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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Diuretic|Diuretic abuse]]''' | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" | '''[[Diuretic|Diuretic abuse]]''' | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*Diuretic abuse should be considered in all patients with unexplained hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis.<ref name="pmid7091169">{{cite journal| author=Jamison RL, Ross JC, Kempson RL, Sufit CR, Parker TE| title=Surreptitious diuretic ingestion and pseudo-Bartter's syndrome. | journal=Am J Med | year= 1982 | volume= 73 | issue= 1 | pages= 142-7 | pmid=7091169 | doi=10.1016/0002-9343(82)90941-x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7091169 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1328936">{{cite journal| author=Colussi G, Rombolà G, Airaghi C, De Ferrari ME, Minetti L| title=Pseudo-Bartter's syndrome from surreptitious diuretic intake: differential diagnosis with true Bartter's syndrome. | journal=Nephrol Dial Transplant | year= 1992 | volume= 7 | issue= 9 | pages= 896-901 | pmid=1328936 | doi=10.1093/ndt/7.9.896 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1328936 }} </ref><ref name="pmid3023152">{{cite journal| author=Sasaki H, Kawasaki T, Yamamoto T, Ninomiya H, Ono J, Yamamoto T | display-authors=etal| title=[Pseudo-Bartter's syndrome induced by surreptitious ingestion of furosemide to lose weight: a case report and possible pathophysiology]. | journal=Nihon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi | year= 1986 | volume= 62 | issue= 8 | pages= 867-81 | pmid=3023152 | doi=10.1507/endocrine1927.62.8_867 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3023152 }} </ref> | *[[Diuretic|Diuretic abuse]] should be considered in all patients with unexplained [[hypokalemia]] and [[metabolic alkalosis]].<ref name="pmid7091169">{{cite journal| author=Jamison RL, Ross JC, Kempson RL, Sufit CR, Parker TE| title=Surreptitious diuretic ingestion and pseudo-Bartter's syndrome. | journal=Am J Med | year= 1982 | volume= 73 | issue= 1 | pages= 142-7 | pmid=7091169 | doi=10.1016/0002-9343(82)90941-x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7091169 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1328936">{{cite journal| author=Colussi G, Rombolà G, Airaghi C, De Ferrari ME, Minetti L| title=Pseudo-Bartter's syndrome from surreptitious diuretic intake: differential diagnosis with true Bartter's syndrome. | journal=Nephrol Dial Transplant | year= 1992 | volume= 7 | issue= 9 | pages= 896-901 | pmid=1328936 | doi=10.1093/ndt/7.9.896 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1328936 }} </ref><ref name="pmid3023152">{{cite journal| author=Sasaki H, Kawasaki T, Yamamoto T, Ninomiya H, Ono J, Yamamoto T | display-authors=etal| title=[Pseudo-Bartter's syndrome induced by surreptitious ingestion of furosemide to lose weight: a case report and possible pathophysiology]. | journal=Nihon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi | year= 1986 | volume= 62 | issue= 8 | pages= 867-81 | pmid=3023152 | doi=10.1507/endocrine1927.62.8_867 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3023152 }} </ref> | ||
*Sometimes parents or caregivers administer diuretics in infants. | *Sometimes parents or caregivers administer [[diuretics]] in infants. | ||
*It is hard to differentiate diuretic abuse from Bartter syndrome by blood and urinary electrolyte measurements. A diuretic screen is warranted.<ref name="pmid8747119">{{cite journal| author=D'Avanzo M, Santinelli R, Tolone C, Bettinelli A, Bianchetti MG| title=Concealed administration of frusemide simulating Bartter syndrome in a 4.5-year-old boy. | journal=Pediatr Nephrol | year= 1995 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 749-50 | pmid=8747119 | doi=10.1007/BF00868731 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8747119 }} </ref> | *It is hard to differentiate [[diuretic|diuretic abuse]] from [[Bartter syndrome]] by blood and urinary electrolyte measurements. A [[diuretic]] screen is warranted.<ref name="pmid8747119">{{cite journal| author=D'Avanzo M, Santinelli R, Tolone C, Bettinelli A, Bianchetti MG| title=Concealed administration of frusemide simulating Bartter syndrome in a 4.5-year-old boy. | journal=Pediatr Nephrol | year= 1995 | volume= 9 | issue= 6 | pages= 749-50 | pmid=8747119 | doi=10.1007/BF00868731 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8747119 }} </ref> | ||
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''Cyclical vomiting''' | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''Cyclical vomiting''' | ||
Revision as of 10:54, 31 July 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tayyaba Ali, M.D.[2]
Overview
Differentiating Bartter syndrome from other Diseases
Bartter syndrome diagnosis should be differentiated from other diseases manifesting with hypokalemia and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis.[1]
| Disease | Findings |
|---|---|
| Gitelman syndrome |
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| Diuretic abuse |
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| Cyclical vomiting |
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| Hyperprostaglandin E syndrome |
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| Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria/nephrocalcinosis |
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| Cystic fibrosis |
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| Gullner syndrome - Familial hypokalemic alkalosis with proximal tubulopathy |
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| Mineralocorticoid excess |
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| Activating mutations of the CaSR calcium-sensing receptor |
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| Hypomagnesemia |
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| Congenital chloride diarrhea |
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| Hypochloremic alkalosis |
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| Hypokalemia |
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References
- ↑ Gitelman HJ, Graham JB, Welt LG (1966). "A new familial disorder characterized by hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia". Trans Assoc Am Physicians. 79: 221–35. PMID 5929460.
- ↑ Scognamiglio R, Negut C, Calò LA (2007). "Aborted sudden cardiac death in two patients with Bartter's/Gitelman's syndromes". Clin Nephrol. 67 (3): 193–7. doi:10.5414/cnp67193. PMID 17390745.
- ↑ Urbanová M, Reiterová J, Stěkrová J, Lněnička P, Ryšavá R (2011). "DNA analysis of renal electrolyte transporter genes among patients suffering from Bartter and Gitelman syndromes: summary of mutation screening". Folia Biol (Praha). 57 (2): 65–73. PMID 21631963.
- ↑ Jamison RL, Ross JC, Kempson RL, Sufit CR, Parker TE (1982). "Surreptitious diuretic ingestion and pseudo-Bartter's syndrome". Am J Med. 73 (1): 142–7. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(82)90941-x. PMID 7091169.
- ↑ Colussi G, Rombolà G, Airaghi C, De Ferrari ME, Minetti L (1992). "Pseudo-Bartter's syndrome from surreptitious diuretic intake: differential diagnosis with true Bartter's syndrome". Nephrol Dial Transplant. 7 (9): 896–901. doi:10.1093/ndt/7.9.896. PMID 1328936.
- ↑ Sasaki H, Kawasaki T, Yamamoto T, Ninomiya H, Ono J, Yamamoto T; et al. (1986). "[Pseudo-Bartter's syndrome induced by surreptitious ingestion of furosemide to lose weight: a case report and possible pathophysiology]". Nihon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi. 62 (8): 867–81. doi:10.1507/endocrine1927.62.8_867. PMID 3023152.
- ↑ D'Avanzo M, Santinelli R, Tolone C, Bettinelli A, Bianchetti MG (1995). "Concealed administration of frusemide simulating Bartter syndrome in a 4.5-year-old boy". Pediatr Nephrol. 9 (6): 749–50. doi:10.1007/BF00868731. PMID 8747119.
- ↑ Veldhuis JD, Bardin CW, Demers LM (1979). "Metabolic mimicry of Bartter's syndrome by covert vomiting: utility of urinary chloride determinations". Am J Med. 66 (2): 361–3. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(79)90566-7. PMID 425977.