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'''For patient information click [[Alcohol withdrawal (patient information)|here]].'''
'''For patient information click [[Alcohol withdrawal (patient information)|here]].'''


{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ADI}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SHA}} {{ADI}}
 
==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis==
 
How well a person does depends on the amount of organ damage and whether the person can stop drinking completely.  Alcohol withdrawal may range from a mild and uncomfortable disorder to a serious, life-threatening condition.  People who continue to drink a lot may develop health problems such as liver and heart disease.  Most people who go through alcohol withdrawal make a full recovery. However, [[death]] is possible, especially if [[delirium tremens]] occurs.


==Overview==
==Overview==
[[Symptoms]] of [[alcohol]] withdrawal usually resolve within seven days of [[alcohol]] intake discontinuation. Most patients with [[alcohol]] withdrawal have mild [[symptoms]] and may be treated with [[outpatient]] management. 5% of patients with [[alcohol]] withdrawal will present with severe [[alcohol]] withdrawal characteristics including [[seizures]] and [[Delirium tremens|delirium tremens (DT)]]. 5% of patients with [[alcohol]] withdrawal and [[Delirium tremens|delirium tremens (DT)]] die from various [[complications]].


==Natural History==
==Natural History==
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==Complications==
==Complications==
Complications of alcohol withdrawal may include:
5% of patients with [[alcohol]] withdrawal and [[Delirium tremens|delirium tremens (DT)]] die from [[complications]] such as:<ref name="pmid13134661">{{cite journal| author=VICTOR M, ADAMS RD| title=The effect of alcohol on the nervous system. | journal=Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis | year= 1953 | volume= 32 | issue=  | pages= 526-73 | pmid=13134661 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=13134661  }} </ref><ref name="pmid5858249">{{cite journal| author=Cutshall BJ| title=The Saunderssutton syndrome: an analysis of delirium tremens. | journal=Q J Stud Alcohol | year= 1965 | volume= 26 | issue= 3 | pages= 423-48 | pmid=5858249 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=5858249  }} </ref>
* [[Cardiovascular]]
* [[Metabolic]]
* [[Infections]]
* [[Trauma]]


==Prognosis==
==Prognosis==
* [[Alcohol]] withdrawal is rare in patients <30 years old, and the severity increases with more age.<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref>
* Most patients with [[alcohol]] withdrawal have mild [[symptoms]] and may be treated with [[outpatient]] management.<ref name="pmid25427113">{{cite journal| author=Schuckit MA| title=Recognition and management of withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens). | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2014 | volume= 371 | issue= 22 | pages= 2109-13 | pmid=25427113 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra1407298 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25427113  }} </ref>
* 5% of patients with [[alcohol]] withdrawal will present with severe [[alcohol]] withdrawal characteristics including:<ref name="pmid25427113">{{cite journal| author=Schuckit MA| title=Recognition and management of withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens). | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2014 | volume= 371 | issue= 22 | pages= 2109-13 | pmid=25427113 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra1407298 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25427113  }} </ref>
* 5% of patients with [[alcohol]] withdrawal will present with severe [[alcohol]] withdrawal characteristics including:<ref name="pmid25427113">{{cite journal| author=Schuckit MA| title=Recognition and management of withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens). | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2014 | volume= 371 | issue= 22 | pages= 2109-13 | pmid=25427113 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra1407298 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25427113  }} </ref>
** [[Seizures]]
** [[Seizures]]

Latest revision as of 12:25, 14 November 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shakiba Hassanzadeh, MD[2] Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [3]

Overview

Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal usually resolve within seven days of alcohol intake discontinuation. Most patients with alcohol withdrawal have mild symptoms and may be treated with outpatient management. 5% of patients with alcohol withdrawal will present with severe alcohol withdrawal characteristics including seizures and delirium tremens (DT). 5% of patients with alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens (DT) die from various complications.

Natural History

Complications

5% of patients with alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens (DT) die from complications such as:[3][4]

Prognosis

References

  1. ↑ Muncie HL, Yasinian Y, Oge' L (2013). "Outpatient management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome". Am Fam Physician. 88 (9): 589–95. PMID 24364635.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Schuckit MA (2014). "Recognition and management of withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens)". N Engl J Med. 371 (22): 2109–13. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1407298. PMID 25427113.
  3. ↑ VICTOR M, ADAMS RD (1953). "The effect of alcohol on the nervous system". Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis. 32: 526–73. PMID 13134661.
  4. ↑ Cutshall BJ (1965). "The Saunderssutton syndrome: an analysis of delirium tremens". Q J Stud Alcohol. 26 (3): 423–48. PMID 5858249.
  5. ↑ Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.
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