Tricuspid atresia natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief:Sara Zand, M.D.[2] Keri Shafer, M.D. [3] Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [4] Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [5]

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

• Early clinical features in infants includecyanosis of lips and tongue, difficulty in breathing, tiring easily during feeding.
• The severity of cyanosis ininfants with pulmonary stenosis is dependent on the amount ofpulmonary blood flow passing throughpatent ductus arteriosus.
• After physiologic closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), thecyanosis will be aggravated.
• In patients with normalpulmonary blood flow, complications ofheart failure may occur.
• Prognosis is generally poor without surgery and 90% of patients will die before 10 years old.
• The 15-year survival of patients with Fontan procedure is approximately %92 according to Merry et al.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Complications

• Irregular, fast heart rhythms (arrhythmias)
• Chronic diarrhea (from a disease called protein losing enteropathy)
• Heart failure
• Fluid in the abdomen (ascites) and in the lungs (pleural effusion)
• Blockage of the artificial shunt
• Strokes and other neurological complications
• Sudden death

Prognosis

• The prognosis is poor in untreated patients.