Cauda equina syndrome: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| Line 49: | Line 49: | ||
'''History and Symptoms''' | '''History and Symptoms''' | ||
The most common symptoms of cauda equina syndrome include | The most common symptoms of cauda equina syndrome include | ||
*Intermittent [[low back pain|Lower back pain]] radiating to the lower extremities. | *Intermittent [[low back pain|Lower back pain]] radiating to the lower extremities. | ||
*Decreased [[Muscle weakness|muscle strength]] bilaterally | *Decreased [[Muscle weakness|muscle strength]] bilaterally.<ref name="pmid32049799">{{cite journal| author=Luo D, Ji C, Xu H, Feng H, Zhang H, Li K| title=Intradural disc herniation at L4/5 level causing Cauda equina syndrome: A case report. | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | year= 2020 | volume= 99 | issue= 7 | pages= e19025 | pmid=32049799 | doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000019025 | pmc=7035013 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32049799 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Fecal incontinence]] | *[[Fecal incontinence]]<ref name="pmid32049799">{{cite journal| author=Luo D, Ji C, Xu H, Feng H, Zhang H, Li K| title=Intradural disc herniation at L4/5 level causing Cauda equina syndrome: A case report. | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | year= 2020 | volume= 99 | issue= 7 | pages= e19025 | pmid=32049799 | doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000019025 | pmc=7035013 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32049799 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Urinary incontinence]] | *[[Urinary incontinence]]/ [[urinary retention|retention]]<ref name="pmid31923259">{{cite journal| author=Srikandarajah N, Noble A, Clark S, Wilby M, Freeman BJC, Fehlings MG | display-authors=etal| title=Cauda Equina Syndrome Core Outcome Set (CESCOS): An international patient and healthcare professional consensus for research studies. | journal=PLoS One | year= 2020 | volume= 15 | issue= 1 | pages= e0225907 | pmid=31923259 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0225907 | pmc=6953762 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31923259 }} </ref><ref name="pmid32049799">{{cite journal| author=Luo D, Ji C, Xu H, Feng H, Zhang H, Li K| title=Intradural disc herniation at L4/5 level causing Cauda equina syndrome: A case report. | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | year= 2020 | volume= 99 | issue= 7 | pages= e19025 | pmid=32049799 | doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000019025 | pmc=7035013 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=32049799 }} </ref> | ||
'''Physical Examination''' | '''Physical Examination''' | ||
Revision as of 03:30, 14 July 2020
| Cauda equina syndrome | ||
 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Cauda equina and filum terminale seen from behind. | ||
| ICD-10 | G83.4 | |
| ICD-9 | 344.6 | |
| DiseasesDB | 31115 | |
| MeSH | C10.668.829.800.750.700 | |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Joanna Ekabua, M.D. [2]
Overview
Cauda equina syndrome is an emergency medical condition requiring acute intervention in the form of acute decompression surgery to prevent permanent neurological damage to the urinary bladder, Intestine, sex organs and lower limbs.
Historical perspective
Classification
Cauda equina syndrome may be classified into Complete and incomplete.[1]
Pathophysiology
Causes
Cauda equina syndrome may be caused by[2]
Differentiating cauda equina syndrome from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
The incidence of cauda equina syndrome is 2 per 100,000 world wide.[1]
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
The most common symptoms of cauda equina syndrome include
- Intermittent Lower back pain radiating to the lower extremities.
- Decreased muscle strength bilaterally.[2]
- Fecal incontinence[2]
- Urinary incontinence/ retention[1][2]
Physical Examination
- Hypesthesia[2]
- Lasegue sign[2]
- Decreased knee and ankle reflex bilaterally. [2]
Laboratory findinds
X-ray
Ultrasound
CT Scan
- CT scans show herniated nucleus pulposus at the L4/5 level.
MRI
- In Lumbar disc herniation, MRI shows a disc mass filling most of the spinal canal compressing the cauda equina.[2]
Other Imaging Findings
Other Imaging Findings
Treatment
Medical Treatment
Surgery
Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for cauda equina syndrome. Procedures used include[2]
- Hemilaminectomy
- Transforaminal lumbar interbody infusion
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Srikandarajah N, Noble A, Clark S, Wilby M, Freeman BJC, Fehlings MG; et al. (2020). "Cauda Equina Syndrome Core Outcome Set (CESCOS): An international patient and healthcare professional consensus for research studies". PLoS One. 15 (1): e0225907. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0225907. PMC 6953762 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 31923259. - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Luo D, Ji C, Xu H, Feng H, Zhang H, Li K (2020). "Intradural disc herniation at L4/5 level causing Cauda equina syndrome: A case report". Medicine (Baltimore). 99 (7): e19025. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000019025. PMC 7035013 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 32049799 Check|pmid=value (help).
Template:Neuroscience-stub Template:Cerebral palsy and other paralytic syndromes [{Category:Needs patient information]] de:Cauda-equina-Syndrom