Sandbox:Mitra: Difference between revisions

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! rowspan="2" |<small>Other Findings</small>
! rowspan="2" |<small>Other Findings</small>
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
|- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
!<small>CT scan and MRI</small>  
!<small>Dyspnea on Exertion</small>
!<small>EKG</small>
!<small>Chest Pain</small>
!<small>Chest X-ray</small>
!<small>Hemoptysis</small>
!<small>Fever</small>
!<small>Tachypnea</small>
!<small>Tachypnea</small>
!<small>Tachycardia</small>
!<small>Tachycardia</small>
!<small>Fever</small>
!<small>Chest X-ray</small>
!<small>Chest Pain</small>
!<small>EKG</small>
!<small>Hemoptysis</small>
!<small>CT scan and MRI</small>  
!<small>Dyspnea on Exertion</small>
!<small>Wheezing</small>
!<small>Chest Tenderness</small>
!<small>Nasalopharyngeal Ulceration</small>
!<small>Carotid Bruit</small>
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Pulmonary embolism]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Pulmonary embolism]]

Revision as of 15:42, 20 July 2020

Diseases Symptoms Physical Examination Diagnostic tests Other Findings
Dyspnea on Exertion Chest Pain Hemoptysis Fever Tachypnea Tachycardia Chest X-ray EKG CT scan and MRI
Pulmonary embolism
  • On CT angiography:
    • Intra-luminal filling defect
  • On MRI:
    • Narrowing of involved vessel
    • No contrast seen distal to obstruction
    • Polo-mint sign (partial filling defect surrounded by contrast)
✔ (Low grade) ✔ (In case of massive PE) - - - -
Congestive heart failure
  • Goldberg's criteria may aid in diagnosis of left ventricular dysfunction: (High specificity)
    • SV1 or SV2 + RV5 or RV6 ≥3.5 mV
    • Total QRS amplitude in each of the limb leads ≤0.8 mV
    • R/S ratio <1 in lead V4
- - - - - -
Percarditis
  • ST elevation
  • PR depression
  • Large collection of fluid inside the pericardial sac (pericardial effusion)
  • Calcification of pericardial sac
✔ (Low grade) ✔ (Relieved by sitting up and leaning forward) - - - - -
  • May be clinically classified into:
    • Acute (< 6 weeks)
    • Sub-acute (6 weeks - 6 months)
    • Chronic (> 6 months)
Pneumonia - - - -
Vasculitis

Homogeneous, circumferential vessel wall swelling

-
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
  • On CT scan:
  • On MRI:
    • Increased diameter of pulmonary arteries
    • Peripheral pulmonary vasculature attentuation
    • Loss of retrosternal airspace due to right ventricular enlargement
    • Hyperpolarized Helium MRI may show progressively poor ventilation and destruction of lung
- - - - - -
COVID-19-associated heart failure
Other Conditions that Cause Dyspnea that are Emergencies

The following emergency conditions should be excluded when diagnosing a patient with heart failure:

Non Cardiac Causes of Dyspnea