HIV resident survival guide: Difference between revisions
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[[Human Immunodeficiency Virus]], the agent causing [[Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome]], is one of the leading infectious burden globally and fifth leading cause of [[disability]] in people of all ages. Belonging to the family of [[Retroviridae]], it particularly infects the [[immune system]] cells such as [[CD4+ T cells]], [[dendritic cells]] and [[macrophages]]. It has 2 serotypes with HIV-1 being most [[virulent]] and [[pathogenic]]. It is transmitted via sexual fluids([[vaginal]] and [[semen]]), [[blood]] by [[percutaneous inoculation]], [[Placenta]](vertical transmission from mother to fetus) and [[breast milk]]. Due to competency of [[Antiretroviral therapy]], it is now considered as chronic illness seen most commonly in [[mono-sexual]] men. Initially the symptoms are non specific until it develops into the last stage [[AIDS]] where patient present with [[opportunistic]] infections due to suppressed immunity. It is diagnosed by [[PCR]], [[ELISA]], [[western blot]] and [[Rapid antigen testing]]. [[ART]] and [[vaccines]] have shown promising results in treatment and prevention respectively. As prevention is the foundation, CDC recommends screening mono-sexual men, [[pregnant]] women, [[drug abusers]] ad sexually active [[heterosexuals]]. Despite better treatment, it remains a serious disease that require more efforts by health care providers in terms of [[surveillance]] and education. | [[Human Immunodeficiency Virus]], the agent causing [[Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome]], is one of the leading infectious burden globally and fifth leading cause of [[disability]] in people of all ages. Belonging to the family of [[Retroviridae]], it particularly infects the [[immune system]] cells such as [[CD4+ T cells]], [[dendritic cells]] and [[macrophages]]. It has 2 serotypes with HIV-1 being most [[virulent]] and [[pathogenic]]. It is transmitted via sexual fluids([[vaginal]] and [[semen]]), [[blood]] by [[percutaneous inoculation]], [[Placenta]](vertical transmission from mother to fetus) and [[breast milk]]. Due to competency of [[Antiretroviral therapy]], it is now considered as chronic illness seen most commonly in [[mono-sexual]] men. Initially the symptoms are non specific until it develops into the last stage [[AIDS]] where patient present with [[opportunistic]] infections due to suppressed immunity. It is diagnosed by [[PCR]], [[ELISA]], [[western blot]] and [[Rapid antigen testing]]. [[ART]] and [[vaccines]] have shown promising results in treatment and prevention respectively. As prevention is the foundation, CDC recommends screening mono-sexual men, [[pregnant]] women, [[drug abusers]] ad sexually active [[heterosexuals]]. Despite better treatment, it remains a serious disease that require more efforts by health care providers in terms of [[surveillance]] and education. | ||
== | ==Classification== | ||
WHO and CDC classify the HIV infected individuals on the basis of CD count: | |||
* STAGE A- Asymptomatic (CD count > 500/ | |||
* | * STAGE B- Mild symptoms to symptoms of AIDS related complex (CD count between 400 and 200 | ||
* | * STAGE C- AIDS defining illness (CD count <200 | ||
===Common Causes=== | ===Common Causes=== | ||
* [[Common cause 1]] | * [[Common cause 1]] | ||
Revision as of 12:18, 17 September 2020
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Human Immunodeficiency Virus, the agent causing Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, is one of the leading infectious burden globally and fifth leading cause of disability in people of all ages. Belonging to the family of Retroviridae, it particularly infects the immune system cells such as CD4+ T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. It has 2 serotypes with HIV-1 being most virulent and pathogenic. It is transmitted via sexual fluids(vaginal and semen), blood by percutaneous inoculation, Placenta(vertical transmission from mother to fetus) and breast milk. Due to competency of Antiretroviral therapy, it is now considered as chronic illness seen most commonly in mono-sexual men. Initially the symptoms are non specific until it develops into the last stage AIDS where patient present with opportunistic infections due to suppressed immunity. It is diagnosed by PCR, ELISA, western blot and Rapid antigen testing. ART and vaccines have shown promising results in treatment and prevention respectively. As prevention is the foundation, CDC recommends screening mono-sexual men, pregnant women, drug abusers ad sexually active heterosexuals. Despite better treatment, it remains a serious disease that require more efforts by health care providers in terms of surveillance and education.
Classification
WHO and CDC classify the HIV infected individuals on the basis of CD count:
- STAGE A- Asymptomatic (CD count > 500/
- STAGE B- Mild symptoms to symptoms of AIDS related complex (CD count between 400 and 200
- STAGE C- AIDS defining illness (CD count <200
Common Causes
Diagnosis
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.
Treatment
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.
Do's
- The content in this section is in bullet points.
Don'ts
- The content in this section is in bullet points.