Fever and Cough are one of the most common symptoms reported in children.
    • One study showed fever is prevalent in 47.5% of children and cough in 41.5% among the 1124 children with COVID-19[1].
    • According to the CDC, fever, and cough was reported in 56% and 54% of children with COVID 19
  • Dyspnea, nasal congestion, pharyngeal erythema, and sore throat are also common presentations in children.
  • Gastrointestinal symptoms-The gastrointestinal manifestation in COVID-19 positive children are diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, nausea, and anorexia.
    • Children can present with gastrointestinal symptoms in the absence of respiratory symptoms.
  • Cutaneous Findings
Severity of Disease in Children with COVID-19
  • Asymptomatic presentation-
    • A large number of children with COVID-19 are asymptomatic.
    • According to one study 14.2% of children were asymptomatic. Another study showed 18% of asymptomatic children with COVID-19[1].
  • Mild Disease
    • Few numbers of children also present with mild manifestations of COVID-19.
    • A study showed 36.3% of children present with a mild form of the disease[1].
  • Severe
    • 2.1% of children present with a severe form of COVID-19 disease[1].
    • Children with underlying comorbidities are more susceptible to getting severe COVID-19 disease.


Complication 1

Complication 2

Diagnosis


Treatment


Prevention


References


  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 de Souza TH, Nadal JA, Nogueira RJN, Pereira RM, Brandão MB (2020). "Clinical manifestations of children with COVID-19: A systematic review". Pediatr Pulmonol. doi:10.1002/ppul.24885. PMID 32492251 Check |pmid= value (help).
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