Cholesterol emboli syndrome pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Cholesterol emboli syndrome}} | {{Cholesterol emboli syndrome}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}}{{NN}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
*It is thought that [[cholesterol emboli syndrome]] is the result of rupture and release of [[cholesterol]] crystals from [[atherosclerotic plaques]], produced either spontaneously or as a result of iatrogenesis, ref name="Ozkok2016">{{cite journal|last1=Ozkok|first1=Abdullah|title=Cholesterol embolization syndrome: report of two cases|journal=Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi-Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology|year=2016|issn=10165169|doi=10.5543/tkda.2015.94587}}</ref><ref name="Ozkok2019">{{cite journal|last1=Ozkok|first1=Abdullah|title=<p>Cholesterol-embolization syndrome: current perspectives</p>|journal=Vascular Health and Risk Management|volume=Volume 15|year=2019|pages=209–220|issn=1178-2048|doi=10.2147/VHRM.S175150}}</ref> | |||
Cholesterol emboli syndrome (CES) is defined as the occlusion of | *Cholesterol emboli syndrome (CES) is defined as the occlusion of 100-200 µm [[arterioles]] by [[cholesterol]] crystals after their dislodgment from [[atheromatous plaques]], which arised from proximal large [[arteries]] such as [[aorta]].<ref name="Ozkok2016">{{cite journal|last1=Ozkok|first1=Abdullah|title=Cholesterol embolization syndrome: report of two cases|journal=Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi-Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology|year=2016|issn=10165169|doi=10.5543/tkda.2015.94587}}</ref> | ||
*embolization of [[cholesterol crystals]] lead to several damages including<ref name="Ozkok2016">{{cite journal|last1=Ozkok|first1=Abdullah|title=Cholesterol embolization syndrome: report of two cases|journal=Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi-Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology|year=2016|issn=10165169|doi=10.5543/tkda.2015.94587}}</ref> | |||
**Endothelial injury | |||
**activation of [[complement system]] | |||
**[[oxidative stress]] injury | |||
**activation of the [[renin]]–[[angiotensin]]–[[aldosterone]] system (RAAS) due to [[renal arteries]] obstruction and [[hypoperfusion]] | |||
**[[leukocyte]] infiltration and release of its enzymes which cause [[inflammation]] | |||
* [[cholesterol emboli]] can involve many organs including [[brain]], [[kidneys]], [[eyes]], [[skin]], [[muscles]], and [[gastrointestinal]] tract. <ref name="pmid32310551">{{cite journal | vauthors = Shah N, Nagalli S | title = | journal = | volume = | issue = | pages = | date = | pmid = 32310551 | doi = | url = | issn = }}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 14:33, 29 January 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nasrin Nikravangolsefid, MD-MPH [2]
Overview
Pathophysiology
- It is thought that cholesterol emboli syndrome is the result of rupture and release of cholesterol crystals from atherosclerotic plaques, produced either spontaneously or as a result of iatrogenesis, ref name="Ozkok2016">Ozkok, Abdullah (2016). "Cholesterol embolization syndrome: report of two cases". Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi-Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology. doi:10.5543/tkda.2015.94587. ISSN 1016-5169.</ref>[1]
- Cholesterol emboli syndrome (CES) is defined as the occlusion of 100-200 µm arterioles by cholesterol crystals after their dislodgment from atheromatous plaques, which arised from proximal large arteries such as aorta.[2]
- embolization of cholesterol crystals lead to several damages including[2]
- Endothelial injury
- activation of complement system
- oxidative stress injury
- activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) due to renal arteries obstruction and hypoperfusion
- leukocyte infiltration and release of its enzymes which cause inflammation
- cholesterol emboli can involve many organs including brain, kidneys, eyes, skin, muscles, and gastrointestinal tract. [3]
References
- ↑ Ozkok, Abdullah (2019). "
Cholesterol-embolization syndrome: current perspectives
". Vascular Health and Risk Management. Volume 15: 209–220. doi:10.2147/VHRM.S175150. ISSN 1178-2048. - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ozkok, Abdullah (2016). "Cholesterol embolization syndrome: report of two cases". Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi-Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology. doi:10.5543/tkda.2015.94587. ISSN 1016-5169.
- ↑ Shah N, Nagalli S. PMID 32310551 Check
|pmid=value (help). Missing or empty|title=(help)