Cough resident survival guide (pediatrics): Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
TayyabaAli (talk | contribs) |
TayyabaAli (talk | contribs) |
||
Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
===Common Causes=== | ===Common Causes=== | ||
* [[Common | |||
* [[ | {| class="wikitable" border="1" | ||
* [[ | !style="width: 300px;background:#4479BA"|{{fontcolor|#FFF| '''Acute cough (less than 3 weeks)'''<ref name="urlwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3056681/pdf/0570315.pdf |title=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>}} !!style="width: 300px;background:#4479BA"|{{fontcolor|#FFF| '''Subacute (3 to 8 weeks) or chronic cough (3 to 4 months)'''<ref name="Surgery (Oxford)">{{cite web |url=http://www.surgeryjournal.co.uk/article/S0263-9319(10)00199-7/abstract |title=www.surgeryjournal.co.uk |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>}} | ||
* [[ | |- | ||
* [[ | | valign="top" | | ||
* [[Common cold]] | |||
* [[Bronchitis]] or [[Bronchiolitis]] | |||
* [[Asthma]] | |||
* [[Pertussis]] | |||
* [[Croup]] | |||
* [[Influenza]] | |||
* [[Foreign body]] | |||
* [[Pneumonia]] | |||
* [[Second-hand smoke]] | |||
* [[Gastroesophageal reflux disease|Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)]] | |||
| valign="top" | | |||
* [[Urinary tract infection]] | |||
* Transient unexplained | |||
* [[Kidney stone|Stones]] | |||
* [[Exercise]] | |||
* [[Trauma]] | |||
* [[Polycystic kidney disease]] | |||
|} | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== |
Revision as of 11:22, 5 September 2020
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tayyaba Ali, M.D.[2]
Synonyms and keywords:
Overview
This section provides a short and straight to the point overview of the disease or symptom. The first sentence of the overview must contain the name of the disease.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
Acute cough (less than 3 weeks)[1] | Subacute (3 to 8 weeks) or chronic cough (3 to 4 months)[2] |
---|---|
|
Diagnosis
The approach to diagnosis of Cough in children is based on a step-wise testing strategy. Below is an algorithm summarising the identification and laboratory diagnosis of Cough.[3][4]
Characterize the symptoms ❑ Chronic wet/productive cough ❑ Chest pain ❑ History suggestive of inhaled foreign body ❑ Dyspnea ❑ Exertional dyspnea ❑ Hemoptysis ❑ Failure to thrive ❑ Choking ❑ Vomiting ❑ Cardiac anomaly ❑ Neurodevelopmental abnormalities ❑ Recurrent sinopulmonary infections ❑ Immunodeficiency ❑ Epidemiologic risk factors for exposure to TB | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Examine the patient ❑ Respiratory distress ❑ Digital clubbing ❑ Chest wall deformity ❑ Auscultatory crackles | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Order Chest X-ray or spirometry (if child is able to perform) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consider the diagnosis of Bacterial bronchitis | Consider the diagnosis of Asthma ❑ History of bilateral wheeze and exertional dyspnea ❑ Absence of other cough symptoms ❑ Absence of findings on lung examination ❑ Reversible obstructive defect or normal finding on spirometry (if performed) | Consider the diagnosis of Retained foreign body ❑ History of choking or sudden onset of symptoms ❑ Monophonic or unilateral wheeze ❑ Chest X-ray finding suggesting foreign body | Consider the other type of cough ❑ Tracheomalacia ❑ Pertussis ❑ Habit cough/ tic cough (typically absent at night or when distracted and may be honking or short/dry) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Antibiotics for 2 to 4 weeks | Trial of Asthma therapies for 2 to 4 weeks | Perform rigid bronchoscopy for foreign body removal | Perform tests to confirm the diagnosis and treat as appropriate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cough resolves ❑ Likely bacterial bronchitis ❑ Reassess in 3 to 4 months to confirm that child remains well | Productive cough continues after 4 weeks ❑ Consider the diagnosis of: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Treatment
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.
Do's
- The content in this section is in bullet points.
Don'ts
- The content in this section is in bullet points.
References
- ↑ "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" (PDF).
- ↑ "www.surgeryjournal.co.uk".
- ↑ Rochwerg B, Brochard L, Elliott MW, Hess D, Hill NS, Nava S; et al. (2017). "Official ERS/ATS clinical practice guidelines: noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure". Eur Respir J. 50 (2). doi:10.1183/13993003.02426-2016. PMID 28860265.
- ↑ Weinberger M, Hoegger M (2016). "The cough without a cause: Habit cough syndrome". J Allergy Clin Immunol. 137 (3): 930–1. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.09.002. PMID 26483178.