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Revision as of 13:57, 15 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Abdulkareem Opeoluwalukan, M.D.

Overview

Pentalogy of Fallot is defined as the occurrence of Tetralogy of Fallot plus an atrial septal defect.

Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa. paolo.pazzi@up.ac.za.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3984729/

Historical Perspective

Tetralogy of fallot was first discovered by Niel Stenson, a Denish physician Anatomist, in 1671. ^[1]

The association between right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and a large ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of fallot. was made in 1888 by Etinne-Louise.^[2]

In 1924, Canadian, Maude Abbott was the first to discover the association between ventricular septal defect , pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta and right ventricular hypertrophy and the development of tetralogy of Fallot.^[2]

Classification

There is no established system for the classification of pentalogy of fallot.

Pathophysiology

It is thought that conotruncal Diseases like tetralogy of fallot and pentalogy of fallot occur as a result of

Neural Crest migration defect.
Underdevelopment of right ventricular infundibulum.^[3]

Causes

The cause of pentalogy of fallot has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of pentalogy of fallot, click here.

Differentiating pentalogy of fallot from other Diseases

Pentalogy of Fallot must be differentiated from other diseases that cause .^[1]

Right to left shunt

Transposition of great arteries with Pulmonic stenosis
Double outlet right ventricle including Taussig-Bing anomaly
Tricuspid atresia
Ebstein Anomaly
Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
Respiratory diseases

Bronchiolitis,
Viral and bacterial Pneumonia
Pneumothorax because when they are in heart failure they present with signs of respiratory distress, cyanosis and failure to thrive

Bidirectional shunt diseases

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return,
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome,
Single ventricle
Truncus arteriosus.

Epidemiology and Demographics

The epidemiology of pentalogy of fallot has not been well studied.

Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of pentalogy of fallot includes^[4]

Alcoholism in mother
Maternal Diabetes
Advanced maternal age i.e greater than 40 years
Malnutrition in pregnancy
Family history of tetralogy of fallot
Viral illness during pregnancy like Rubella.
Presence of Down syndrome or DiGeorge syndrome

Screening

There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for pentalogy of fallot.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

If left untreated, patients with pentalogy of fallot may progress to develop finger clubbing, stunted growth, cardiac arrhythmias, hypoplastic pulmonary artery, paradoxical emboli and polycythemia .^[3]

Prognosis is generally excellent provided the VSD has been closed and the right ventricular outflow tract has been relieved.^[5]

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of pentalogy fallot.

History and Symptoms

The hallmark of pentalogy of fallot is cyanosis. A positive history of cyanosis and easy fatigability leading to squatting during exercise is suggestive of cyanotic congenital heart defect.^[5] . The most common symptoms of pentalogy of fallot include cyanosis, easy fatigabillity , and hypercyanotic spells with crying , feeding and defecating.^[5]

Physical Examination

Patients with Pentalogy of Fallot appear cyanotic.^[3] Physical examination of patients with Pentalogy of Fallot is usually remarkable for

Right Ventricular Heave. ^[6]
Elevated Jugular Venous pressure.^[6]
Finger clubbing. ^[3]
Displaced Apex beat^[3].
Normal S1 with single S2.^[6]
Peripheral edema^[6].
Diastolic murmur at the left sternal border. ^[6]
Systolic Murmur increasing with inspiration at the left sternal border^[6].

Laboratory Findings

Some patients with pentalogy of fallot may have polycythemia which is usually suggestive of worsening hypoxia and compensatory production of erythropoetin.^[5]

.

Electrocardiogram

An ECG may be helpful in the diagnosis of pentalogy of fallot, Findings on an ECG suggestive of pentalogy of fallot include right axis deviation and right ventricular hypertrophy.^[5]

Echocardiography Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3874376/

X-ray

An x-ray may be helpful in the diagnosis of pentalogy of Fallot. Findings on an x-ray suggestive of pentalogy of fallot include boot shaped heart or coeur en sabot.^[5]

.

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Echocardiography may be helpful in the diagnosis of pentalogy of fallot. Findings on an echocardiography diagnostic of pentalogy of fallot include.^[5]

Ventricular septal defect.
Atrial septal defect.
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
overriding aorta
Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3299189/

CT scan

Thoracic CT angiography may be helpful in the diagnosis of pentalogy of fallot. Findings on CT scan diagnostic of pentalogy of fallot include. ^[7]

MRI

cardiac MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of pentalogy of fallot. Findings on MRI diagnostic of pentalogy of fallot include RVOT stenosis, VSD, ASD,Overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy and hypoplastic pulmonary arteries.^[7]

Other Imaging Findings

Other imaging findings for pentalogy of fallot include Right ventricular angiopraphy which demonstrates infundibular and pulmonary artery anatomy. left ventricular angiography, which demonstrates. ^[5]

Other Diagnostic Studies

There are no other diagnostic studies associated with pentalogy of Fallot

Treatment

Medical Therapy

The mainstay of treatment for pentalogy of fallot is Surgery.^[5]

Pharmacologic medical therapy is recommended among patients with severe RVOTO and hypercyanotic spells.^[5]

Pharmacologic medical therapies for pentalogy of fallot include.^[5]

prostaglandin E1 in neonates with ductal dependent pulmonary blood flow
Morphine and ketamine for sedation
vasopressors like phenylephrine
propanolol to decrease the need for palliative surgical intervention.
iron treatment to decrease frequency of spells.

Patients with hypercyanotic spells are treated with,

oxygen
volume expansion
morphine sedation.

Surgery

Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for pentalogy of fallot. interventional procedures are used to relieve pulmonary obstructions and embolize colaterals. different surgical procedures can be done to treat pentalogy of fallot and it includes.^[5]

Pulmonary valvotomy( for stenotic pulmonic valve)
Pulmonary valvectomy( for small and thickened pulmonic valve)
Closure of ASD/VSD
Shunt surgery for severe cyanosis or in patients with frequent spells in the first year of life
Blalock -Taussig Shunt- communication between the right or left pulmonary artery and the right or left subclavian artery.
Waterson-Cooley Shunt- communication between the ascending aorta with the right pulmonary artery
Potts shunt-communication between the descending aorta and left pulmonary artery
Central shunt- Communication between the main pulmonary artery and ascending aorta.

Primary Prevention

There are no established measures for the primary prevention of pentalogy of fallot .

Secondary Prevention

There are no established measures for the secondary prevention of pentalogy of fallot

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Diaz-Frias J, Guillaume M. PMID 30020660. Missing or empty |title= (help)
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Apitz, Christian; Webb, Gary D; Redington, Andrew N (2009). "Tetralogy of Fallot". The Lancet. 374 (9699): 1462–1471. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60657-7. ISSN 0140-6736.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 OM, Akinlade; JA, Ogunmodede; OA, Adeyemi; WO, Yusuf; RO, Awodun; YA, Ayoola; IA, Yusuf; PM, Kolo (2020). "Adult Nigerian with Untreated Pentalogy of Fallot: A Case Report". Asploro Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Case Reports. 3 (1): 62–66. doi:10.36502/2020/ASJBCCR.6187. ISSN 2582-0370.
↑ Silva, Joana A.; Neves, Ana L.; Flor-de-Lima, Filipa; Soares, Paulo; Guimarães, Hercília (2019). "Risk Factors and Outcomes of Tetralogy of Fallot: From Fetal to Neonatal Life". Pediatric Cardiology. 41 (1): 155–164. doi:10.1007/s00246-019-02239-4. ISSN 0172-0643.
↑ ^5.00 ^5.01 ^5.02 ^5.03 ^5.04 ^5.05 ^5.06 ^5.07 ^5.08 ^5.09 ^5.10 ^5.11 Braun-Falco, Markus; Mankin, Henry J.; Wenger, Sharon L.; Braun-Falco, Markus; Kendall, Stephan DiSean; Blobe, Gerard C.; Weber, Christoph K.; Lorenz, Richard; Adler, Guido; Whitcomb, David C.; Yadav, Dhiraj; Bode, Johannes; Wabitsch, Martin; Debatin, Klaus-Michael; Posovzsky, Pamela Fischer; Hassan, Akmal; Megahed, Mosaad; Lundgren, Tord M.; Pfister, Markus; Zenner, Hans-Peter; Berardi, Rossana; Pierantoni, Chiara; Scartozzi, Mario; Cascinu, Stefano; Hendy, Geoffrey N.; Schwarz, Johannes; Storch, Alexander; Schnog, John-John B.; Gerdes, Victor E. A.; Schneider, Susanne A.; Bhatia, Kailash P.; Gittenberger-de Groot, Adriana C.; Bökenkamp, Regina; DeRuiter, Marco C.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Wong, Andrew L.; Lang, Undine E.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Seyhan, Muammer; Hofmann, Silke; Bruckner-Tuderman, Leena; Hofmann, Silke; Bruckner-Tuderman, Leena; Hofmann, Silke; Bruckner-Tuderman, Leena; Kopp, Peter; Forrest, Douglas; Misirlioğlu, Emine Dibek; Alpan, Nursel; Oette, Mark; Imazio, Massimo; Chinnaiyan, Kavitha M.; Mehta, Laxmi S.; Bhat, Mushtaq A.; Bhat, Javeed I.; Stöber, Gerald; Reis, André; Rémi, Jan; Noachtar, Soheyl; Jurkat-Rott, Karin; Lehmann-Horn, Frank; Holzhausen, Marinella; Vergnolle, Nathalie; Schillinger, Martin; Gdynia, Hans-Jürgen; Ludolph, Albert C.; Namdar, Thomas; Eisenberger, Claus Ferdinand; Knoefel, Wolfram Trudo; Ginés, Pere; Guevara, Mónica; Cuesta-Muñoz, Antonio L.; Eijer, Henk; Böhm, Markus; Luger, Thomas A.; Güttler, Flemming; Guldberg, Per; Koch, Richard; Moseley, Kathryn; Eisenhofer, Graeme; Pacak, Karel; Leonard, James V.; Jaeken, Jaak; Becker, Michael A.; Stephani, Ulrich; Frazier, Kendall S.; Böhm, Markus; Luger, Thomas A.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Sauve, Reginald S.; Matejas, Verena; Zenker, Martin; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Robson, William Lane M.; Beissert, Stefan; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Robson, William Lane M.; Woo, Tom Y.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Cate, Hugo Ten; Light, Richard W.; Bozza, Patricia T.; Salluh, Jorge I.; Jantz, Michael A.; Vargas, Sergio L.; Tomic, Rade; Roman, Jesse; Mobeireek, Abdullah F.; Khalid, Mohammad; Torres, Harrys A.; Chemaly, Roy F.; Tomic, Rade; Roman, Jesse; Light, Richard W.; Dispenzieri, Angela; Krause, Sabine; Lochmüller, Hanns; Weihrauch, Julia; Krieg, Thomas; Kühn, Wolfgang; Walz, Gerd; Merker, Georg H.; Kubitz, Ralf; Häussinger, Dieter; Schnog, John-John B.; Gerdes, Victor E. A.; Musco, Giovanna; Stoll, Guido; Toyka, Klaus V.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Robson, William Lane M.; Böhm, Markus; Luger, Thomas A.; Pischik, Elena; Kauppinen, Raili; Frank, Jorge; Schwarz, Thomas; Thapar, Manish; Bonkovsky, Herbert. L.; Wagner, Jeffrey C.; Smith, A. Gordon; Mela, Maria; Thalheimer, Ulrich; Samonakis, Dimitrios; Burroughs, Andrew K.; Mela, Maria; Thalheimer, Ulrich; Samonakis, Dimitrios; Burroughs, Andrew K.; Shastri, Yogesh M.; Stein, Jürgen M.; Segman, Ronnen H.; Shalev, Arieh Y.; Jacob, Giris; Robertson, David; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Robson, William Lane M.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Lampinen, Katja; Kublickiene, Karolina; Kaaja, Risto; Lenarczyk, Radosław; Kowalski, Oskar; Kalarus, Zbigniew; Wichterle, Dan; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Maguire, Jamie; Mody, Istvan; Janssens, Katrien; Vanhoenacker, Filip; Van Hul, Wim; Gdynia, Hans-Jürgen; Ludolph, Albert C.; Leonard, James V.; Cate, Hugo Ten; Geboes, Karel; Van Assche, Gert; Cate, Hugo Ten; Berden, Jo H. M.; Van Kuppevelt, Toin H.; Rops, Angelique L.; Cate, Hugo Ten; Cate, Hugo Ten; Frank, Jorge; Schwarz, Thomas; Ambros-Rudolph, Christina M.; Lamounier-Zepter, Valéria; Thomas, Christie P.; Thomas, Christie P.; Thomas, Christie P.; Koch, Christian A.; Weinstein, Lee S.; Silve, Caroline; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Uitto, Jouni; Jiang, Qiujie; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Robson, William Lane M.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Yildiz, Orhan; Kayabas, Uner; Hegele, Richard G.; Tournier, Jean-Nicolas; Halefoğlu, Ahmet Mesrur; Hutson, Mary Redmond; Kirby, Margaret L.; Okada, Fumito; Ando, Yumiko; Ono, Asami; Mori, Hiromu; Moore, Timothy M.; Townsley, Mary I.; Krauth, Maria-T.; Pabinger, Ingrid; Ballmann, Manfred; Hegele, Richard G.; Trow, Terence K.; McLaughlin, Vallerie V.; Hegele, Richard G.; Fetouh Yassin, Atteyet-Alla; Uebing, Anselm; Gatzoulis, Michael A.; Gardiner, Helena M.; Ma, Lucia K.; Ma, Patrick T. S.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Prieto, Lourdes; Latson, Larry; Keller, Nancy R.; Robertson, David; Fairbanks, Lynette D.; Simmonds, H. Anne; Brunner, Martina; Zouboulis, Christos C.; Everts, Vincent; Helfrich, Miep; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Wong, Andrew L.; Von Den Driesch, Peter; Bitsch, Roland; Bitsch, Roland; Bitsch, Roland; García-Cazorla, Angels; Saudubray, Jean Marie (2009). "Pentalogy of Fallot": 1602–1605. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 ^6.4 ^6.5 Parwani, Purvi; Phillips, Sabrina (2016). "IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 67 (13): 1101. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(16)31102-0. ISSN 0735-1097.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Lapierre, C.; Dubois, J.; Rypens, F.; Raboisson, M.-J.; Déry, J. (2016). "Tetralogy of Fallot: Preoperative assessment with MR and CT imaging". Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging. 97 (5): 531–541. doi:10.1016/j.diii.2016.01.009. ISSN 2211-5684.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid30020660-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Diaz-Frias J, Guillaume M. PMID 30020660. Missing or empty |title= (help)

[ApitzWebb2009-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Apitz, Christian; Webb, Gary D; Redington, Andrew N (2009). "Tetralogy of Fallot". The Lancet. 374 (9699): 1462–1471. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60657-7. ISSN 0140-6736.

[OMJA2020-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 ^3.4 OM, Akinlade; JA, Ogunmodede; OA, Adeyemi; WO, Yusuf; RO, Awodun; YA, Ayoola; IA, Yusuf; PM, Kolo (2020). "Adult Nigerian with Untreated Pentalogy of Fallot: A Case Report". Asploro Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Case Reports. 3 (1): 62–66. doi:10.36502/2020/ASJBCCR.6187. ISSN 2582-0370.

[SilvaNeves2019-4] Silva, Joana A.; Neves, Ana L.; Flor-de-Lima, Filipa; Soares, Paulo; Guimarães, Hercília (2019). "Risk Factors and Outcomes of Tetralogy of Fallot: From Fetal to Neonatal Life". Pediatric Cardiology. 41 (1): 155–164. doi:10.1007/s00246-019-02239-4. ISSN 0172-0643.

[Braun-FalcoMankin2009-5] 5.00 ^5.01 ^5.02 ^5.03 ^5.04 ^5.05 ^5.06 ^5.07 ^5.08 ^5.09 ^5.10 ^5.11 Braun-Falco, Markus; Mankin, Henry J.; Wenger, Sharon L.; Braun-Falco, Markus; Kendall, Stephan DiSean; Blobe, Gerard C.; Weber, Christoph K.; Lorenz, Richard; Adler, Guido; Whitcomb, David C.; Yadav, Dhiraj; Bode, Johannes; Wabitsch, Martin; Debatin, Klaus-Michael; Posovzsky, Pamela Fischer; Hassan, Akmal; Megahed, Mosaad; Lundgren, Tord M.; Pfister, Markus; Zenner, Hans-Peter; Berardi, Rossana; Pierantoni, Chiara; Scartozzi, Mario; Cascinu, Stefano; Hendy, Geoffrey N.; Schwarz, Johannes; Storch, Alexander; Schnog, John-John B.; Gerdes, Victor E. A.; Schneider, Susanne A.; Bhatia, Kailash P.; Gittenberger-de Groot, Adriana C.; Bökenkamp, Regina; DeRuiter, Marco C.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Wong, Andrew L.; Lang, Undine E.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Seyhan, Muammer; Hofmann, Silke; Bruckner-Tuderman, Leena; Hofmann, Silke; Bruckner-Tuderman, Leena; Hofmann, Silke; Bruckner-Tuderman, Leena; Kopp, Peter; Forrest, Douglas; Misirlioğlu, Emine Dibek; Alpan, Nursel; Oette, Mark; Imazio, Massimo; Chinnaiyan, Kavitha M.; Mehta, Laxmi S.; Bhat, Mushtaq A.; Bhat, Javeed I.; Stöber, Gerald; Reis, André; Rémi, Jan; Noachtar, Soheyl; Jurkat-Rott, Karin; Lehmann-Horn, Frank; Holzhausen, Marinella; Vergnolle, Nathalie; Schillinger, Martin; Gdynia, Hans-Jürgen; Ludolph, Albert C.; Namdar, Thomas; Eisenberger, Claus Ferdinand; Knoefel, Wolfram Trudo; Ginés, Pere; Guevara, Mónica; Cuesta-Muñoz, Antonio L.; Eijer, Henk; Böhm, Markus; Luger, Thomas A.; Güttler, Flemming; Guldberg, Per; Koch, Richard; Moseley, Kathryn; Eisenhofer, Graeme; Pacak, Karel; Leonard, James V.; Jaeken, Jaak; Becker, Michael A.; Stephani, Ulrich; Frazier, Kendall S.; Böhm, Markus; Luger, Thomas A.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Sauve, Reginald S.; Matejas, Verena; Zenker, Martin; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Robson, William Lane M.; Beissert, Stefan; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Robson, William Lane M.; Woo, Tom Y.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Cate, Hugo Ten; Light, Richard W.; Bozza, Patricia T.; Salluh, Jorge I.; Jantz, Michael A.; Vargas, Sergio L.; Tomic, Rade; Roman, Jesse; Mobeireek, Abdullah F.; Khalid, Mohammad; Torres, Harrys A.; Chemaly, Roy F.; Tomic, Rade; Roman, Jesse; Light, Richard W.; Dispenzieri, Angela; Krause, Sabine; Lochmüller, Hanns; Weihrauch, Julia; Krieg, Thomas; Kühn, Wolfgang; Walz, Gerd; Merker, Georg H.; Kubitz, Ralf; Häussinger, Dieter; Schnog, John-John B.; Gerdes, Victor E. A.; Musco, Giovanna; Stoll, Guido; Toyka, Klaus V.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Robson, William Lane M.; Böhm, Markus; Luger, Thomas A.; Pischik, Elena; Kauppinen, Raili; Frank, Jorge; Schwarz, Thomas; Thapar, Manish; Bonkovsky, Herbert. L.; Wagner, Jeffrey C.; Smith, A. Gordon; Mela, Maria; Thalheimer, Ulrich; Samonakis, Dimitrios; Burroughs, Andrew K.; Mela, Maria; Thalheimer, Ulrich; Samonakis, Dimitrios; Burroughs, Andrew K.; Shastri, Yogesh M.; Stein, Jürgen M.; Segman, Ronnen H.; Shalev, Arieh Y.; Jacob, Giris; Robertson, David; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Robson, William Lane M.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Lampinen, Katja; Kublickiene, Karolina; Kaaja, Risto; Lenarczyk, Radosław; Kowalski, Oskar; Kalarus, Zbigniew; Wichterle, Dan; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Maguire, Jamie; Mody, Istvan; Janssens, Katrien; Vanhoenacker, Filip; Van Hul, Wim; Gdynia, Hans-Jürgen; Ludolph, Albert C.; Leonard, James V.; Cate, Hugo Ten; Geboes, Karel; Van Assche, Gert; Cate, Hugo Ten; Berden, Jo H. M.; Van Kuppevelt, Toin H.; Rops, Angelique L.; Cate, Hugo Ten; Cate, Hugo Ten; Frank, Jorge; Schwarz, Thomas; Ambros-Rudolph, Christina M.; Lamounier-Zepter, Valéria; Thomas, Christie P.; Thomas, Christie P.; Thomas, Christie P.; Koch, Christian A.; Weinstein, Lee S.; Silve, Caroline; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Uitto, Jouni; Jiang, Qiujie; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Robson, William Lane M.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Yildiz, Orhan; Kayabas, Uner; Hegele, Richard G.; Tournier, Jean-Nicolas; Halefoğlu, Ahmet Mesrur; Hutson, Mary Redmond; Kirby, Margaret L.; Okada, Fumito; Ando, Yumiko; Ono, Asami; Mori, Hiromu; Moore, Timothy M.; Townsley, Mary I.; Krauth, Maria-T.; Pabinger, Ingrid; Ballmann, Manfred; Hegele, Richard G.; Trow, Terence K.; McLaughlin, Vallerie V.; Hegele, Richard G.; Fetouh Yassin, Atteyet-Alla; Uebing, Anselm; Gatzoulis, Michael A.; Gardiner, Helena M.; Ma, Lucia K.; Ma, Patrick T. S.; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Prieto, Lourdes; Latson, Larry; Keller, Nancy R.; Robertson, David; Fairbanks, Lynette D.; Simmonds, H. Anne; Brunner, Martina; Zouboulis, Christos C.; Everts, Vincent; Helfrich, Miep; Leung, Alexander K. C.; Wong, Andrew L.; Von Den Driesch, Peter; Bitsch, Roland; Bitsch, Roland; Bitsch, Roland; García-Cazorla, Angels; Saudubray, Jean Marie (2009). "Pentalogy of Fallot": 1602–1605. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393.

[ParwaniPhillips2016-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 ^6.3 ^6.4 ^6.5 Parwani, Purvi; Phillips, Sabrina (2016). "IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 67 (13): 1101. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(16)31102-0. ISSN 0735-1097.

[LapierreDubois2016-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Lapierre, C.; Dubois, J.; Rypens, F.; Raboisson, M.-J.; Déry, J. (2016). "Tetralogy of Fallot: Preoperative assessment with MR and CT imaging". Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging. 97 (5): 531–541. doi:10.1016/j.diii.2016.01.009. ISSN 2211-5684.

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@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 *[[Tetrallogy of fallot|Tetralogy of fallot]]  was first discovered by Niel Stenson, a Denish physician Anatomist, in 1671. <ref name="pmid30020660">{{cite journal |vauthors=Diaz-Frias J, Guillaume M |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=30020660 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
-* The association between right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and a large [[ventricular septal defect]]  and tetralogy of fallot. was made in 1888 by Etinne-Louise.<ref name="ApitzWebb2009">{{cite journal|last1=Apitz|first1=Christian|last2=Webb|first2=Gary D|last3=Redington|first3=Andrew N|title=Tetralogy of Fallot|journal=The Lancet|volume=374|issue=9699|year=2009|pages=1462–1471|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60657-7}}</ref>
+* The association between [[right ventricular outflow tract obstruction]] and a large [[ventricular septal defect]]  and [[Tetralogy of Fallot|tetralogy of fallot]]. was made in 1888 by Etinne-Louise.<ref name="ApitzWebb2009">{{cite journal|last1=Apitz|first1=Christian|last2=Webb|first2=Gary D|last3=Redington|first3=Andrew N|title=Tetralogy of Fallot|journal=The Lancet|volume=374|issue=9699|year=2009|pages=1462–1471|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60657-7}}</ref>
-* In 1924, Canadian, Maude Abbott was the first to discover the association between ventricular septal defect , pulmonary stenosis, overriding aorta and right ventricular hypertrophy and the development of tetralogy of Fallot.<ref name="ApitzWebb2009">{{cite journal|last1=Apitz|first1=Christian|last2=Webb|first2=Gary D|last3=Redington|first3=Andrew N|title=Tetralogy of Fallot|journal=The Lancet|volume=374|issue=9699|year=2009|pages=1462–1471|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60657-7}}</ref
+* In 1924, Canadian, Maude Abbott was the first to discover the association between [[ventricular septal defect]] , [[Pulmonary valve stenosis|pulmonary stenosis]], [[overriding aorta]] and [[right ventricular hypertrophy]] and the development of [[tetralogy of Fallot]].<ref name="ApitzWebb2009">{{cite journal|last1=Apitz|first1=Christian|last2=Webb|first2=Gary D|last3=Redington|first3=Andrew N|title=Tetralogy of Fallot|journal=The Lancet|volume=374|issue=9699|year=2009|pages=1462–1471|issn=01406736|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60657-7}}</ref
-In 1939, the first surgical treatment  was developed by  Dr Helen Taussig in Johns Hopkins&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;&&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;lt;nowiki&lt;nowiki&gt;&&lt;/nowiki&gt;gt;<nowiki>&</nowiki>lt;nowiki<nowiki>&</nowiki>gt;<nowiki>&lt;nowiki&gt;<ref name="pmid30020660">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</nowiki>&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Diaz-Frias J, Guillaume M |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=30020660 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
+In 1939, the first surgical treatment  was developed by  Dr Helen Taussig in Johns Hopkins&amp;amp;lt;nowiki&amp;amp;gt;&&amp;amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;amp;gt;lt;nowiki&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;&&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&&lt;/nowiki&gt;lt;nowiki<nowiki>&</nowiki>gt;<nowiki>&lt;nowiki&gt;<ref name="pmid30020660">&lt;/nowiki&gt;</nowiki>&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;{{cite journal |vauthors=Diaz-Frias J, Guillaume M |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |date= |pmid=30020660 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
 ==Classification==
@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 ===Right to left shunt===
-*[[Transposition of the great vessels|Transposition of great arteries]] with Pulmonic stenosis
+*[[Transposition of the great vessels|Transposition of great arteries]] with [[Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction|Pulmonic stenosis]]
-* Double outlet right ventricle including Taussig-Bing anomaly
+*[[Double outlet right ventricle]] including [[Taussig-Bing syndrome|Taussig-Bing anomaly]]
 *[[Tricuspid atresia]]
 * Ebstein Anomaly
-*[[Pulmonary atresia]] with intact ventricular septum
+*[[Pulmonary atresia]] with intact [[Interventricular septum|ventricular septum]]
 *Respiratory diseases
 * Bronchiolitis,
 *Viral and bacterial [[Pneumonia]]
-*[[Pneumothorax]] because when they are in heart failure they present with signs of respiratory distress, cyanosis and failure to thrive
+*[[Pneumothorax]] because when they are in [[Congestive heart failure|heart failure]] they present with signs of respiratory distress, [[cyanosis]] and [[failure to thrive]]
 === Bidirectional shunt  diseases===
 *  Total anomalous pulmonary venous return,
 *[[Hypoplastic left heart syndrome]],
-* Single ventricle
+*[[Single ventricle]]
 *[[Persistent truncus arteriosus|Truncus arteriosus]].
@@ Line 65: / Line 65: @@
 Common risk factors in the development of pentalogy of fallot includes<ref name="SilvaNeves2019">{{cite journal|last1=Silva|first1=Joana A.|last2=Neves|first2=Ana L.|last3=Flor-de-Lima|first3=Filipa|last4=Soares|first4=Paulo|last5=Guimarães|first5=Hercília|title=Risk Factors and Outcomes of Tetralogy of Fallot: From Fetal to Neonatal Life|journal=Pediatric Cardiology|volume=41|issue=1|year=2019|pages=155–164|issn=0172-0643|doi=10.1007/s00246-019-02239-4}}</ref>
-* Alcoholism in mother
+*[[Alcoholism]] in mother
-* Maternal Diabetes
+* Maternal [[Diabetes]]
 * Advanced maternal age i.e greater than 40 years
-* Malnutrition in pregnancy
+*[[Malnutrition]] in pregnancy
-* Family history of tetralogy of fallot
+* Family history of [[Tetralogy of Fallot|tetralogy of fallot]]
 * Viral illness during pregnancy like [[Rubella]].
 * Presence of [[Down syndrome]] or [[22q11.2 deletion syndrome|DiGeorge syndrome]]
@@ Line 77: / Line 77: @@
 ==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis==
-If left untreated,  patients with pentalogy of fallot  may progress to develop finger clubbing, stunted growth,  cardiac arrhythmias, hypoplastic pulmonary artery, paradoxical emboli and [[polycythemia]] .<ref name="OMJA2020">{{cite journal|last1=OM|first1=Akinlade|last2=JA|first2=Ogunmodede|last3=OA|first3=Adeyemi|last4=WO|first4=Yusuf|last5=RO|first5=Awodun|last6=YA|first6=Ayoola|last7=IA|first7=Yusuf|last8=PM|first8=Kolo|title=Adult Nigerian with Untreated Pentalogy of Fallot: A Case Report|journal=Asploro Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Case Reports|volume=3|issue=1|year=2020|pages=62–66|issn=2582-0370|doi=10.36502/2020/ASJBCCR.6187}}</ref>
+If left untreated,  patients with pentalogy of fallot  may progress to develop [[Clubbing|finger clubbing]], [[stunted growth]],  [[Cardiac arrhythmia|cardiac arrhythmias]], hypoplastic pulmonary artery, [[Paradoxical embolism|paradoxical emboli]] and [[polycythemia]] .<ref name="OMJA2020">{{cite journal|last1=OM|first1=Akinlade|last2=JA|first2=Ogunmodede|last3=OA|first3=Adeyemi|last4=WO|first4=Yusuf|last5=RO|first5=Awodun|last6=YA|first6=Ayoola|last7=IA|first7=Yusuf|last8=PM|first8=Kolo|title=Adult Nigerian with Untreated Pentalogy of Fallot: A Case Report|journal=Asploro Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Case Reports|volume=3|issue=1|year=2020|pages=62–66|issn=2582-0370|doi=10.36502/2020/ASJBCCR.6187}}</ref>
-Prognosis is generally excellent provided the  [[Ventricular septal defect|VSD]] has been closed and the right ventricular outflow tract has been relieved.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. 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C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. 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+Prognosis is generally excellent provided the  [[Ventricular septal defect|VSD]] has been closed and the [[right ventricular outflow tract]] has been relieved.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
 ==Diagnosis==
@@ Line 90: / Line 90: @@
 ===History and Symptoms===
-The hallmark of pentalogy of fallot  is cyanosis. A positive history of cyanosis and easy fatigability leading to squatting during exercise is suggestive of cyanotic congenital heart defect.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
+The hallmark of pentalogy of fallot  is [[cyanosis]]. A positive history of [[cyanosis]] and easy fatigability leading to squatting during exercise is suggestive of cyanotic congenital heart defect.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
-. The most common symptoms of pentalogy of fallot include cyanosis, easy fatigabillity , and hypercyanotic spells with crying , feeding and defecating.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
+. The most common symptoms of pentalogy of fallot include [[cyanosis]], easy fatigabillity , and hypercyanotic spells with crying , feeding and defecating.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
 ==Physical Examination==
@@ Line 97: / Line 97: @@
 * Right Ventricular Heave. <ref name="ParwaniPhillips2016">{{cite journal|last1=Parwani|first1=Purvi|last2=Phillips|first2=Sabrina|title=IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=67|issue=13|year=2016|pages=1101|issn=07351097|doi=10.1016/S0735-1097(16)31102-0}}</ref>
 * Elevated Jugular Venous pressure.<ref name="ParwaniPhillips2016">{{cite journal|last1=Parwani|first1=Purvi|last2=Phillips|first2=Sabrina|title=IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=67|issue=13|year=2016|pages=1101|issn=07351097|doi=10.1016/S0735-1097(16)31102-0}}</ref>
-* Finger clubbing. <ref name="OMJA2020">{{cite journal|last1=OM|first1=Akinlade|last2=JA|first2=Ogunmodede|last3=OA|first3=Adeyemi|last4=WO|first4=Yusuf|last5=RO|first5=Awodun|last6=YA|first6=Ayoola|last7=IA|first7=Yusuf|last8=PM|first8=Kolo|title=Adult Nigerian with Untreated Pentalogy of Fallot: A Case Report|journal=Asploro Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Case Reports|volume=3|issue=1|year=2020|pages=62–66|issn=2582-0370|doi=10.36502/2020/ASJBCCR.6187}}</ref>
+*[[Clubbing|Finger clubbing]]. <ref name="OMJA2020">{{cite journal|last1=OM|first1=Akinlade|last2=JA|first2=Ogunmodede|last3=OA|first3=Adeyemi|last4=WO|first4=Yusuf|last5=RO|first5=Awodun|last6=YA|first6=Ayoola|last7=IA|first7=Yusuf|last8=PM|first8=Kolo|title=Adult Nigerian with Untreated Pentalogy of Fallot: A Case Report|journal=Asploro Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Case Reports|volume=3|issue=1|year=2020|pages=62–66|issn=2582-0370|doi=10.36502/2020/ASJBCCR.6187}}</ref>
 * Displaced Apex beat<ref name="OMJA2020">{{cite journal|last1=OM|first1=Akinlade|last2=JA|first2=Ogunmodede|last3=OA|first3=Adeyemi|last4=WO|first4=Yusuf|last5=RO|first5=Awodun|last6=YA|first6=Ayoola|last7=IA|first7=Yusuf|last8=PM|first8=Kolo|title=Adult Nigerian with Untreated Pentalogy of Fallot: A Case Report|journal=Asploro Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Case Reports|volume=3|issue=1|year=2020|pages=62–66|issn=2582-0370|doi=10.36502/2020/ASJBCCR.6187}}</ref>.
 * Normal S1 with single S2.<ref name="ParwaniPhillips2016">{{cite journal|last1=Parwani|first1=Purvi|last2=Phillips|first2=Sabrina|title=IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=67|issue=13|year=2016|pages=1101|issn=07351097|doi=10.1016/S0735-1097(16)31102-0}}</ref>
-* Peripheral edema<ref name="ParwaniPhillips2016">{{cite journal|last1=Parwani|first1=Purvi|last2=Phillips|first2=Sabrina|title=IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=67|issue=13|year=2016|pages=1101|issn=07351097|doi=10.1016/S0735-1097(16)31102-0}}</ref>.
+*[[Pedal edema|Peripheral edema]]<ref name="ParwaniPhillips2016">{{cite journal|last1=Parwani|first1=Purvi|last2=Phillips|first2=Sabrina|title=IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=67|issue=13|year=2016|pages=1101|issn=07351097|doi=10.1016/S0735-1097(16)31102-0}}</ref>.
-* Diastolic murmur at the left sternal border. <ref name="ParwaniPhillips2016">{{cite journal|last1=Parwani|first1=Purvi|last2=Phillips|first2=Sabrina|title=IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=67|issue=13|year=2016|pages=1101|issn=07351097|doi=10.1016/S0735-1097(16)31102-0}}</ref>
+*[[Heart murmur|Diastolic murmur]] at the left sternal border. <ref name="ParwaniPhillips2016">{{cite journal|last1=Parwani|first1=Purvi|last2=Phillips|first2=Sabrina|title=IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=67|issue=13|year=2016|pages=1101|issn=07351097|doi=10.1016/S0735-1097(16)31102-0}}</ref>
 * Systolic Murmur increasing with inspiration at the left sternal border<ref name="ParwaniPhillips2016">{{cite journal|last1=Parwani|first1=Purvi|last2=Phillips|first2=Sabrina|title=IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EXAMINATION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH TETRALOGY OF FALLOT|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=67|issue=13|year=2016|pages=1101|issn=07351097|doi=10.1016/S0735-1097(16)31102-0}}</ref>.
@@ Line 109: / Line 109: @@
 Some patients with pentalogy of fallot may have [[polycythemia]]
-which is usually suggestive of worsening hypoxia and compensatory production of erythropoetin.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
+which is usually suggestive of worsening [[hypoxia]] and compensatory production of erythropoetin.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
 .
@@ Line 116: / Line 116: @@
 An ECG may be helpful in the diagnosis of pentalogy of fallot,
-Findings on an ECG suggestive of pentalogy of fallot include [[right axis deviation]] and  right ventricular hypertrophy.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
+Findings on an ECG suggestive of pentalogy of fallot include [[right axis deviation]] and  [[right ventricular hypertrophy]].<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
   [[File: Right_ventrriular_hypertophy.png|200p|thumb|right|Echocardiography Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular, Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3874376/]]
@@ Line 137: / Line 137: @@
 Echocardiography  may be helpful in the diagnosis of pentalogy of fallot. Findings on an echocardiography diagnostic of pentalogy of fallot include.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
-* Ventricular septal defect.
+*[[Ventricular septal defect]].
 * Atrial septal defect.
-* Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
+*[[Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction]].
-* overriding aorta [[File:Pentalogy_of_fallot_image_2.png|200p|thumb|left | Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3299189/]]
+*[[overriding aorta]] [[File:Pentalogy_of_fallot_image_2.png|200p|thumb|left | Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3299189/]]
 ===CT scan===
-Thoracic CT angiography  may be helpful in the diagnosis of pentalogy of fallot. Findings on CT scan diagnostic of pentalogy of fallot include. <ref name="LapierreDubois2016">{{cite journal|last1=Lapierre|first1=C.|last2=Dubois|first2=J.|last3=Rypens|first3=F.|last4=Raboisson|first4=M.-J.|last5=Déry|first5=J.|title=Tetralogy of Fallot: Preoperative assessment with MR and CT imaging|journal=Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging|volume=97|issue=5|year=2016|pages=531–541|issn=22115684|doi=10.1016/j.diii.2016.01.009}}</ref>
+Thoracic [[CT angiography]]  may be helpful in the diagnosis of pentalogy of fallot. Findings on CT scan diagnostic of pentalogy of fallot include. <ref name="LapierreDubois2016">{{cite journal|last1=Lapierre|first1=C.|last2=Dubois|first2=J.|last3=Rypens|first3=F.|last4=Raboisson|first4=M.-J.|last5=Déry|first5=J.|title=Tetralogy of Fallot: Preoperative assessment with MR and CT imaging|journal=Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging|volume=97|issue=5|year=2016|pages=531–541|issn=22115684|doi=10.1016/j.diii.2016.01.009}}</ref>
-*ventricular septal defect.
+*[[ventricular septal defect]].
-* right ventricular hypertrophy,
+*[[right ventricular hypertrophy]],
-* pulmonary atresia
+*[[pulmonary atresia]]
-* aortopulmonary collateral arteries.
+*[[Aortopulmonary Window|aortopulmonary]] collateral arteries.
 ===MRI===
-cardiac MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of pentalogy of fallot. Findings on MRI diagnostic of pentalogy of fallot include RVOT stenosis, VSD,  ASD,Overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy and hypoplastic pulmonary arteries.<ref name="LapierreDubois2016">{{cite journal|last1=Lapierre|first1=C.|last2=Dubois|first2=J.|last3=Rypens|first3=F.|last4=Raboisson|first4=M.-J.|last5=Déry|first5=J.|title=Tetralogy of Fallot: Preoperative assessment with MR and CT imaging|journal=Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging|volume=97|issue=5|year=2016|pages=531–541|issn=22115684|doi=10.1016/j.diii.2016.01.009}}</ref>
+[[Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR)|cardiac MRI]] may be helpful in the diagnosis of pentalogy of fallot. Findings on MRI diagnostic of pentalogy of fallot include RVOT stenosis, [[VSD,]]  [[ASD,]][[Overriding aorta]], [[right ventricular hypertrophy]] and hypoplastic pulmonary arteries.<ref name="LapierreDubois2016">{{cite journal|last1=Lapierre|first1=C.|last2=Dubois|first2=J.|last3=Rypens|first3=F.|last4=Raboisson|first4=M.-J.|last5=Déry|first5=J.|title=Tetralogy of Fallot: Preoperative assessment with MR and CT imaging|journal=Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging|volume=97|issue=5|year=2016|pages=531–541|issn=22115684|doi=10.1016/j.diii.2016.01.009}}</ref>
 ===Other Imaging Findings===
-Other imaging findings for pentalogy of fallot include Right ventricular angiopraphy which demonstrates infundibular and pulmonary artery anatomy.  left ventricular angiography, which demonstrates. <ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
+Other imaging findings for pentalogy of fallot include [[Right ventricular angiopraphy]] which demonstrates infundibular and [[pulmonary artery]] anatomy.  left ventricular angiography, which demonstrates. <ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
-*VSD
+*[[Ventricular septal defect|VSD]]
-* ASD,
+*[[Atrial septal defect|ASD]],
-* Overiding aorta
+*[[Overiding aorta]]
 ===Other Diagnostic Studies===
@@ Line 171: / Line 172: @@
 The mainstay of treatment for pentalogy of fallot  is Surgery.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
-Pharmacologic medical therapy is recommended among patients with severe RVOTO and hypercyanotic spells.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. 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Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. 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C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
+Pharmacologic medical therapy is recommended among patients with severe [[Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction|RVOTO]] and hypercyanotic spells.<ref name="Braun-FalcoMankin2009">{{cite journal|last1=Braun-Falco|first1=Markus|last2=Mankin|first2=Henry J.|last3=Wenger|first3=Sharon L.|last4=Braun-Falco|first4=Markus|last5=Kendall|first5=Stephan DiSean|last6=Blobe|first6=Gerard C.|last7=Weber|first7=Christoph K.|last8=Lorenz|first8=Richard|last9=Adler|first9=Guido|last10=Whitcomb|first10=David C.|last11=Yadav|first11=Dhiraj|last12=Bode|first12=Johannes|last13=Wabitsch|first13=Martin|last14=Debatin|first14=Klaus-Michael|last15=Posovzsky|first15=Pamela Fischer|last16=Hassan|first16=Akmal|last17=Megahed|first17=Mosaad|last18=Lundgren|first18=Tord M.|last19=Pfister|first19=Markus|last20=Zenner|first20=Hans-Peter|last21=Berardi|first21=Rossana|last22=Pierantoni|first22=Chiara|last23=Scartozzi|first23=Mario|last24=Cascinu|first24=Stefano|last25=Hendy|first25=Geoffrey N.|last26=Schwarz|first26=Johannes|last27=Storch|first27=Alexander|last28=Schnog|first28=John-John B.|last29=Gerdes|first29=Victor E. A.|last30=Schneider|first30=Susanne A.|last31=Bhatia|first31=Kailash P.|last32=Gittenberger-de Groot|first32=Adriana C.|last33=Bökenkamp|first33=Regina|last34=DeRuiter|first34=Marco C.|last35=Leung|first35=Alexander K. C.|last36=Wong|first36=Andrew L.|last37=Lang|first37=Undine E.|last38=Leung|first38=Alexander K. C.|last39=Leung|first39=Alexander K. C.|last40=Seyhan|first40=Muammer|last41=Hofmann|first41=Silke|last42=Bruckner-Tuderman|first42=Leena|last43=Hofmann|first43=Silke|last44=Bruckner-Tuderman|first44=Leena|last45=Hofmann|first45=Silke|last46=Bruckner-Tuderman|first46=Leena|last47=Kopp|first47=Peter|last48=Forrest|first48=Douglas|last49=Misirlioğlu|first49=Emine Dibek|last50=Alpan|first50=Nursel|last51=Oette|first51=Mark|last52=Imazio|first52=Massimo|last53=Chinnaiyan|first53=Kavitha M.|last54=Mehta|first54=Laxmi S.|last55=Bhat|first55=Mushtaq A.|last56=Bhat|first56=Javeed I.|last57=Stöber|first57=Gerald|last58=Reis|first58=André|last59=Rémi|first59=Jan|last60=Noachtar|first60=Soheyl|last61=Jurkat-Rott|first61=Karin|last62=Lehmann-Horn|first62=Frank|last63=Holzhausen|first63=Marinella|last64=Vergnolle|first64=Nathalie|last65=Schillinger|first65=Martin|last66=Gdynia|first66=Hans-Jürgen|last67=Ludolph|first67=Albert C.|last68=Namdar|first68=Thomas|last69=Eisenberger|first69=Claus Ferdinand|last70=Knoefel|first70=Wolfram Trudo|last71=Ginés|first71=Pere|last72=Guevara|first72=Mónica|last73=Cuesta-Muñoz|first73=Antonio L.|last74=Eijer|first74=Henk|last75=Böhm|first75=Markus|last76=Luger|first76=Thomas A.|last77=Güttler|first77=Flemming|last78=Guldberg|first78=Per|last79=Koch|first79=Richard|last80=Moseley|first80=Kathryn|last81=Eisenhofer|first81=Graeme|last82=Pacak|first82=Karel|last83=Leonard|first83=James V.|last84=Jaeken|first84=Jaak|last85=Becker|first85=Michael A.|last86=Stephani|first86=Ulrich|last87=Frazier|first87=Kendall S.|last88=Böhm|first88=Markus|last89=Luger|first89=Thomas A.|last90=Leung|first90=Alexander K. C.|last91=Sauve|first91=Reginald S.|last92=Matejas|first92=Verena|last93=Zenker|first93=Martin|last94=Leung|first94=Alexander K. C.|last95=Leung|first95=Alexander K. C.|last96=Robson|first96=William Lane M.|last97=Beissert|first97=Stefan|last98=Leung|first98=Alexander K. C.|last99=Robson|first99=William Lane M.|last100=Woo|first100=Tom Y.|last101=Leung|first101=Alexander K. C.|last102=Cate|first102=Hugo Ten|last103=Light|first103=Richard W.|last104=Bozza|first104=Patricia T.|last105=Salluh|first105=Jorge I.|last106=Jantz|first106=Michael A.|last107=Vargas|first107=Sergio L.|last108=Tomic|first108=Rade|last109=Roman|first109=Jesse|last110=Mobeireek|first110=Abdullah F.|last111=Khalid|first111=Mohammad|last112=Torres|first112=Harrys A.|last113=Chemaly|first113=Roy F.|last114=Tomic|first114=Rade|last115=Roman|first115=Jesse|last116=Light|first116=Richard W.|last117=Dispenzieri|first117=Angela|last118=Krause|first118=Sabine|last119=Lochmüller|first119=Hanns|last120=Weihrauch|first120=Julia|last121=Krieg|first121=Thomas|last122=Kühn|first122=Wolfgang|last123=Walz|first123=Gerd|last124=Merker|first124=Georg H.|last125=Kubitz|first125=Ralf|last126=Häussinger|first126=Dieter|last127=Schnog|first127=John-John B.|last128=Gerdes|first128=Victor E. A.|last129=Musco|first129=Giovanna|last130=Stoll|first130=Guido|last131=Toyka|first131=Klaus V.|last132=Leung|first132=Alexander K. C.|last133=Leung|first133=Alexander K. C.|last134=Robson|first134=William Lane M.|last135=Böhm|first135=Markus|last136=Luger|first136=Thomas A.|last137=Pischik|first137=Elena|last138=Kauppinen|first138=Raili|last139=Frank|first139=Jorge|last140=Schwarz|first140=Thomas|last141=Thapar|first141=Manish|last142=Bonkovsky|first142=Herbert. L.|last143=Wagner|first143=Jeffrey C.|last144=Smith|first144=A. Gordon|last145=Mela|first145=Maria|last146=Thalheimer|first146=Ulrich|last147=Samonakis|first147=Dimitrios|last148=Burroughs|first148=Andrew K.|last149=Mela|first149=Maria|last150=Thalheimer|first150=Ulrich|last151=Samonakis|first151=Dimitrios|last152=Burroughs|first152=Andrew K.|last153=Shastri|first153=Yogesh M.|last154=Stein|first154=Jürgen M.|last155=Segman|first155=Ronnen H.|last156=Shalev|first156=Arieh Y.|last157=Jacob|first157=Giris|last158=Robertson|first158=David|last159=Leung|first159=Alexander K. C.|last160=Robson|first160=William Lane M.|last161=Leung|first161=Alexander K. C.|last162=Lampinen|first162=Katja|last163=Kublickiene|first163=Karolina|last164=Kaaja|first164=Risto|last165=Lenarczyk|first165=Radosław|last166=Kowalski|first166=Oskar|last167=Kalarus|first167=Zbigniew|last168=Wichterle|first168=Dan|last169=Leung|first169=Alexander K. C.|last170=Maguire|first170=Jamie|last171=Mody|first171=Istvan|last172=Janssens|first172=Katrien|last173=Vanhoenacker|first173=Filip|last174=Van Hul|first174=Wim|last175=Gdynia|first175=Hans-Jürgen|last176=Ludolph|first176=Albert C.|last177=Leonard|first177=James V.|last178=Cate|first178=Hugo Ten|last179=Geboes|first179=Karel|last180=Van Assche|first180=Gert|last181=Cate|first181=Hugo Ten|last182=Berden|first182=Jo H. M.|last183=Van Kuppevelt|first183=Toin H.|last184=Rops|first184=Angelique L.|last185=Cate|first185=Hugo Ten|last186=Cate|first186=Hugo Ten|last187=Frank|first187=Jorge|last188=Schwarz|first188=Thomas|last189=Ambros-Rudolph|first189=Christina M.|last190=Lamounier-Zepter|first190=Valéria|last191=Thomas|first191=Christie P.|last192=Thomas|first192=Christie P.|last193=Thomas|first193=Christie P.|last194=Koch|first194=Christian A.|last195=Weinstein|first195=Lee S.|last196=Silve|first196=Caroline|last197=Leung|first197=Alexander K. C.|last198=Uitto|first198=Jouni|last199=Jiang|first199=Qiujie|last200=Leung|first200=Alexander K. C.|last201=Robson|first201=William Lane M.|last202=Leung|first202=Alexander K. C.|last203=Yildiz|first203=Orhan|last204=Kayabas|first204=Uner|last205=Hegele|first205=Richard G.|last206=Tournier|first206=Jean-Nicolas|last207=Halefoğlu|first207=Ahmet Mesrur|last208=Hutson|first208=Mary Redmond|last209=Kirby|first209=Margaret L.|last210=Okada|first210=Fumito|last211=Ando|first211=Yumiko|last212=Ono|first212=Asami|last213=Mori|first213=Hiromu|last214=Moore|first214=Timothy M.|last215=Townsley|first215=Mary I.|last216=Krauth|first216=Maria-T.|last217=Pabinger|first217=Ingrid|last218=Ballmann|first218=Manfred|last219=Hegele|first219=Richard G.|last220=Trow|first220=Terence K.|last221=McLaughlin|first221=Vallerie V.|last222=Hegele|first222=Richard G.|last223=Fetouh Yassin|first223=Atteyet-Alla|last224=Uebing|first224=Anselm|last225=Gatzoulis|first225=Michael A.|last226=Gardiner|first226=Helena M.|last227=Ma|first227=Lucia K.|last228=Ma|first228=Patrick T. S.|last229=Leung|first229=Alexander K. C.|last230=Prieto|first230=Lourdes|last231=Latson|first231=Larry|last232=Keller|first232=Nancy R.|last233=Robertson|first233=David|last234=Fairbanks|first234=Lynette D.|last235=Simmonds|first235=H. Anne|last236=Brunner|first236=Martina|last237=Zouboulis|first237=Christos C.|last238=Everts|first238=Vincent|last239=Helfrich|first239=Miep|last240=Leung|first240=Alexander K. C.|last241=Wong|first241=Andrew L.|last242=Von Den Driesch|first242=Peter|last243=Bitsch|first243=Roland|last244=Bitsch|first244=Roland|last245=Bitsch|first245=Roland|last246=García-Cazorla|first246=Angels|last247=Saudubray|first247=Jean Marie|title=Pentalogy of Fallot|year=2009|pages=1602–1605|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_1393}}</ref>
@@ Line 177: / Line 178: @@
-* prostaglandin E1 in neonates with ductal dependent pulmonary blood flow
+*[[prostaglandin E1]] in neonates with ductal dependent pulmonary blood flow
 *[[Morphine]] and [[ketamine]]  for sedation
 *vasopressors like [[phenylephrine]]
@@ Line 196: / Line 197: @@
 * Pulmonary valvotomy( for stenotic pulmonic valve)
 * Pulmonary valvectomy( for small and thickened pulmonic valve)
-* Closure of ASD/VSD
+* Closure of [[Atrial septal defect|ASD]]/[[Ventricular septal defect|VSD]]
-* Shunt surgery for severe cyanosis or in patients with frequent spells in the first year of life
+* Shunt surgery for severe [[cyanosis]] or in patients with frequent spells in the first year of life
-* Blalock -Taussig Shunt- communication between the right or left pulmonary artery and the right or left subclavian artery.
+* Blalock -Taussig Shunt- communication between the right or left [[pulmonary artery]] and the right or left [[subclavian artery]].
-* Waterson-Cooley Shunt- communication between the ascending aorta with the right pulmonary artery
+* Waterson-Cooley Shunt- communication between the [[ascending aorta]] with the right [[pulmonary artery]]
-* Potts shunt-communication between the descending aorta and left pulmonary artery
+* Potts shunt-communication between the [[descending aorta]] and left [[pulmonary artery]]
-* Central shunt- Communication between the main pulmonary artery and ascending aorta.
+* Central shunt- Communication between the main [[Pulmonary artery|pulmonary arter]]<nowiki/>y and [[ascending aorta.]]
 ===Primary Prevention===